Add semantic model flag when inside f-string replacement field (#10766)

## Summary

This PR adds a new semantic model flag to indicate that the checker is
inside an f-string replacement field. This will be used to ignore
certain checks if the target version doesn't support a specific feature
like PEP 701.

fixes: #10761 

## Test Plan

Add a test case from the raised issue.

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_quotes/singles.py

@@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ this_should_be_linted = f'double {"quote"} string'
 
 # https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/10546
 x: "Literal['foo', 'bar']"
+# https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/10761
+f"Before {f'x {x}' if y else f'foo {z}'} after"

crates/ruff_linter/src/checkers/ast/mod.rs

@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 use log::debug;
 use ruff_python_ast::{
     self as ast, all::DunderAllName, Comprehension, ElifElseClause, ExceptHandler, Expr,
-    ExprContext, Keyword, MatchCase, Parameter, ParameterWithDefault, Parameters, Pattern, Stmt,
-    Suite, UnaryOp,
+    ExprContext, FStringElement, Keyword, MatchCase, Parameter, ParameterWithDefault, Parameters,
+    Pattern, Stmt, Suite, UnaryOp,
 };
 use ruff_text_size::{Ranged, TextRange, TextSize};
 
@@ -1580,6 +1580,15 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for Checker<'a> {
                 .push((bound, self.semantic.snapshot()));
         }
     }
+
+    fn visit_f_string_element(&mut self, f_string_element: &'a FStringElement) {
+        let snapshot = self.semantic.flags;
+        if f_string_element.is_expression() {
+            self.semantic.flags |= SemanticModelFlags::F_STRING_REPLACEMENT_FIELD;
+        }
+        visitor::walk_f_string_element(self, f_string_element);
+        self.semantic.flags = snapshot;
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'a> Checker<'a> {

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_quotes/rules/check_string_quotes.rs

@@ -449,13 +449,8 @@ pub(crate) fn check_string_quotes(checker: &mut Checker, string_like: StringLike
         return;
     }
 
-    // If the string is part of a f-string, ignore it.
-    if checker
-        .indexer()
-        .fstring_ranges()
-        .outermost(string_like.start())
-        .is_some_and(|outer| outer.start() < string_like.start() && string_like.end() < outer.end())
-    {
+    // TODO(dhruvmanila): Support checking for escaped quotes in f-strings.
+    if checker.semantic().in_f_string_replacement_field() {
         return;
     }
 

crates/ruff_python_semantic/src/model.rs

@@ -1525,6 +1525,12 @@ impl<'a> SemanticModel<'a> {
         self.flags.intersects(SemanticModelFlags::F_STRING)
     }
 
+    /// Return `true` if the model is in an f-string replacement field.
+    pub const fn in_f_string_replacement_field(&self) -> bool {
+        self.flags
+            .intersects(SemanticModelFlags::F_STRING_REPLACEMENT_FIELD)
+    }
+
     /// Return `true` if the model is in boolean test.
     pub const fn in_boolean_test(&self) -> bool {
         self.flags.intersects(SemanticModelFlags::BOOLEAN_TEST)
@@ -1960,6 +1966,15 @@ bitflags! {
         /// ```
         const DUNDER_ALL_DEFINITION = 1 << 22;
 
+        /// The model is in an f-string replacement field.
+        ///
+        /// For example, the model could be visiting `x` or `y` in:
+        ///
+        /// ```python
+        /// f"first {x} second {y}"
+        /// ```
+        const F_STRING_REPLACEMENT_FIELD = 1 << 23;
+
         /// The context is in any type annotation.
         const ANNOTATION = Self::TYPING_ONLY_ANNOTATION.bits() | Self::RUNTIME_EVALUATED_ANNOTATION.bits() | Self::RUNTIME_REQUIRED_ANNOTATION.bits();