feat(check): tsconfig "references", "extends", "files", "include" and "exclude" (#29843)

- Each workspace directory is probed for a `tsconfig.json`.
- These and any that are included by their `references` are put into a
list ordered by priority.
  - A tsconfig has lower priority than its `references`.
- An earlier listed entry in `references` has higher priority than a
later one.
- A probed tsconfig in an inner directory has higher priority than an
outer one. Their `references` would be interspersed between them.
- Each tsconfig has a filter based on its `files`, `include` and
`exclude` fields. If it doesn't have `files` or `include`, it will match
any path in its containing directory not exempted by `exclude`.
- For type-checking, each root path will be allocated compiler options
based on the first tsconfig it whose filter it matches from this list.
- Only if it doesn't match any tsconfig, it will fall back to using the
nearest `deno.json`. If it's a workspace member and the root `deno.json`
has `compilerOptions`, these will be merged using the same logic from
`extends`.

Inheritance between configs strictly occurs via `extends` in a
`tsconfig.json`, and between workspace member and root `deno.json`s'
`compilerOptions`. There is no implicit inheritance between
`tsconfig.json` and `deno.json`.

The default compiler options currently applied against tsconfigs are
Deno's normal defaults, with the exception of `lib`. The default value
for `lib` is `["deno.window", "deno.unstable", "dom"]` for files in the
scope of a tsconfig with `lib` unspecified. This behaviour is depended
on by, for example, the template project created by `create-vite ->
svelte`. I expect we'll add more such exceptions over time with other
fields.

cli/tools/compile.rs

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ pub async fn compile_eszip(
   let cli_options = factory.cli_options()?;
   let module_graph_creator = factory.module_graph_creator().await?;
   let parsed_source_cache = factory.parsed_source_cache();
-  let tsconfig_resolver = factory.tsconfig_resolver()?;
+  let compiler_options_resolver = factory.compiler_options_resolver()?;
   let bin_name_resolver = factory.bin_name_resolver()?;
   let entrypoint = cli_options.resolve_main_module()?;
   let mut output_path = resolve_compile_executable_output_path(
@@ -203,8 +203,9 @@ pub async fn compile_eszip(
     graph
   };
 
-  let transpile_and_emit_options = tsconfig_resolver
-    .transpile_and_emit_options(cli_options.workspace().root_dir())?;
+  let transpile_and_emit_options = compiler_options_resolver
+    .for_specifier(cli_options.workspace().root_dir())
+    .transpile_options()?;
   let transpile_options = transpile_and_emit_options.transpile.clone();
   let emit_options = transpile_and_emit_options.emit.clone();