Make bundles fully standalone (#3325)

- Bundles are fully standalone. They now include the shared loader with
  `deno_typescript`.
- Refactor of the loader in `deno_typescript` to perform module
  instantiation in a more
- Change of behaviour when an output file is not specified on the CLI.
  Previously a default name was determined and the bundle written to that
  file, now the bundle will be sent to `stdout`.
- Refactors in the TypeScript compiler to be able to support the concept
  of a request type.  This provides a cleaner abstraction and makes it
  easier to support things like single module transpiles to the userland.
- Remove a "dangerous" circular dependency between `os.ts` and `deno.ts`,
  and define `pid` and `noColor` in a better way.
- Don't bind early to `console` in `repl.ts`.
- Add an integration test for generating a bundle.

cli/js/util.ts

@@ -223,3 +223,33 @@ export function splitNumberToParts(n: number): number[] {
   const higher = (n - lower) / 0x100000000;
   return [lower, higher];
 }
+
+/** Return the common path shared by the `paths`.
+ *
+ * @param paths The set of paths to compare.
+ * @param sep An optional separator to use. Defaults to `/`.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function commonPath(paths: string[], sep = "/"): string {
+  const [first = "", ...remaining] = paths;
+  if (first === "" || remaining.length === 0) {
+    return "";
+  }
+  const parts = first.split(sep);
+
+  let endOfPrefix = parts.length;
+  for (const path of remaining) {
+    const compare = path.split(sep);
+    for (let i = 0; i < endOfPrefix; i++) {
+      if (compare[i] !== parts[i]) {
+        endOfPrefix = i;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (endOfPrefix === 0) {
+      return "";
+    }
+  }
+  const prefix = parts.slice(0, endOfPrefix).join(sep);
+  return prefix.endsWith(sep) ? prefix : `${prefix}${sep}`;
+}