ruff server: Support Jupyter Notebook (*.ipynb) files (#11206)

## Summary

Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/10858.

`ruff server` now supports `*.ipynb` (aka Jupyter Notebook) files.
Extensive internal changes have been made to facilitate this, which I've
done some work to contextualize with documentation and an pre-review
that highlights notable sections of the code.

`*.ipynb` cells should behave similarly to `*.py` documents, with one
major exception. The format command `ruff.applyFormat` will only apply
to the currently selected notebook cell - if you want to format an
entire notebook document, use `Format Notebook` from the VS Code context
menu.

## Test Plan

The VS Code extension does not yet have Jupyter Notebook support
enabled, so you'll first need to enable it manually. To do this,
checkout the `pre-release` branch and modify `src/common/server.ts` as
follows:

Before:
![Screenshot 2024-05-13 at 10 59
06 PM](c6a3c604-c405-4968-b8a2-5d670de89172)

After:
![Screenshot 2024-05-13 at 10 58
24 PM](94ab2e3d-0609-448d-9c8c-cd07c69a513b)

I recommend testing this PR with large, complicated notebook files. I
used notebook files from [this popular
repository](https://github.com/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook/tree/master/notebooks)
in my preliminary testing.

The main thing to test is ensuring that notebook cells behave the same
as Python documents, besides the aforementioned issue with
`ruff.applyFormat`. You should also test adding and deleting cells (in
particular, deleting all the code cells and ensure that doesn't break
anything), changing the kind of a cell (i.e. from markup -> code or vice
versa), and creating a new notebook file from scratch. Finally, you
should also test that source actions work as expected (and across the
entire notebook).

Note: `ruff.applyAutofix` and `ruff.applyOrganizeImports` are currently
broken for notebook files, and I suspect it has something to do with
https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/11248. Once this is fixed, I
will update the test plan accordingly.

---------

Co-authored-by: nolan <nolan.king90@gmail.com>

crates/ruff_notebook/src/cell.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for SourceValue {
 
 impl Cell {
     /// Return the [`SourceValue`] of the cell.
-    pub(crate) fn source(&self) -> &SourceValue {
+    pub fn source(&self) -> &SourceValue {
         match self {
             Cell::Code(cell) => &cell.source,
             Cell::Markdown(cell) => &cell.source,

crates/ruff_notebook/src/notebook.rs

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ impl Notebook {
             reader.read_exact(&mut buf).is_ok_and(|()| buf[0] == b'\n')
         });
         reader.rewind()?;
-        let mut raw_notebook: RawNotebook = match serde_json::from_reader(reader.by_ref()) {
+        let raw_notebook: RawNotebook = match serde_json::from_reader(reader.by_ref()) {
             Ok(notebook) => notebook,
             Err(err) => {
                 // Translate the error into a diagnostic
@@ -113,7 +113,13 @@ impl Notebook {
                 });
             }
         };
+        Self::from_raw_notebook(raw_notebook, trailing_newline)
+    }
 
+    pub fn from_raw_notebook(
+        mut raw_notebook: RawNotebook,
+        trailing_newline: bool,
+    ) -> Result<Self, NotebookError> {
         // v4 is what everybody uses
         if raw_notebook.nbformat != 4 {
             // bail because we should have already failed at the json schema stage