i: Int = 2 - 1 assert i in Nat i: Nat assert i in Str # ERR, i cannot be of type Str f(opt_i: Int or NoneType) = if opt_i != None, do: if opt_i >= 0, do: log opt_i.times! log opt_i + 1 # OK log opt_i.times! # ERR if isinstance(opt_i, Int), do: log opt_i + 1 # OK log opt_i + 1 # ERR f(1)