Avoid example tests overwriting each other's platforms

Closes https://github.com/roc-lang/roc/issues/4038

Cargo.lock

@@ -2615,9 +2615,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
-version = "1.13.0"
+version = "1.14.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "18a6dbe30758c9f83eb00cbea4ac95966305f5a7772f3f42ebfc7fc7eddbd8e1"
+checksum = "2f7254b99e31cad77da24b08ebf628882739a608578bb1bcdfc1f9c21260d7c0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "oorandom"
@@ -3458,6 +3458,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "libloading",
  "memexec",
  "mimalloc",
+ "once_cell",
+ "parking_lot 0.12.1",
  "pretty_assertions",
  "roc_build",
  "roc_builtins",

crates/cli/Cargo.toml

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ criterion = { git = "https://github.com/Anton-4/criterion.rs"}
 cli_utils = { path = "../cli_utils" }
 strum = "0.24.0"
 strum_macros = "0.24"
+once_cell = "1.14.0"
+parking_lot = "0.12"
 
 # Wasmer singlepass compiler only works on x86_64.
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")'.dev-dependencies]

crates/cli/tests/cli_run.rs

@@ -16,11 +16,14 @@ mod cli_run {
     };
     use const_format::concatcp;
     use indoc::indoc;
+    use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+    use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
     use roc_cli::{CMD_BUILD, CMD_CHECK, CMD_FORMAT, CMD_RUN};
     use roc_test_utils::assert_multiline_str_eq;
     use serial_test::serial;
     use std::iter;
-    use std::path::Path;
+    use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+    use std::sync::Once;
     use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
     use strum_macros::EnumIter;
 
@@ -31,8 +34,19 @@ mod cli_run {
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     const TARGET_FLAG: &str = concatcp!("--", roc_cli::FLAG_TARGET);
 
-    use std::sync::Once;
     static BENCHMARKS_BUILD_PLATFORM: Once = Once::new();
+    static POPULATED_EXAMPLE_LOCKS: Once = Once::new();
+
+    use std::collections::HashMap;
+    static EXAMPLE_PLATFORM_LOCKS: Lazy<RwLock<HashMap<PathBuf, Mutex<()>>>> =
+        once_cell::sync::Lazy::new(|| RwLock::new(HashMap::default()));
+
+    fn populate_example_locks(examples: impl Iterator<Item = PathBuf>) {
+        let mut locks = EXAMPLE_PLATFORM_LOCKS.write();
+        for example in examples {
+            locks.insert(example, Default::default());
+        }
+    }
 
     #[derive(Debug, EnumIter)]
     enum CliMode {
@@ -270,12 +284,19 @@ mod cli_run {
     /// add a test for it here!
     macro_rules! examples {
         ($($test_name:ident:$name:expr => $example:expr,)+) => {
+            static EXAMPLE_NAMES: &[&str] = &[$($name,)+];
+
             $(
                 #[test]
                 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                 fn $test_name() {
+                    POPULATED_EXAMPLE_LOCKS.call_once( || {
+                        populate_example_locks(EXAMPLE_NAMES.iter().map(|name| examples_dir(name)))
+                    });
+
                     let dir_name = $name;
                     let example = $example;
+                    let example_dir = examples_dir(dir_name);
                     let file_name = example_file(dir_name, example.filename);
 
                     let mut app_args: Vec<String> = vec![];
@@ -318,6 +339,17 @@ mod cli_run {
                         _ => {}
                     }
 
+                    // To avoid concurrent examples tests overwriting produced host binaries, lock
+                    // on the example's directory, so that only one example per directory runs at a
+                    // time.
+                    // NOTE: we are assuming that each example corresponds to one platform, under
+                    // the subdirectory. This is not necessarily true, and moreover is too
+                    // restrictive. To increase throughput we only need to lock the produced host
+                    // file, however, it is not trivial to recover what that file is today (without
+                    // enumerating all examples and their platforms).
+                    let locks = EXAMPLE_PLATFORM_LOCKS.read();
+                    let _example_guard = locks.get(&example_dir).unwrap().lock();
+
                     // Check with and without optimizations
                     check_output_with_stdin(
                         &file_name,