Avoid re-parenthesizing call chains whose inner values are parenthesized (#7373)

## Summary

Given a statement like:

```python
result = (
    f(111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111)
    + 1
)()
```

When we go to parenthesize the target of the assignment, we use
`maybe_parenthesize_expression` with `Parenthesize::IfBreaks`. This then
checks if the call on the right-hand side needs to be parenthesized, the
implementation of which looks like:

```rust
impl NeedsParentheses for ExprCall {
    fn needs_parentheses(
        &self,
        _parent: AnyNodeRef,
        context: &PyFormatContext,
    ) -> OptionalParentheses {
        if CallChainLayout::from_expression(self.into(), context.source())
            == CallChainLayout::Fluent
        {
            OptionalParentheses::Multiline
        } else if context.comments().has_dangling(self) {
            OptionalParentheses::Always
        } else {
            self.func.needs_parentheses(self.into(), context)
        }
    }
}
```

Checking for `self.func.needs_parentheses(self.into(), context)` is
problematic, since, as in the example above, `self.func` may _already_
be parenthesized -- in which case, we _don't_ want to parenthesize the
entire expression. If we do, we end up with this non-ideal formatting:

```python
result = (
    (
        f(
            111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
        )
        + 1
    )()
)
```

This PR modifies the `NeedsParentheses` implementations for call chain
expressions to return `Never` if the inner expression has its own
parentheses, in which case, the formatting implementations for those
expressions will preserve them anyway.

Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/7370.

## Test Plan

Zulip improves a bit, everything else is unchanged.

Before:

| project | similarity index | total files | changed files |

|--------------|------------------:|------------------:|------------------:|
| cpython | 0.76083 | 1789 | 1632 |
| django | 0.99981 | 2760 | 40 |
| transformers | 0.99944 | 2587 | 413 |
| twine | 1.00000 | 33 | 0 |
| typeshed | 0.99983 | 3496 | 18 |
| warehouse | 0.99834 | 648 | 20 |
| zulip | 0.99956 | 1437 | 23 |

After:

| project | similarity index | total files | changed files |

|--------------|------------------:|------------------:|------------------:|
| cpython | 0.76083 | 1789 | 1632 |
| django | 0.99981 | 2760 | 40 |
| transformers | 0.99944 | 2587 | 413 |
| twine | 1.00000 | 33 | 0 |
| typeshed | 0.99983 | 3496 | 18 |
| warehouse | 0.99834 | 648 | 20 |
| **zulip** | **0.99962** | **1437** | **22** |

crates/ruff_python_formatter/src/expression/expr_attribute.rs

@@ -150,6 +150,8 @@ impl NeedsParentheses for ExprAttribute {
             OptionalParentheses::Always
         } else if self.value.is_name_expr() {
             OptionalParentheses::BestFit
+        } else if is_expression_parenthesized(self.value.as_ref().into(), context.source()) {
+            OptionalParentheses::Never
         } else {
             self.value.needs_parentheses(self.into(), context)
         }