refactor(ext/node): untangle dependencies between js files (#18284)

Moving some code around in `ext/node` is it's a bit better well defined
and makes it possible for others to embed it.

I expect to see no difference in startup perf with this change.

ext/node/polyfills/00_globals.js

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2023 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+// deno-lint-ignore-file
+
+const primordials = globalThis.__bootstrap.primordials;
+const {
+  ArrayPrototypeFilter,
+  Proxy,
+  ReflectDefineProperty,
+  ReflectDeleteProperty,
+  ReflectGet,
+  ReflectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor,
+  ReflectHas,
+  ReflectOwnKeys,
+  ReflectSet,
+  Set,
+  SetPrototypeHas,
+} = primordials;
+
+const nodeGlobals = {};
+const nodeGlobalThis = new Proxy(globalThis, {
+  get(target, prop) {
+    if (ReflectHas(nodeGlobals, prop)) {
+      return ReflectGet(nodeGlobals, prop);
+    } else {
+      return ReflectGet(target, prop);
+    }
+  },
+  set(target, prop, value) {
+    if (ReflectHas(nodeGlobals, prop)) {
+      return ReflectSet(nodeGlobals, prop, value);
+    } else {
+      return ReflectSet(target, prop, value);
+    }
+  },
+  has(target, prop) {
+    return ReflectHas(nodeGlobals, prop) || ReflectHas(target, prop);
+  },
+  deleteProperty(target, prop) {
+    const nodeDeleted = ReflectDeleteProperty(nodeGlobals, prop);
+    const targetDeleted = ReflectDeleteProperty(target, prop);
+    return nodeDeleted || targetDeleted;
+  },
+  ownKeys(target) {
+    const targetKeys = ReflectOwnKeys(target);
+    const nodeGlobalsKeys = ReflectOwnKeys(nodeGlobals);
+    const nodeGlobalsKeySet = new Set(nodeGlobalsKeys);
+    return [
+      ...ArrayPrototypeFilter(
+        targetKeys,
+        (k) => !SetPrototypeHas(nodeGlobalsKeySet, k),
+      ),
+      ...nodeGlobalsKeys,
+    ];
+  },
+  defineProperty(target, prop, desc) {
+    if (ReflectHas(nodeGlobals, prop)) {
+      return ReflectDefineProperty(nodeGlobals, prop, desc);
+    } else {
+      return ReflectDefineProperty(target, prop, desc);
+    }
+  },
+  getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, prop) {
+    if (ReflectHas(nodeGlobals, prop)) {
+      return ReflectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(nodeGlobals, prop);
+    } else {
+      return ReflectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, prop);
+    }
+  },
+});
+
+export { nodeGlobals, nodeGlobalThis };