refactor(ext/node): untangle dependencies between js files (#18284)

Moving some code around in `ext/node` is it's a bit better well defined
and makes it possible for others to embed it.

I expect to see no difference in startup perf with this change.

ext/node/polyfills/02_init.js

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2023 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+// deno-lint-ignore-file
+
+const internals = globalThis.__bootstrap.internals;
+const requireImpl = internals.requireImpl;
+const primordials = globalThis.__bootstrap.primordials;
+const { ObjectDefineProperty } = primordials;
+import { nodeGlobals, nodeGlobalThis } from "ext:deno_node/00_globals.js";
+import "ext:deno_node/01_require.js";
+
+let initialized = false;
+
+function initialize(
+  nodeGlobalThisName,
+  usesLocalNodeModulesDir,
+  argv0,
+) {
+  if (initialized) {
+    throw Error("Node runtime already initialized");
+  }
+  initialized = true;
+  if (usesLocalNodeModulesDir) {
+    requireImpl.setUsesLocalNodeModulesDir();
+  }
+  const nativeModuleExports = requireImpl.nativeModuleExports;
+  nodeGlobals.Buffer = nativeModuleExports["buffer"].Buffer;
+  nodeGlobals.clearImmediate = nativeModuleExports["timers"].clearImmediate;
+  nodeGlobals.clearInterval = nativeModuleExports["timers"].clearInterval;
+  nodeGlobals.clearTimeout = nativeModuleExports["timers"].clearTimeout;
+  nodeGlobals.console = nativeModuleExports["console"];
+  nodeGlobals.global = nodeGlobalThis;
+  nodeGlobals.process = nativeModuleExports["process"];
+  nodeGlobals.setImmediate = nativeModuleExports["timers"].setImmediate;
+  nodeGlobals.setInterval = nativeModuleExports["timers"].setInterval;
+  nodeGlobals.setTimeout = nativeModuleExports["timers"].setTimeout;
+
+  // add a hidden global for the esm code to use in order to reliably
+  // get node's globalThis
+  ObjectDefineProperty(globalThis, nodeGlobalThisName, {
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: false,
+    value: nodeGlobalThis,
+  });
+  // FIXME(bartlomieju): not nice to depend on `Deno` namespace here
+  // but it's the only way to get `args` and `version` and this point.
+  internals.__bootstrapNodeProcess(argv0, Deno.args, Deno.version);
+  // `Deno[Deno.internal].requireImpl` will be unreachable after this line.
+  delete internals.requireImpl;
+}
+
+function loadCjsModule(moduleName, isMain, inspectBrk) {
+  if (inspectBrk) {
+    requireImpl.setInspectBrk();
+  }
+  requireImpl.Module._load(moduleName, null, { main: isMain });
+}
+
+internals.node = {
+  initialize,
+  loadCjsModule,
+};