[3.12] gh-91126: Docs and tests for slotted dataclasses with __init_subclass__ (GH-123342) (#123569)

gh-91126: Docs and tests for slotted dataclasses with `__init_subclass__` (GH-123342)
(cherry picked from commit 75e72822a3)

Co-authored-by: sobolevn <mail@sobolevn.me>

Doc/library/dataclasses.rst

@@ -185,10 +185,21 @@ Module contents
    - *slots*: If true (the default is ``False``), :attr:`~object.__slots__` attribute
      will be generated and new class will be returned instead of the original one.
      If :attr:`!__slots__` is already defined in the class, then :exc:`TypeError`
-     is raised. Calling no-arg :func:`super` in dataclasses using ``slots=True`` will result in
+     is raised.
-     the following exception being raised:
+
-     ``TypeError: super(type, obj): obj must be an instance or subtype of type``.
+    .. warning::
-     The two-arg :func:`super` is a valid workaround. See :gh:`90562` for full details.
+        Calling no-arg :func:`super` in dataclasses using ``slots=True``
+        will result in the following exception being raised:
+        ``TypeError: super(type, obj): obj must be an instance or subtype of type``.
+        The two-arg :func:`super` is a valid workaround.
+        See :gh:`90562` for full details.
+
+    .. warning::
+       Passing parameters to a base class :meth:`~object.__init_subclass__`
+       when using ``slots=True`` will result in a :exc:`TypeError`.
+       Either use ``__init_subclass__`` with no parameters
+       or use default values as a workaround.
+       See :gh:`91126` for full details.
 
     .. versionadded:: 3.10
 

Lib/test/test_dataclasses/__init__.py

@@ -3560,6 +3560,38 @@ class TestSlots(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(A().__dict__, {})
         A()
 
+    @support.cpython_only
+    def test_slots_with_wrong_init_subclass(self):
+        # TODO: This test is for a kinda-buggy behavior.
+        # Ideally, it should be fixed and `__init_subclass__`
+        # should be fully supported in the future versions.
+        # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91126
+        class WrongSuper:
+            def __init_subclass__(cls, arg):
+                pass
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            TypeError,
+            "missing 1 required positional argument: 'arg'",
+        ):
+            @dataclass(slots=True)
+            class WithWrongSuper(WrongSuper, arg=1):
+                pass
+
+        class CorrectSuper:
+            args = []
+            def __init_subclass__(cls, arg="default"):
+                cls.args.append(arg)
+
+        @dataclass(slots=True)
+        class WithCorrectSuper(CorrectSuper):
+            pass
+
+        # __init_subclass__ is called twice: once for `WithCorrectSuper`
+        # and once for `WithCorrectSuper__slots__` new class
+        # that we create internally.
+        self.assertEqual(CorrectSuper.args, ["default", "default"])
+
 
 class TestDescriptors(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_set_name(self):