Improvements to documentation (#12712)

Co-authored-by: Micha Reiser <micha@reiser.io>

.markdownlint.yaml

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ MD041: false
 # MD013/line-length
 MD013: false
 
+# MD014/commands-show-output
+MD014: false
+
 # MD024/no-duplicate-heading
 MD024:
   # Allow when nested under different parents e.g. CHANGELOG.md

docs/configuration.md

@@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ Some configuration options can be provided or overridden via dedicated flags on
 This includes those related to rule enablement and disablement,
 file discovery, logging level, and more:
 
-```shell
-ruff check path/to/code/ --select F401 --select F403 --quiet
+```console
+$ ruff check path/to/code/ --select F401 --select F403 --quiet
 ```
 
 All other configuration options can be set via the command line
@@ -469,8 +469,8 @@ using the `--config` flag, detailed below.
 The `--config` flag has two uses. It is most often used to point to the
 configuration file that you would like Ruff to use, for example:
 
-```shell
-ruff check path/to/directory --config path/to/ruff.toml
+```console
+$ ruff check path/to/directory --config path/to/ruff.toml
 ```
 
 However, the `--config` flag can also be used to provide arbitrary
@@ -484,8 +484,8 @@ since this setting has no dedicated CLI flag. The `per-file-ignores` setting
 could also have been overridden via the `--per-file-ignores` dedicated flag,
 but using `--config` to override the setting is also fine:
 
-```shell
-ruff check path/to/file --config path/to/ruff.toml --config "lint.dummy-variable-rgx = '__.*'" --config "lint.per-file-ignores = {'some_file.py' = ['F841']}"
+```console
+$ ruff check path/to/file --config path/to/ruff.toml --config "lint.dummy-variable-rgx = '__.*'" --config "lint.per-file-ignores = {'some_file.py' = ['F841']}"
 ```
 
 Configuration options passed to `--config` are parsed in the same way
@@ -500,8 +500,8 @@ a dedicated flag and by the `--config` flag, the dedicated flag
 takes priority. In this example, the maximum permitted line length
 will be set to 90, not 100:
 
-```shell
-ruff format path/to/file --line-length=90 --config "line-length=100"
+```console
+$ ruff format path/to/file --line-length=90 --config "line-length=100"
 ```
 
 Specifying `--config "line-length=90"` will override the `line-length`

docs/faq.md

@@ -228,8 +228,8 @@ Ruff is installable under any Python version from 3.7 onwards.
 
 Nope! Ruff is available as [`ruff`](https://pypi.org/project/ruff/) on PyPI:
 
-```shell
-pip install ruff
+```console
+$ pip install ruff
 ```
 
 Ruff ships with wheels for all major platforms, which enables `pip` to install Ruff without relying
@@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ code formatters over Jupyter Notebooks.
 
 After installing `ruff` and `nbqa`, you can run Ruff over a notebook like so:
 
-```shell
-> nbqa ruff Untitled.ipynb
+```console
+$ nbqa ruff Untitled.ipynb
 Untitled.ipynb:cell_1:2:5: F841 Local variable `x` is assigned to but never used
 Untitled.ipynb:cell_2:1:1: E402 Module level import not at top of file
 Untitled.ipynb:cell_2:1:8: F401 `os` imported but unused

docs/installation.md

@@ -2,81 +2,81 @@
 
 Ruff is available as [`ruff`](https://pypi.org/project/ruff/) on PyPI:
 
-```shell
-pip install ruff
+```console
+$ pip install ruff
 ```
 
 Once installed, you can run Ruff from the command line:
 
-```shell
-ruff check   # Lint all files in the current directory.
-ruff format  # Format all files in the current directory.
+```console
+$ ruff check   # Lint all files in the current directory.
+$ ruff format  # Format all files in the current directory.
 ```
 
 Starting with version `0.5.0`, Ruff can be installed with our standalone installers:
 
-```shell
-# On macOS and Linux.
-curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/install.sh | sh
+```console
+$ # On macOS and Linux.
+$ curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/install.sh | sh
 
-# On Windows.
-powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/install.ps1 | iex"
+$ # On Windows.
+$ powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/install.ps1 | iex"
 
-# For a specific version.
-curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.5.0/install.sh | sh
-powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.5.0/install.ps1 | iex"
+$ # For a specific version.
+$ curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/ruff/0.5.0/install.sh | sh
+$ powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/ruff/0.5.0/install.ps1 | iex"
 ```
 
 For **macOS Homebrew** and **Linuxbrew** users, Ruff is also available
 as [`ruff`](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/ruff) on Homebrew:
 
-```shell
-brew install ruff
+```console
+$ brew install ruff
 ```
 
 For **Conda** users, Ruff is also available as [`ruff`](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/ruff) on
 `conda-forge`:
 
-```shell
-conda install -c conda-forge ruff
+```console
+$ conda install -c conda-forge ruff
 ```
 
 For **pkgx** users, Ruff is also available as [`ruff`](https://pkgx.dev/pkgs/github.com/charliermarsh/ruff/)
 on the `pkgx` registry:
 
-```shell
-pkgx install ruff
+```console
+$ pkgx install ruff
 ```
 
 For **Arch Linux** users, Ruff is also available as [`ruff`](https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/ruff/)
 on the official repositories:
 
-```shell
-pacman -S ruff
+```console
+$ pacman -S ruff
 ```
 
 For **Alpine** users, Ruff is also available as [`ruff`](https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/package/edge/testing/x86_64/ruff)
 on the testing repositories:
 
-```shell
-apk add ruff
+```console
+$ apk add ruff
 ```
 
 For **openSUSE Tumbleweed** users, Ruff is also available in the distribution repository:
 
-```shell
-sudo zypper install python3-ruff
+```console
+$ sudo zypper install python3-ruff
 ```
 
 On **Docker**, it is published as `ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff`, tagged for each release and `latest` for
 the latest release.
 
-```shell
-docker run -v .:/io --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff check
-docker run -v .:/io --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff:0.3.0 check
+```console
+$ docker run -v .:/io --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff check
+$ docker run -v .:/io --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff:0.3.0 check
 
-# Or, for Podman on SELinux.
-docker run -v .:/io:Z --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff check
+$ # Or, for Podman on SELinux.
+$ docker run -v .:/io:Z --rm ghcr.io/astral-sh/ruff check
 ```
 
 [![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/vertical-allrepos/ruff-python-linter.svg?exclude_unsupported=1)](https://repology.org/project/ruff-python-linter/versions)

docs/js/extra.js

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+function cleanupClipboardText(targetSelector) {
+  const targetElement = document.querySelector(targetSelector);
+
+  // exclude "Generic Prompt" and "Generic Output" spans from copy
+  const excludedClasses = ["gp", "go"];
+
+  const clipboardText = Array.from(targetElement.childNodes)
+    .filter(
+      (node) =>
+        !excludedClasses.some((className) =>
+          node?.classList?.contains(className),
+        ),
+    )
+    .map((node) => node.textContent)
+    .filter((s) => s !== "");
+  return clipboardText.join("").trim();
+}
+
+// Sets copy text to attributes lazily using an Intersection Observer.
+function setCopyText() {
+  // The `data-clipboard-text` attribute allows for customized content in the copy
+  // See: https://www.npmjs.com/package/clipboard#copy-text-from-attribute
+  const attr = "clipboardText";
+  // all "copy" buttons whose target selector is a <code> element
+  const elements = document.querySelectorAll(
+    'button[data-clipboard-target$="code"]',
+  );
+
+  if (elements.length === 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
+    entries.forEach((entry) => {
+      // target in the viewport that have not been patched
+      if (
+        entry.intersectionRatio > 0 &&
+        entry.target.dataset[attr] === undefined
+      ) {
+        entry.target.dataset[attr] = cleanupClipboardText(
+          entry.target.dataset.clipboardTarget,
+        );
+      }
+    });
+  });
+
+  elements.forEach((elt) => {
+    observer.observe(elt);
+  });
+}
+
+// Using the document$ observable is particularly important if you are using instant loading since
+// it will not result in a page refresh in the browser
+// See `How to integrate with third-party JavaScript libraries` guideline:
+// https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/customization/?h=javascript#additional-javascript
+document$.subscribe(function () {
+  setCopyText();
+});
+

docs/linter.md

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ and more.
 `ruff check` is the primary entrypoint to the Ruff linter. It accepts a list of files or
 directories, and lints all discovered Python files, optionally fixing any fixable errors:
 
-```shell
-ruff check                  # Lint all files in the current directory.
-ruff check --fix            # Lint all files in the current directory, and fix any fixable errors.
-ruff check --watch          # Lint all files in the current directory, and re-lint on change.
-ruff check path/to/code/    # Lint all files in `path/to/code` (and any subdirectories).
+```console
+$ ruff check                  # Lint all files in the current directory.
+$ ruff check --fix            # Lint all files in the current directory, and fix any fixable errors.
+$ ruff check --watch          # Lint all files in the current directory, and re-lint on change.
+$ ruff check path/to/code/    # Lint all files in `path/to/code` (and any subdirectories).
 ```
 
 For the full list of supported options, run `ruff check --help`.
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ imports, reformat docstrings, rewrite type annotations to use newer Python synta
 
 To enable fixes, pass the `--fix` flag to `ruff check`:
 
-```shell
-ruff check --fix
+```console
+$ ruff check --fix
 ```
 
 By default, Ruff will fix all violations for which safe fixes are available; to determine
@@ -167,26 +167,26 @@ For example, [`unnecessary-iterable-allocation-for-first-element`](rules/unneces
 (`RUF015`) is a rule which checks for potentially unperformant use of `list(...)[0]`. The fix
 replaces this pattern with `next(iter(...))` which can result in a drastic speedup:
 
-```shell
+```console
 $ python -m timeit "head = list(range(99999999))[0]"
 1 loop, best of 5: 1.69 sec per loop
 ```
 
-```shell
+```console
 $ python -m timeit "head = next(iter(range(99999999)))"
 5000000 loops, best of 5: 70.8 nsec per loop
 ```
 
 However, when the collection is empty, this changes the raised exception from an `IndexError` to `StopIteration`:
 
-```shell
+```console
 $ python -c 'list(range(0))[0]'
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
 IndexError: list index out of range
 ```
 
-```shell
+```console
 $ python -c 'next(iter(range(0)))[0]'
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Since this could break error handling, this fix is categorized as unsafe.
 
 Ruff only enables safe fixes by default. Unsafe fixes can be enabled by settings [`unsafe-fixes`](settings.md#unsafe-fixes) in your configuration file or passing the `--unsafe-fixes` flag to `ruff check`:
 
-```shell
+```console
 # Show unsafe fixes
 ruff check --unsafe-fixes
 

docs/stylesheets/extra.css

@@ -103,3 +103,9 @@
   color: var(--md-code-fg-color);
   background-color: var(--md-code-bg-color);
 }
+
+/* See: https://mkdocstrings.github.io/recipes/#prevent-selection-of-prompts-and-output-in-python-code-blocks */
+.highlight .gp, .highlight .go { /* Generic.Prompt, Generic.Output */
+    user-select: none;
+}
+

docs/tutorial.md

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ your project. For a more detailed overview, see [_Configuring Ruff_](configurati
 
 To start, we'll install Ruff through PyPI (or with your [preferred package manager](installation.md)):
 
-```shell
-pip install ruff
+```console
+$ pip install ruff
 ```
 
 Let's then assume that our project structure looks like:
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ def sum_even_numbers(numbers: Iterable[int]) -> int:
 
 We can run the Ruff linter over our project via `ruff check`:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check
+```console
+$ ruff check
 numbers/numbers.py:3:8: F401 [*] `os` imported but unused
 Found 1 error.
 [*] 1 fixable with the `--fix` option.
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ Found 1 error.
 Ruff identified an unused import, which is a common error in Python code. Ruff considers this a
 "fixable" error, so we can resolve the issue automatically by running `ruff check --fix`:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check --fix
+```console
+$ ruff check --fix
 Found 1 error (1 fixed, 0 remaining).
 ```
 
@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ def sum_even_numbers(numbers: Iterable[int]) -> int:
 
 Note Ruff runs in the current directory by default, but you can pass specific paths to check:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check numbers/numbers.py
+```console
+$ ruff check numbers/numbers.py
 ```
 
 Now that our project is passing `ruff check`, we can run the Ruff formatter via `ruff format`:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff format
+```console
+$ ruff format
 1 file reformatted
 ```
 
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ To configure Ruff, let's create a configuration file in our project's root direc
 
 Running Ruff again, we see that it now enforces a maximum line width, with a limit of 79:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check
+```console
+$ ruff check
 numbers/numbers.py:5:80: E501 Line too long (90 > 79)
 Found 1 error.
 ```
@@ -222,8 +222,8 @@ rules, we can set our configuration file to the following:
 If we run Ruff again, we'll see that it now enforces the pyupgrade rules. In particular, Ruff flags
 the use of the deprecated `typing.Iterable` instead of `collections.abc.Iterable`:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check
+```console
+$ ruff check
 numbers/numbers.py:1:1: UP035 [*] Import from `collections.abc` instead: `Iterable`
 Found 1 error.
 [*] 1 fixable with the `--fix` option.
@@ -265,8 +265,8 @@ all functions have docstrings:
 
 If we run Ruff again, we'll see that it now enforces the pydocstyle rules:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check
+```console
+$ ruff check
 numbers/__init__.py:1:1: D104 Missing docstring in public package
 numbers/numbers.py:1:1: UP035 [*] Import from `collections.abc` instead: `Iterable`
 numbers/numbers.py:1:1: D100 Missing docstring in public module
@@ -290,8 +290,8 @@ def sum_even_numbers(numbers: Iterable[int]) -> int:
 
 Running `ruff check` again, we'll see that it no longer flags the `Iterable` import:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check
+```console
+$ ruff check
 numbers/__init__.py:1:1: D104 Missing docstring in public package
 numbers/numbers.py:1:1: D100 Missing docstring in public module
 Found 3 errors.
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ Ruff enables this workflow via the `--add-noqa` flag, which will add a `# noqa`
 line based on its existing violations. We can combine `--add-noqa` with the `--select` command-line
 flag to add `# noqa` directives to all existing `UP035` violations:
 
-```shell
-❯ ruff check --select UP035 --add-noqa .
+```console
+$ ruff check --select UP035 --add-noqa .
 Added 1 noqa directive.
 ```
 

mkdocs.template.yml

@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ plugins:
   - typeset
 extra_css:
   - stylesheets/extra.css
+extra_javascript:
+  - js/extra.js
 not_in_nav: |
   /rules/*
   /formatter/*