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Doc/library/idle.rst

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+.. _idle:
+
+Idle
+====
+
+.. moduleauthor:: Guido van Rossum <guido@Python.org>
+
+
+.. % \declaremodule{standard}{idle}
+.. % \modulesynopsis{A Python Integrated Development Environment}
+
+.. index::
+   single: Idle
+   single: Python Editor
+   single: Integrated Development Environment
+
+Idle is the Python IDE built with the :mod:`Tkinter` GUI toolkit.
+
+IDLE has the following features:
+
+* coded in 100% pure Python, using the :mod:`Tkinter` GUI toolkit
+
+* cross-platform: works on Windows and Unix (on Mac OS, there are currently
+  problems with Tcl/Tk)
+
+* multi-window text editor with multiple undo, Python colorizing and many other
+  features, e.g. smart indent and call tips
+
+* Python shell window (a.k.a. interactive interpreter)
+
+* debugger (not complete, but you can set breakpoints, view  and step)
+
+
+Menus
+-----
+
+
+File menu
+^^^^^^^^^
+
+New window
+   create a new editing window
+
+Open...
+   open an existing file
+
+Open module...
+   open an existing module (searches sys.path)
+
+Class browser
+   show classes and methods in current file
+
+Path browser
+   show sys.path directories, modules, classes and methods
+
+.. index::
+   single: Class browser
+   single: Path browser
+
+Save
+   save current window to the associated file (unsaved windows have a \* before and
+   after the window title)
+
+Save As...
+   save current window to new file, which becomes the associated file
+
+Save Copy As...
+   save current window to different file without changing the associated file
+
+Close
+   close current window (asks to save if unsaved)
+
+Exit
+   close all windows and quit IDLE (asks to save if unsaved)
+
+
+Edit menu
+^^^^^^^^^
+
+Undo
+   Undo last change to current window (max 1000 changes)
+
+Redo
+   Redo last undone change to current window
+
+Cut
+   Copy selection into system-wide clipboard; then delete selection
+
+Copy
+   Copy selection into system-wide clipboard
+
+Paste
+   Insert system-wide clipboard into window
+
+Select All
+   Select the entire contents of the edit buffer
+
+Find...
+   Open a search dialog box with many options
+
+Find again
+   Repeat last search
+
+Find selection
+   Search for the string in the selection
+
+Find in Files...
+   Open a search dialog box for searching files
+
+Replace...
+   Open a search-and-replace dialog box
+
+Go to line
+   Ask for a line number and show that line
+
+Indent region
+   Shift selected lines right 4 spaces
+
+Dedent region
+   Shift selected lines left 4 spaces
+
+Comment out region
+   Insert ## in front of selected lines
+
+Uncomment region
+   Remove leading # or ## from selected lines
+
+Tabify region
+   Turns *leading* stretches of spaces into tabs
+
+Untabify region
+   Turn *all* tabs into the right number of spaces
+
+Expand word
+   Expand the word you have typed to match another word in the same buffer; repeat
+   to get a different expansion
+
+Format Paragraph
+   Reformat the current blank-line-separated paragraph
+
+Import module
+   Import or reload the current module
+
+Run script
+   Execute the current file in the __main__ namespace
+
+.. index::
+   single: Import module
+   single: Run script
+
+
+Windows menu
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Zoom Height
+   toggles the window between normal size (24x80) and maximum height.
+
+The rest of this menu lists the names of all open windows; select one to bring
+it to the foreground (deiconifying it if necessary).
+
+
+Debug menu (in the Python Shell window only)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Go to file/line
+   look around the insert point for a filename and linenumber, open the file, and
+   show the line.
+
+Open stack viewer
+   show the stack traceback of the last exception
+
+Debugger toggle
+   Run commands in the shell under the debugger
+
+JIT Stack viewer toggle
+   Open stack viewer on traceback
+
+.. index::
+   single: stack viewer
+   single: debugger
+
+
+Basic editing and navigation
+----------------------------
+
+* :kbd:`Backspace` deletes to the left; :kbd:`Del` deletes to the right
+
+* Arrow keys and :kbd:`Page Up`/:kbd:`Page Down` to move around
+
+* :kbd:`Home`/:kbd:`End` go to begin/end of line
+
+* :kbd:`C-Home`/:kbd:`C-End` go to begin/end of file
+
+* Some :program:`Emacs` bindings may also work, including :kbd:`C-B`,
+  :kbd:`C-P`, :kbd:`C-A`, :kbd:`C-E`, :kbd:`C-D`, :kbd:`C-L`
+
+
+Automatic indentation
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+After a block-opening statement, the next line is indented by 4 spaces (in the
+Python Shell window by one tab).  After certain keywords (break, return etc.)
+the next line is dedented.  In leading indentation, :kbd:`Backspace` deletes up
+to 4 spaces if they are there. :kbd:`Tab` inserts 1-4 spaces (in the Python
+Shell window one tab). See also the indent/dedent region commands in the edit
+menu.
+
+
+Python Shell window
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+* :kbd:`C-C` interrupts executing command
+
+* :kbd:`C-D` sends end-of-file; closes window if typed at a ``>>>`` prompt
+
+* :kbd:`Alt-p` retrieves previous command matching what you have typed
+
+* :kbd:`Alt-n` retrieves next
+
+* :kbd:`Return` while on any previous command retrieves that command
+
+* :kbd:`Alt-/` (Expand word) is also useful here
+
+.. index:: single: indentation
+
+
+Syntax colors
+-------------
+
+The coloring is applied in a background "thread," so you may occasionally see
+uncolorized text.  To change the color scheme, edit the ``[Colors]`` section in
+:file:`config.txt`.
+
+Python syntax colors:
+   Keywords
+      orange
+
+   Strings 
+      green
+
+   Comments
+      red
+
+   Definitions
+      blue
+
+Shell colors:
+   Console output
+      brown
+
+   stdout
+      blue
+
+   stderr
+      dark green
+
+   stdin
+      black
+
+
+Command line usage
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+::
+
+   idle.py [-c command] [-d] [-e] [-s] [-t title] [arg] ...
+
+   -c command  run this command
+   -d          enable debugger
+   -e          edit mode; arguments are files to be edited
+   -s          run $IDLESTARTUP or $PYTHONSTARTUP first
+   -t title    set title of shell window
+
+If there are arguments:
+
+#. If :option:`-e` is used, arguments are files opened for editing and
+   ``sys.argv`` reflects the arguments passed to IDLE itself.
+
+#. Otherwise, if :option:`-c` is used, all arguments are placed in
+   ``sys.argv[1:...]``, with ``sys.argv[0]`` set to ``'-c'``.
+
+#. Otherwise, if neither :option:`-e` nor :option:`-c` is used, the first
+   argument is a script which is executed with the remaining arguments in
+   ``sys.argv[1:...]``  and ``sys.argv[0]`` set to the script name.  If the script
+   name is '-', no script is executed but an interactive Python session is started;
+   the arguments are still available in ``sys.argv``.
+
+