Lay the foundation for diagnostics in ty lowering, and implement a first diagnostic

The diagnostic implemented is a simple one (E0109). It serves as a test for the new foundation.

This commit only implements diagnostics for type in bodies and body-carrying signatures; the next commit will include diagnostics in the rest of the things.

Also fix one weird bug that was detected when implementing this that caused `Fn::(A, B) -> C` (which is a valid, if bizarre, alternative syntax to `Fn(A, B) -> C` to lower incorrectly.

And also fix a maybe-bug where parentheses were sneaked into a code string needlessly; this was not detected until now because the parentheses were removed (by the make-AST family API), but with a change in this commit they are now inserted. So fix that too.

crates/hir-ty/src/lib.rs

@@ -84,12 +84,13 @@ pub use infer::{
     cast::CastError,
     closure::{CaptureKind, CapturedItem},
     could_coerce, could_unify, could_unify_deeply, Adjust, Adjustment, AutoBorrow, BindingMode,
-    InferenceDiagnostic, InferenceResult, OverloadedDeref, PointerCast,
+    InferenceDiagnostic, InferenceResult, InferenceTyDiagnosticSource, OverloadedDeref,
+    PointerCast,
 };
 pub use interner::Interner;
 pub use lower::{
-    associated_type_shorthand_candidates, ImplTraitLoweringMode, ParamLoweringMode, TyDefId,
-    TyLoweringContext, ValueTyDefId,
+    associated_type_shorthand_candidates, GenericArgsProhibitedReason, ImplTraitLoweringMode,
+    ParamLoweringMode, TyDefId, TyLoweringContext, TyLoweringDiagnosticKind, ValueTyDefId,
 };
 pub use mapping::{
     from_assoc_type_id, from_chalk_trait_id, from_foreign_def_id, from_placeholder_idx,