Add rule deprecation infrastructure (#9689)

Adds a new `Deprecated` rule group in addition to `Stable` and
`Preview`.

Deprecated rules:
- Warn on explicit selection without preview
- Error on explicit selection with preview
- Are excluded when selected by prefix with preview

Deprecates `TRY200`, `ANN101`, and `ANN102` as a proof of concept. We
can consider deprecating them separately.

crates/ruff_dev/src/generate_docs.rs

@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ pub(crate) fn main(args: &Args) -> Result<()> {
     for rule in Rule::iter() {
         if let Some(explanation) = rule.explanation() {
             let mut output = String::new();
+
             output.push_str(&format!("# {} ({})", rule.as_ref(), rule.noqa_code()));
             output.push('\n');
-            output.push('\n');
 
             let (linter, _) = Linter::parse_code(&rule.noqa_code().to_string()).unwrap();
             if linter.url().is_some() {
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ pub(crate) fn main(args: &Args) -> Result<()> {
                 output.push('\n');
             }
 
+            if rule.is_deprecated() {
+                output.push_str(
+                    r"**Warning: This rule is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.**",
+                );
+                output.push('\n');
+                output.push('\n');
+            }
+
             let fix_availability = rule.fixable();
             if matches!(
                 fix_availability,