# Set

[![badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2Fdefault%2Fsource_up_to_date%3Fowner%3Derg-lang%26repos%3Derg%26ref%3Dmain%26path%3Ddoc/EN/syntax/15_set.md%26commit_hash%3De959b3e54bfa8cee4929743b0193a129e7525c61)](https://gezf7g7pd5.execute-api.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/default/source_up_to_date?owner=erg-lang&repos=erg&ref=main&path=doc/EN/syntax/15_set.md&commit_hash=e959b3e54bfa8cee4929743b0193a129e7525c61)

一個Set代表一個集合，它在結構上是一個重復的無序數組

```python
assert Set.from([1, 2, 3, 2, 1]) == {1, 2, 3}
assert {1, 2} == {1, 1, 2} # 重復的被自動刪除
assert {1, 2} == {2, 1}
```

它也可以用類型和長度來聲明

```python
a: {Int; 3} = {0, 1, 2} # OK
b: {Int; 3} = {0, 0, 0} # NG，重復的內容被刪除，長度也會改變
# TypeError: the type of b is mismatched
# expected:  Set(Int, 3)
# but found: Set({0, }, 1)
```

此外，只有實現`Eq`跟蹤的對象才能成為集合的元素

因此，不可能使用Floats等作為集合元素

```python,compile_fail
d = {0.0, 1.0} # NG
#
# 1│ d = {0.0, 1.0}
#         ^^^^^^^^
# TypeError: the type of _ is mismatched:
# expected:  Eq(Float)
# but found: {0.0, 1.0, }
```

Set可以執行集合操作

```python
assert 1 in {1, 2, 3}
assert not 1 in {}
assert {1} or {2} == {1, 2}
assert {1, 2} and {2, 3} == {2}
assert {1, 2} not {2} == {1}
```

Set是同質集合。為了使不同類的對象共存，它們必須同質化

```python
s: {Int or Str} = {"a", 1, "b", -1}
```

## Sets為類型
Sets也可以被視為類型。這種類型稱為 _枚舉類型_

```python
i: {1, 2, 3} = 1
assert i in {1, 2, 3}
```

Set的元素直接是類型的元素
請注意，這些Set本身是不同的

```python
mut_set = {1, 2, 3}.into {Int; !3}
mut_set.insert!(4)
```

<p align='center'>
    <a href='./14_record.md'>上一頁</a> | <a href='./16_type.md'>下一頁</a>
</p>