Update to zh_TW doc to put translation badges

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Cai Bingjun 2022-09-06 20:13:44 +08:00
parent 11b2e31327
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186 changed files with 374 additions and 12 deletions

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# 內置常量 # 內置常量
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/consts.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/consts.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## True ## True
## False ## False

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# 功能 # 功能
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/funcs.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/funcs.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 基本功能 ## 基本功能
### if|T; U|(cond: Bool, then: T, else: U) -> T or U ### if|T; U|(cond: Bool, then: T, else: U) -> T or U

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/index.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/index.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# 結構 # 結構
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/modules/external/alstruct.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/modules/external/alstruct.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
模塊為它們提供代表代數結構和補丁的特征 模塊為它們提供代表代數結構和補丁的特征
* 成員 * 成員

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# 模塊`repl` # 模塊`repl`
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/modules/repl.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/modules/repl.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
提供REPL(Read-Eval-Print-Loop)相關的API。 提供REPL(Read-Eval-Print-Loop)相關的API。
## 功能 ## 功能

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# 模塊`status` # 模塊`status`
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/modules/status.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/modules/status.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
定義了一個類型來表示狀態。請根據情況刪除選項來使用它 定義了一個類型來表示狀態。請根據情況刪除選項來使用它
* ExecResult = {"success", "warning", "failure", "fatal", "unknown"} * ExecResult = {"success", "warning", "failure", "fatal", "unknown"}

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# 模塊`unit` # 模塊`unit`
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/modules/unit.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/modules/unit.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
`unit` 模塊是將數值計算中經常使用的單位定義為類型的模塊。 `unit` 模塊是將數值計算中經常使用的單位定義為類型的模塊。
Erg 數值類型包括 `Nat``Int``Ratio` 等。但是,這些類型沒有關于“數字的含義”的信息,因此可以執行諸如添加米和碼之類的無意義計算。 Erg 數值類型包括 `Nat``Int``Ratio` 等。但是,這些類型沒有關于“數字的含義”的信息,因此可以執行諸如添加米和碼之類的無意義計算。
通過使用 `unit` 模塊,您可以避免錯誤,例如將不同單位的數字傳遞給函數。 通過使用 `unit` 模塊,您可以避免錯誤,例如將不同單位的數字傳遞給函數。

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# 模塊 `unsound` # 模塊 `unsound`
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/modules/unsound.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/modules/unsound.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
讓 API 執行在 Erg 的類型系統中無法保證的不健全和不安全的操作。 讓 API 執行在 Erg 的類型系統中無法保證的不健全和不安全的操作。
## `unsafe!` ## `unsafe!`

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# 操作員 # 操作員
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/operators.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/operators.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## 中綴運算符 ## 中綴運算符
### `_+_`|R; O; A <: Add(R, O)|(x: A, y: R) -> O ### `_+_`|R; O; A <: Add(R, O)|(x: A, y: R) -> O

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# 過程 # 過程
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/procs.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/procs.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## print! ## print!
```python ```python

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# 特殊形式 # 特殊形式
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/special.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/special.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
特殊形式是不能在 Erg 類型系統中表達的運算符、子程序(等等)。它被`包圍,但實際上無法捕獲。 特殊形式是不能在 Erg 類型系統中表達的運算符、子程序(等等)。它被`包圍,但實際上無法捕獲。
此外為方便起見還出現了“Pattern”、“Body”和“Conv”等類型但不存在此類類型。它的含義也取決于上下文。 此外為方便起見還出現了“Pattern”、“Body”和“Conv”等類型但不存在此類類型。它的含義也取決于上下文。

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# 內置 Erg 類型列表 # 內置 Erg 類型列表
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
類型本身的屬性不存儲在 `.__dict__` 中,不能從實例中引用 類型本身的屬性不存儲在 `.__dict__` 中,不能從實例中引用
## 基本類型 ## 基本類型

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# Array! T # Array! T
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Array!(T).md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Array!(T).md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示可變長度數組的類型。在編譯時長度未知時使用。 有一個語法糖叫做` [t]!`。在`Array! T = ArrayWithMutLength! T, !_`中被定義 表示可變長度數組的類型。在編譯時長度未知時使用。 有一個語法糖叫做` [t]!`。在`Array! T = ArrayWithMutLength! T, !_`中被定義

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# Array T: Type # Array T: Type
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Array(T).md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Array(T).md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
`Array T = ArrayWithLen T, _`定義。 有一種語法糖叫做`[T]` `Array T = ArrayWithLen T, _`定義。 有一種語法糖叫做`[T]`

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# ArrayWithLen T: Type, N: Nat # ArrayWithLen T: Type, N: Nat
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/ArrayWithLen(T,N).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/ArrayWithLen(T,N).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
`[T; N]`是語法糖。還有一個[`Array` 類型](./Array.md)省略了長度。 `[T; N]`是語法糖。還有一個[`Array` 類型](./Array.md)省略了長度。
## 方法 ## 方法

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# ArrayWithMutLength! T: Type, N: Nat&excl; # ArrayWithMutLength! T: Type, N: Nat&excl;
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/ArrayWithMutLength!(T,N).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/ArrayWithMutLength!(T,N).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
一個可變長度數組,其長度在編譯時已知。還有語法糖`ArrayWithMutLength(T, !N) == [T; !N]` 一個可變長度數組,其長度在編譯時已知。還有語法糖`ArrayWithMutLength(T, !N) == [T; !N]`
## 方法 ## 方法

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Class.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Class.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Complex # Complex
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Complex.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Complex.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示復數的類型。在 Erg 中表示數字的類型,例如 Float、Int和Nat通常派生于Complex 表示復數的類型。在 Erg 中表示數字的類型,例如 Float、Int和Nat通常派生于Complex
## 父類 ## 父類

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# Dict! K, V # Dict! K, V
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Dict!.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Dict!.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示字典(哈希Map)的類型。 有一個語法糖叫做`{K: V}` 表示字典(哈希Map)的類型。 有一個語法糖叫做`{K: V}`
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Either L, R = L or R # Either L, R = L or R
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Either.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Either.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示L或R的類型。 您可以將其視為Or類型的二元形式 表示L或R的類型。 您可以將其視為Or類型的二元形式
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Float size # Float size
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Float.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Float.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示實數(包含小數的數)的類型。符合IEEE 754的浮點數在其他語言中一般是float的類型。 表示實數(包含小數的數)的類型。符合IEEE 754的浮點數在其他語言中一般是float的類型。
Float的大小為8(1byte)~128(16byte)。如果只是Float則表示`Float64` Float的大小為8(1byte)~128(16byte)。如果只是Float則表示`Float64`
Erg 中的 0.1 實際上屬于 Ratio 類型,而不是 Float 類型。沒有浮點類型字面量,它是由 `(Ratio object)f64` 生成的(例如 (1/2)f64, 15f64)。 f64 對應實數 1 Erg 中的 0.1 實際上屬于 Ratio 類型,而不是 Float 類型。沒有浮點類型字面量,它是由 `(Ratio object)f64` 生成的(例如 (1/2)f64, 15f64)。 f64 對應實數 1

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# Function N: Nat # Function N: Nat
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Function(N).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Function(N).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## Function 1 的方法 ## Function 1 的方法
* then(self, g: Self) -> Self * then(self, g: Self) -> Self

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# Inf # Inf
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Inf.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Inf.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
Inf是一個類其唯一實例是inf。 Inf是一個類其唯一實例是inf。
inf的主要用途是用于區間類型。 inf的主要用途是用于區間類型。
例如,大于等于 2 的整數類型是 `2..<inf`,小于等于 0 的實數是 `-inf<..0.0` 例如,大于等于 2 的整數類型是 `2..<inf`,小于等于 0 的實數是 `-inf<..0.0`

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# Int # Int
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Int.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Int.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示整數的類。 實例為 0、1、-1、300000 等。 表示整數的類。 實例為 0、1、-1、300000 等。
很多語言即使在表示自然數的時候也使用Int(類型等價于)但是Erg使用了使用更小的類型的原則 很多語言即使在表示自然數的時候也使用Int(類型等價于)但是Erg使用了使用更小的類型的原則
建議使用 Nat、NZInt、Interval 類型等。 建議使用 Nat、NZInt、Interval 類型等。

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# IntRange L, R # IntRange L, R
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/IntRange.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/IntRange.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
`L..R`のクラス。 `L..R`のクラス。
```python ```python

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# Interval begin, end := WellOrder # Interval begin, end := WellOrder
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Interval.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Interval.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
表示有序集合類型 (WellOrder) 的子類型的類型。Interval 類型具有派生類型,例如 PreOpen(x<..y) 表示有序集合類型 (WellOrder) 的子類型的類型。Interval 類型具有派生類型,例如 PreOpen(x<..y)
```python ```python

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Iterator.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Iterator.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Kind N: Nat # Kind N: Nat
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Kind(N).md%26commit_hash%3D51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Kind(N).md&commit_hash=51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)
```python ```python
Kind N: Nat = (Type; N) -> Type Kind N: Nat = (Type; N) -> Type
``` ```

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# Matrix T: Num, Shape: [M, N] # Matrix T: Num, Shape: [M, N]
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Matrix.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Matrix.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示矩陣的類型。 它繼承自 Tensor[M, N] 表示矩陣的類型。 它繼承自 Tensor[M, N]
## 定義 ## 定義

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# Module # Module
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Module.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Module.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Nat # Nat
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Nat.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Nat.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
表示自然數的類型。 用于數組索引和范圍類型 表示自然數的類型。 用于數組索引和范圍類型
## 定義 ## 定義

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# Neg # Neg
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Neg.md%26commit_hash%3D290c43b09f7c3036112a164bed5fd07a1f6a5cda)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Neg.md&commit_hash=290c43b09f7c3036112a164bed5fd07a1f6a5cda)
表示負整數的類型。 Pos和Neg和{0} == Int 表示負整數的類型。 Pos和Neg和{0} == Int
它還具有一些值得注意的屬性,例如不被零除和 Neg * Neg == Pos 它還具有一些值得注意的屬性,例如不被零除和 Neg * Neg == Pos

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# Never # Never
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Never.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Never.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
它是所有類型的子類型。 它是一個`Class`,因為它擁有所有的方法,當然還有 `.new`。但是它沒有實例并且Erg會在即將創建的那一刻停止。 它是所有類型的子類型。 它是一個`Class`,因為它擁有所有的方法,當然還有 `.new`。但是它沒有實例并且Erg會在即將創建的那一刻停止。
還有一種叫做`Panic`的類型沒有實例,但是`Never`用于正常終止或故意無限循環,`Panic`用于異常終止。 還有一種叫做`Panic`的類型沒有實例,但是`Never`用于正常終止或故意無限循環,`Panic`用于異常終止。

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# NonZero N # NonZero N
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/NonZero.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/NonZero.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示非零數的類。 保證除零的安全性 表示非零數的類。 保證除零的安全性
```mermaid ```mermaid

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# Object # Object
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Object.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Object.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
它是所有類型的超類型 它是所有類型的超類型
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Operator [...T], O # Operator [...T], O
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Operator.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Operator.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
是運算符的類型 是運算符的類型
## 定義 ## 定義

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# Option T = T or NoneType # Option T = T or NoneType
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Option.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Option.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
表示“可能失敗”的類型。 表示“可能失敗”的類型。
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Pos # Pos
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Pos.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Pos.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
Pos是一種表示正數(大于或等于1的整數)的類型。 Pos是一種表示正數(大于或等于1的整數)的類型。
由于不包括0因此具有消除被零除的可能性等優點。 由于不包括0因此具有消除被零除的可能性等優點。

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# Ratio # Ratio
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Ratio.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Ratio.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示有理數的類型。 它主要用于當您要使用分數時。 表示有理數的類型。 它主要用于當您要使用分數時。
實際上Erg中的/運算符返回 Ratio。1/3等不被評估為 0.33333... 并且被處理為1/3。 此外0.1 相當于 1/10。 所以`0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3`。 這聽起來很明顯,但在 Python中它是False。 實際上Erg中的/運算符返回 Ratio。1/3等不被評估為 0.33333... 并且被處理為1/3。 此外0.1 相當于 1/10。 所以`0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3`。 這聽起來很明顯,但在 Python中它是False。
但是Ratio類型的效率往往比Float類型略低。 在執行速度很重要且不需要精確數值的地方應該使用浮點類型。 然而正如Rob Pike所說過早優化是萬惡之源。 在丟棄Ratio類型并使用Float類型之前請進行真實的性能測試。 業余愛好者無條件偏愛較輕的模具。 但是Ratio類型的效率往往比Float類型略低。 在執行速度很重要且不需要精確數值的地方應該使用浮點類型。 然而正如Rob Pike所說過早優化是萬惡之源。 在丟棄Ratio類型并使用Float類型之前請進行真實的性能測試。 業余愛好者無條件偏愛較輕的模具。

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# Record # Record
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Record.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Record.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
記錄所屬的類。例如,`{i = 1}``Structural {i = Int}` 類型的元素,并且是`{i = Int}` 類的實例 記錄所屬的類。例如,`{i = 1}``Structural {i = Int}` 類型的元素,并且是`{i = Int}` 類的實例
請注意,其他類的實例是記錄類型的元素,而不是記錄類的實例 請注意,其他類的實例是記錄類型的元素,而不是記錄類的實例

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# Result T, E # Result T, E
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Result.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Result.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
```python ```python
Result T, E <: Error = Either T, E Result T, E <: Error = Either T, E
``` ```

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# StrWithLen! N: Nat! = Inherit StrWithLen N # StrWithLen! N: Nat! = Inherit StrWithLen N
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Str!.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Str!.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示可變長度字符串的類型 表示可變長度字符串的類型

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# Str # Str
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Str.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Str.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
(不變長度)表示字符串的類型。 簡單的 `Str` 類型是刪除了字符數的 `StrWithLen N` 類型(`Str = StrWithLen _`) (不變長度)表示字符串的類型。 簡單的 `Str` 類型是刪除了字符數的 `StrWithLen N` 類型(`Str = StrWithLen _`)
## 方法 ## 方法

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/StrWithLen.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/StrWithLen.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Subroutine # Subroutine
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Subroutine.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Subroutine.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
Func和Proc的基本類型。 Func和Proc的基本類型。
## 方法 ## 方法

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# Tensor Shape: [Nat; N] # Tensor Shape: [Nat; N]
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Tensor.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Tensor.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
用于有效操作多維數組的類。 它還定義了諸如多維數組上的乘法之類的操作 用于有效操作多維數組的類。 它還定義了諸如多維數組上的乘法之類的操作
Matrix、Vector 等都繼承自該類型 Matrix、Vector 等都繼承自該類型

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# TransCell! T: Type! # TransCell! T: Type!
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/TransCell(T).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/TransCell(T).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
它是一個單元格,其內容可以針對每個模具進行更改。 由于它是T類型的子類型因此它也表現為T類型 它是一個單元格,其內容可以針對每個模具進行更改。 由于它是T類型的子類型因此它也表現為T類型
當它在初始化時輸入T時很有用并且在某個點之后總是輸入U 當它在初始化時輸入T時很有用并且在某個點之后總是輸入U

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# Tuple T: ...Type # Tuple T: ...Type
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Tuple.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Tuple.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
包含多種類型對象的集合 包含多種類型對象的集合
## 方法 ## 方法

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Type.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Type.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Vector T: Num, N: Nat # Vector T: Num, N: Nat
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/classes/Vector.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/classes/Vector.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
表示向量的類型。與同名的Rust和C++類型不同,這種類型只處理數字。 表示向量的類型。與同名的Rust和C++類型不同,這種類型只處理數字。

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# BinOp L, R, O # BinOp L, R, O
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/patches/BinOp.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/patches/BinOp.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
二元運算符的類型 二元運算符的類型
## 修補程序 ## 修補程序

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# UnaryOp T, O # UnaryOp T, O
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/patches/UnaryOp.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/patches/UnaryOp.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
一元運算符的類型 一元運算符的類型
## 定義 ## 定義

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# Add R # Add R
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Add(R,O).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Add(R,O).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
```python ```python
Add R = Trait { Add R = Trait {
.AddO = Type .AddO = Type

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# Div R, O # Div R, O
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Div(R,O).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Div(R,O).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
如果除以零沒有錯誤請使用“SafeDiv” 如果除以零沒有錯誤請使用“SafeDiv”
```python ```python

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Eq.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Eq.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Into T # Into T
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Into.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Into.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
一種類型表明它可以被類型轉換為類型T。 一種類型表明它可以被類型轉換為類型T。
即使Self和T之間沒有繼承關系也是在關系可以相互轉換的時候定義的。 即使Self和T之間沒有繼承關系也是在關系可以相互轉換的時候定義的。
與繼承不同,沒有隱式轉換。您必須始終調用 `.into` 方法。 與繼承不同,沒有隱式轉換。您必須始終調用 `.into` 方法。

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Iterable.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Iterable.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Num # Num
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Num.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Num.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 定義初始化 ## 定義初始化
```python ```python

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Ord.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Ord.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# SafeDiv R, O # SafeDiv R, O
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/SafeDiv(R,O).md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/SafeDiv(R,O).md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
```python ```python
SafeDiv R, O = Subsume Div, { SafeDiv R, O = Subsume Div, {
@Override @Override

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# Sample # Sample
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Sample.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Sample.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
具有“隨機”選擇實例的`sample``sample!`方法的特征。`sample`方法總是返回相同的實例,而`sample!`方法返回一個隨機實例,該實例隨調用而變化 具有“隨機”選擇實例的`sample``sample!`方法的特征。`sample`方法總是返回相同的實例,而`sample!`方法返回一個隨機實例,該實例隨調用而變化
請注意,這是一個假設您想要一個適當的實例進行測試等的特征,并且它不一定是隨機的。 如果您想要隨機抽樣,請使用“隨機”模塊。 請注意,這是一個假設您想要一個適當的實例進行測試等的特征,并且它不一定是隨機的。 如果您想要隨機抽樣,請使用“隨機”模塊。

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Seq.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Seq.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Show.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Show.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# Unpack # Unpack
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/API/types/traits/Unpack.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/API/types/traits/Unpack.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
標記性狀。實現時,元素可以像記錄一樣通過模式匹配來分解 標記性狀。實現時,元素可以像記錄一樣通過模式匹配來分解
```python ```python

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# 提示(未實現) # 提示(未實現)
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/TODO_hint.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/TODO_hint.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
* `x 未定義`(x 已被`Del` 刪除)=> `提示:在第 X 行刪除` * `x 未定義`(x 已被`Del` 刪除)=> `提示:在第 X 行刪除`
*補丁方法重復:“提示:指定補丁(如`T.foo(1)`)或使用`Del`刪除任何`.foo` *補丁方法重復:“提示:指定補丁(如`T.foo(1)`)或使用`Del`刪除任何`.foo`

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# 錯誤恢復建議(尚未實現) # 錯誤恢復建議(尚未實現)
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/TODO_recov_suggest.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/TODO_recov_suggest.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
* `1 or 2`, `1 and 2` => `{1, 2}`? * `1 or 2`, `1 and 2` => `{1, 2}`?
* `U = Inherit T` => 非類類型不能被繼承,或者`U = Class T` * `U = Inherit T` => 非類類型不能被繼承,或者`U = Class T`
* `Int and Str` => 不允許多重繼承,或者`Int or Str` * `Int and Str` => 不允許多重繼承,或者`Int or Str`

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# 警告(尚未實現) # 警告(尚未實現)
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/TODO_warn.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/TODO_warn.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
* `t = {(record type)}` => `T = {(record type)}`?(只有定義為常量的類型才能用于類型說明) * `t = {(record type)}` => `T = {(record type)}`?(只有定義為常量的類型才能用于類型說明)
* `{I: Int | ...}!` => `{I: Int! | ...}` * `{I: Int | ...}!` => `{I: Int! | ...}`
* for/while 塊中的`return x`(`x != ()`) => `f::return`(外部塊) * for/while 塊中的`return x`(`x != ()`) => `f::return`(外部塊)

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# 廢棄/拒絕的語言規范 # 廢棄/拒絕的語言規范
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/abandoned.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/abandoned.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## 重載(臨時多態性) ## 重載(臨時多態性)
被放棄了,因為它可以用參數+子類型多態來代替并且與Python的語義不兼容。 有關詳細信息,請參閱 [overload](../syntax/type/overloading.md) 文章。 被放棄了,因為它可以用參數+子類型多態來代替并且與Python的語義不兼容。 有關詳細信息,請參閱 [overload](../syntax/type/overloading.md) 文章。

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# `ergc` 的架構 # `ergc` 的架構
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/architecture.md%26commit_hash%3Da711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/architecture.md&commit_hash=a711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)
## 1. 掃描 Erg 腳本 (.er) 并生成 `TokenStream` (parser/lex.rs) ## 1. 掃描 Erg 腳本 (.er) 并生成 `TokenStream` (parser/lex.rs)
* parser/lexer/Lexer 生成`TokenStream`(這是一個Token的迭代器TokenStream可以通過lexer.collect()生成) * parser/lexer/Lexer 生成`TokenStream`(這是一個Token的迭代器TokenStream可以通過lexer.collect()生成)

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# Erg Compiler Errors # Erg Compiler Errors
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/errors.md%26commit_hash%3D51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/errors.md&commit_hash=51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)
## AssignError ## AssignError
嘗試重寫不可變變量時發生 嘗試重寫不可變變量時發生

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# 高級中間表示(HIR, High-level Intermediate Representation) # 高級中間表示(HIR, High-level Intermediate Representation)
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/hir.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/hir.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
HIR 是 Erg 編譯器從 AST 生成的結構 HIR 是 Erg 編譯器從 AST 生成的結構
此結構包含源代碼中每個表達式的完整類型信息,并且在語法上已脫糖 此結構包含源代碼中每個表達式的完整類型信息,并且在語法上已脫糖
AST與源代碼一一對應(純文本)但是HIR去掉了不必要的代碼信息添加了省略的類型信息所以HIR可以轉換為源代碼很難恢復 AST與源代碼一一對應(純文本)但是HIR去掉了不必要的代碼信息添加了省略的類型信息所以HIR可以轉換為源代碼很難恢復

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/index.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/index.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)

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# 類型推斷算法 # 類型推斷算法
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/inference.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/inference.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
> __Warning__:此部分正在編輯中,可能包含一些錯誤 > __Warning__:此部分正在編輯中,可能包含一些錯誤
顯示了下面使用的符號 顯示了下面使用的符號

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# `erg` 概覽 # `erg` 概覽
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/overview.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/overview.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
我們將介紹每一層的功能以及特別重要的功能和方法。 我們將介紹每一層的功能以及特別重要的功能和方法。
## 1. 詞法分析 ## 1. 詞法分析

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# 解析 Erg 語言 # 解析 Erg 語言
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/parsing.md%26commit_hash%3D51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/parsing.md&commit_hash=51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)
## 空格的處理 ## 空格的處理
Erg語法的一個特點是它對空間敏感。 Erg語法的一個特點是它對空間敏感。

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# 篩子類型 # 篩子類型
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/refinement_subtyping.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/refinement_subtyping.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
```python ```python
{I: Int | I >= 0} {I: Int | I >= 0}
{S: StrWithLen N | N >= 1} {S: StrWithLen N | N >= 1}

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# 解決補丁方法 # 解決補丁方法
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/trait_method_resolving.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/trait_method_resolving.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
`Nat` 是零個或多個`Int``Int` 的子類型。 `Nat` 是零個或多個`Int``Int` 的子類型。
`Nat` 在 Python 類層次結構中不存在。 我想知道 Erg 是如何解決這個補丁方法的? `Nat` 在 Python 類層次結構中不存在。 我想知道 Erg 是如何解決這個補丁方法的?

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# Erg 代碼如何轉譯成 Python 代碼? # Erg 代碼如何轉譯成 Python 代碼?
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/transpile.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/transpile.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
準確地說Erg 代碼被轉譯為 Python 字節碼。 準確地說Erg 代碼被轉譯為 Python 字節碼。
但是,由于 Python 字節碼幾乎可以重構為 Python 代碼,因此這里以等效的 Python 代碼為例。 但是,由于 Python 字節碼幾乎可以重構為 Python 代碼,因此這里以等效的 Python 代碼為例。
順便說一句,這里展示的示例是低優化級別。 順便說一句,這里展示的示例是低優化級別。

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# 歸一化 # 歸一化
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/compiler/type_var_normalization.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/compiler/type_var_normalization.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
* Erg 的類型參數規范化基于 SymPy 的簡化函數。 * Erg 的類型參數規范化基于 SymPy 的簡化函數。
例如,當您定義 `concat: |T, M, N|([T; M], [T; N] -> [T; M+N])` 時,您可以匹配類型變量和參數而無需實例化它們.必須作出判斷。 例如,當您定義 `concat: |T, M, N|([T; M], [T; N] -> [T; M+N])` 時,您可以匹配類型變量和參數而無需實例化它們.必須作出判斷。

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# 分支機構命名和運營策略 # 分支機構命名和運營策略
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/branches.md%26commit_hash%3Da711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/branches.md&commit_hash=a711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)
## main ## main
* 主要開發分支 * 主要開發分支

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# `erg` 構建功能 # `erg` 構建功能
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/build_features.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/build_features.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 調試 ## 調試
進入調試模式。結果Erg 內部的行為順序顯示在日志中。 進入調試模式。結果Erg 內部的行為順序顯示在日志中。

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# Erg存儲表結構 # Erg存儲表結構
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/directories.md%26commit_hash%3Da711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/directories.md&commit_hash=a711efa99b325ba1012f6897e7b0e2bdb947d8a1)
```console ```console
└─┬ assets圖片等 └─┬ assets圖片等
├─ CODE_OF_CONDUCT行為準則 ├─ CODE_OF_CONDUCT行為準則

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# 格式 # 格式
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/doc_guideline.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/doc_guideline.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
任何不符合以下規則的文件都將得到更正。 任何不符合以下規則的文件都將得到更正。
* 以某種語氣寫代碼注釋或內部文檔。 * 以某種語氣寫代碼注釋或內部文檔。

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# 開發環境 # 開發環境
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/env.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/env.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## 你需要安裝什么 ## 你需要安裝什么
* Rust(與 rustup 一起安裝) * Rust(與 rustup 一起安裝)

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# Erg design's "Why" and Answers # Erg design's "Why" and Answers
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/faq_syntax.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/faq_syntax.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 當我們有所有權系統時,為什么要與 GC 共存? ## 當我們有所有權系統時,為什么要與 GC 共存?
因為 Erg 推出所有權系統的動機并不是為了 Rust 那樣的“不依賴 GC 的內存管理”。最初,由于 Erg 是一種語言,目前使用 Python VM因此最終仍使用 GC。Erg 引入產權系統的目標是“可變狀態的局部化”。在 Erg 中,可變對象具有所有權概念。這是根據共享可變狀態容易成為 bug 的溫床,甚至是類型安全性的侵犯(詳見)來判斷的。 因為 Erg 推出所有權系統的動機并不是為了 Rust 那樣的“不依賴 GC 的內存管理”。最初,由于 Erg 是一種語言,目前使用 Python VM因此最終仍使用 GC。Erg 引入產權系統的目標是“可變狀態的局部化”。在 Erg 中,可變對象具有所有權概念。這是根據共享可變狀態容易成為 bug 的溫床,甚至是類型安全性的侵犯(詳見)來判斷的。
@ -48,7 +50,6 @@ assert S.i == Int
在 Erg 中,運算符使你可以在不太注意錯誤的情況下編寫。 在 Erg 中,運算符使你可以在不太注意錯誤的情況下編寫。
```python ```python
read_file!() = read_file!() =
f = open!("foo.txt")? # 如果失敗則立即返回錯誤,所以 f 是文件類型 f = open!("foo.txt")? # 如果失敗則立即返回錯誤,所以 f 是文件類型
@ -77,7 +78,6 @@ Python 的庫中有一些類設計為繼承,如果完全取消繼承,這些
默認情況下,指向結構托盤會使類型指定變得復雜,并且可能會混合程序員的非預期行為。 默認情況下,指向結構托盤會使類型指定變得復雜,并且可能會混合程序員的非預期行為。
```python ```python
# 如果 T 是結構特征的子類型... # 如果 T 是結構特征的子類型...
# f: |T <: Structural Trait {.`_+_` = Self.(Self) -> Self; .`_-_` = Self.(Self) -> Self}| (T, T) -> T # f: |T <: Structural Trait {.`_+_` = Self.(Self) -> Self; .`_-_` = Self.(Self) -> Self}| (T, T) -> T

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# 多語言錯誤信息 # 多語言錯誤信息
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/i18n_messages.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/i18n_messages.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
Erg 正在推動消息(開始、選項、文檔、提示、警告、錯誤消息等)的多語言化。如果你不熟悉 Rust 或 Erg也可以參與此項目。請務必配合。 Erg 正在推動消息(開始、選項、文檔、提示、警告、錯誤消息等)的多語言化。如果你不熟悉 Rust 或 Erg也可以參與此項目。請務必配合。
以下是多語種方法的說明。 以下是多語種方法的說明。

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/index.md%26commit_hash%3D7d43acdf0e2b71528b038b9a8e70be6c93831f96)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/index.md&commit_hash=7d43acdf0e2b71528b038b9a8e70be6c93831f96)

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# Rust 代碼指南 # Rust 代碼指南
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/rust_code_guideline.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/rust_code_guideline.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
## 本地規則 ## 本地規則
* 使用 `log!` 進行調試輸出(使用 `println!` 等進行輸出處理,這也是發布所必需的)。 * 使用 `log!` 進行調試輸出(使用 `println!` 等進行輸出處理,這也是發布所必需的)。

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# 詞匯表 # 詞匯表
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/terms.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/terms.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 象征 ## 象征
### &excl; ### &excl;

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# 術語統一 # 術語統一
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/dev_guide/unify_terms.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/dev_guide/unify_terms.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 可訪問性,可見性 ## 可訪問性,可見性
使用可見性。 使用可見性。

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# Erg常見問題 # Erg常見問題
此常見問題解答適用于一般 Erg 初學者。 [![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/faq_general.md%26commit_hash%3Deccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/faq_general.md&commit_hash=eccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)
對于個別(常見)技術問題,請參閱 [此處](./faq_technical.md) 了解個別(常見)技術問題,以及
[這里](./dev_guide/faq_syntax.md) 了解更多信息。 This FAQ is intended for the general Erg beginner.
For individual (common) technical issues, please refer to [here](./faq_technical.md) for individual (common) technical issues, and
[Here](./dev_guide/faq_syntax.md) for more information.
## Erg 是 Python 兼容語言是什么意思? ## Erg 是 Python 兼容語言是什么意思?

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# 技術常見問題 # 技術常見問題
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/faq_technical.md%26commit_hash%3Dc120700585fdb1d655255c8e2817bb13cc8d369e)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/faq_technical.md&commit_hash=c120700585fdb1d655255c8e2817bb13cc8d369e)
本節回答有關使用 Erg 語言的技術問題。換句話說,它包含以 What 或 Which 開頭的問題,以及可以用 Yes/No 回答的問題。 本節回答有關使用 Erg 語言的技術問題。換句話說,它包含以 What 或 Which 開頭的問題,以及可以用 Yes/No 回答的問題。

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# Python 的改進 # Python 的改進
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/improved_points.md%26commit_hash%3Deccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/improved_points.md&commit_hash=eccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)
## 執行靜態分析(靜態類型檢查、變量和屬性檢查) ## 執行靜態分析(靜態類型檢查、變量和屬性檢查)
靜態類型檢查的好處現在怎么強調都不為過,但是檢查變量和屬性的存在也是相當重要的一部分。 靜態類型檢查的好處現在怎么強調都不為過,但是檢查變量和屬性的存在也是相當重要的一部分。

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# 索引 # 索引
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/index.md%26commit_hash%3Deccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/index.md&commit_hash=eccd113c1512076c367fb87ea73406f91ff83ba7)
## [API/](./API/index.md) ## [API/](./API/index.md)
本節介紹 Erg 的內置或標準庫提供的子程序、類型、常量等的規范。 本節介紹 Erg 的內置或標準庫提供的子程序、類型、常量等的規范。

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# 從 Python 遷移到 Erg 的提示 # 從 Python 遷移到 Erg 的提示
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/migration_from_py.md%26commit_hash%3D06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/migration_from_py.md&commit_hash=06f8edc9e2c0cee34f6396fd7c64ec834ffb5352)
## 我想將字符串轉換為 int 等。 ## 我想將字符串轉換為 int 等。
使用 `Str` 類的 `parse` 方法。 它返回一個 `Result` 類型。 使用 `Str` 類的 `parse` 方法。 它返回一個 `Result` 類型。

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# Python 字節碼指令 # Python 字節碼指令
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/python/bytecode_instructions.md%26commit_hash%3Dd15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/python/bytecode_instructions.md&commit_hash=d15cbbf7b33df0f78a575cff9679d84c36ea3ab1)
Python 字節碼變量操作命令通過 名稱索引(名稱索引)訪問。 這是為了在 Python 中實現動態變量訪問(可以使用 eval 等作為字符串訪問)。 Python 字節碼變量操作命令通過 名稱索引(名稱索引)訪問。 這是為了在 Python 中實現動態變量訪問(可以使用 eval 等作為字符串訪問)。
一條指令為 2 個字節,指令和參數以 little endian 形式存儲。 一條指令為 2 個字節,指令和參數以 little endian 形式存儲。
不帶參數的指令也使用 2 個字節(參數部分為 0)。 不帶參數的指令也使用 2 個字節(參數部分為 0)。

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# Python bytecode specification # Python bytecode specification
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/python/bytecode_specification.md%26commit_hash%3D9f6a4a43fcf7e4f58cabe6e5a7546820fd9f5ff4)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/python/bytecode_specification.md&commit_hash=9f6a4a43fcf7e4f58cabe6e5a7546820fd9f5ff4)
## Format ## Format
* 0~3 byte(u32): magic number (see common/bytecode.rs for details) * 0~3 byte(u32): magic number (see common/bytecode.rs for details)
@ -70,7 +72,6 @@
* 1~4 byte: length of string * 1~4 byte: length of string
* 5~ byte: payload * 5~ byte: payload
# Python 字節碼規范 # Python 字節碼規范
## 格式 ## 格式

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# Python 類系統(與 Erg 比較) # Python 類系統(與 Erg 比較)
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/python/class_system.md%26commit_hash%3D51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/python/class_system.md&commit_hash=51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)
## 方法 ## 方法
方法可以被前向引用,但這不是一種特殊的技術。 方法可以被前向引用,但這不是一種特殊的技術。

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[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/python/index.md%26commit_hash%3D9f6a4a43fcf7e4f58cabe6e5a7546820fd9f5ff4)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/python/index.md&commit_hash=9f6a4a43fcf7e4f58cabe6e5a7546820fd9f5ff4)

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# 基本 # 基本
[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/syntax/00_basic.md%26commit_hash%3D51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/syntax/00_basic.md&commit_hash=51de3c9d5a9074241f55c043b9951b384836b258)
> __Warning__:本文檔不完整。 它未經校對(樣式、正確鏈接、誤譯等)。 此外Erg 的語法可能在版本 0.* 期間發生破壞性更改,并且文檔可能沒有相應更新。 請事先了解這一點。 > __Warning__:本文檔不完整。 它未經校對(樣式、正確鏈接、誤譯等)。 此外Erg 的語法可能在版本 0.* 期間發生破壞性更改,并且文檔可能沒有相應更新。 請事先了解這一點。
> 如果您在本文檔中發現任何錯誤,請報告至 [此處的表單](https://forms.gle/HtLYRfYzWCAaeTGb6) 或 [GitHub repo](https://github.com/mtshiba/TheErgBook/issues/new )。 我們將不勝感激您的建議。 > 如果您在本文檔中發現任何錯誤,請報告至 [此處的表單](https://forms.gle/HtLYRfYzWCAaeTGb6) 或 [GitHub repo](https://github.com/mtshiba/TheErgBook/issues/new )。 我們將不勝感激您的建議。

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