[ruff] improve handling of intermixed comments inside from-imports (#20561)

Resolves a crash when attempting to format code like:

```
from x import (a as # whatever
b)
```

Reworks the way comments are associated with nodes when parsing modules,
so that all possible comment positions can be retained and reproduced during
formatting.

Overall follows Black's formatting style for multi-line import statements.

Fixes issue #19138

crates/ruff_python_formatter/resources/test/fixtures/black/cases/import_comments.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# ensure trailing comments are preserved
+import x  # comment
+from x import a  # comment
+from x import a, b  # comment
+from x import a as b  # comment
+from x import a as b, b as c  # comment
+
+from x import (
+    a,  # comment
+)
+from x import (
+    a,  # comment
+    b,
+)
+
+# ensure comma is added
+from x import (
+    a  # comment
+)
+
+# follow black style by merging cases without own-line comments
+from x import (
+    a  # alpha
+    ,  # beta
+    b,
+)
+
+# ensure intermixed comments are all preserved
+from x import (  # one
+    # two
+    a  # three
+    # four
+    ,  # five
+    # six
+)  # seven
+
+from x import (  # alpha
+    # bravo
+    a  # charlie
+    # delta
+    as  # echo
+    # foxtrot
+    b  # golf
+    # hotel
+    ,  # india
+    # juliet
+)  # kilo

crates/ruff_python_formatter/resources/test/fixtures/black/cases/import_comments.py.expect

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# ensure trailing comments are preserved
+import x  # comment
+from x import a  # comment
+from x import a, b  # comment
+from x import a as b  # comment
+from x import a as b, b as c  # comment
+
+from x import (
+    a,  # comment
+)
+from x import (
+    a,  # comment
+    b,
+)
+
+# ensure comma is added
+from x import (
+    a,  # comment
+)
+
+# follow black style by merging cases without own-line comments
+from x import (
+    a,  # alpha  # beta
+    b,
+)
+
+# ensure intermixed comments are all preserved
+from x import (  # one
+    # two
+    a  # three
+    # four
+    ,  # five
+    # six
+)  # seven
+
+from x import (  # alpha
+    # bravo
+    a  # charlie
+    # delta
+    as  # echo
+    # foxtrot
+    b  # golf
+    # hotel
+    ,  # india
+    # juliet
+)  # kilo