bpo-45412: Remove Py_SET_ERRNO_ON_MATH_ERROR() macro (GH-28820)

Remove the following math macros using the errno variable:

* Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1()
* Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2()
* Py_OVERFLOWED()
* Py_SET_ERANGE_IF_OVERFLOW()
* Py_SET_ERRNO_ON_MATH_ERROR()

Create pycore_pymath.h internal header file.

Rename Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1() and Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2() to
_Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1() and _Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2(), and convert these
macros to static inline functions.

Move the following macros to pycore_pymath.h:

* _Py_IntegralTypeSigned()
* _Py_IntegralTypeMax()
* _Py_IntegralTypeMin()
* _Py_InIntegralTypeRange()

Include/internal/pycore_pymath.h

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef Py_INTERNAL_PYMATH_H
+#define Py_INTERNAL_PYMATH_H
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef Py_BUILD_CORE
+#  error "this header requires Py_BUILD_CORE define"
+#endif
+
+/* _Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1(x)
+ * _Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2(x, y)
+ * Set errno to 0 before calling a libm function, and invoke one of these
+ * macros after, passing the function result(s) (_Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2 is useful
+ * for functions returning complex results).  This makes two kinds of
+ * adjustments to errno:  (A) If it looks like the platform libm set
+ * errno=ERANGE due to underflow, clear errno. (B) If it looks like the
+ * platform libm overflowed but didn't set errno, force errno to ERANGE.  In
+ * effect, we're trying to force a useful implementation of C89 errno
+ * behavior.
+ * Caution:
+ *    This isn't reliable.  See Py_OVERFLOWED comments.
+ *    X and Y may be evaluated more than once.
+ */
+static inline void _Py_ADJUST_ERANGE1(double x)
+{
+    if (errno == 0) {
+        if (x == Py_HUGE_VAL || x == -Py_HUGE_VAL) {
+            errno = ERANGE;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (errno == ERANGE && x == 0.0) {
+        errno = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline void _Py_ADJUST_ERANGE2(double x, double y)
+{
+    if (x == Py_HUGE_VAL || x == -Py_HUGE_VAL ||
+        y == Py_HUGE_VAL || y == -Py_HUGE_VAL)
+    {
+        if (errno == 0) {
+            errno = ERANGE;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (errno == ERANGE) {
+        errno = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// Return whether integral type *type* is signed or not.
+#define _Py_IntegralTypeSigned(type) \
+    ((type)(-1) < 0)
+
+// Return the maximum value of integral type *type*.
+#define _Py_IntegralTypeMax(type) \
+    ((_Py_IntegralTypeSigned(type)) ? (((((type)1 << (sizeof(type)*CHAR_BIT - 2)) - 1) << 1) + 1) : ~(type)0)
+
+// Return the minimum value of integral type *type*.
+#define _Py_IntegralTypeMin(type) \
+    ((_Py_IntegralTypeSigned(type)) ? -_Py_IntegralTypeMax(type) - 1 : 0)
+
+// Check whether *v* is in the range of integral type *type*. This is most
+// useful if *v* is floating-point, since demoting a floating-point *v* to an
+// integral type that cannot represent *v*'s integral part is undefined
+// behavior.
+#define _Py_InIntegralTypeRange(type, v) \
+    (_Py_IntegralTypeMin(type) <= v && v <= _Py_IntegralTypeMax(type))
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* !Py_INTERNAL_PYMATH_H */