gh-115347: avoid emitting redundant NOP for the docstring with -OO (#115494)

Lib/test/test_compile.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+import contextlib
 import dis
+import io
 import math
 import os
 import unittest
@@ -812,6 +814,30 @@ class TestSpecifics(unittest.TestCase):
             'RETURN_CONST',
             list(dis.get_instructions(unused_code_at_end))[-1].opname)
 
+    @support.cpython_only
+    def test_docstring_omitted(self):
+        # See gh-115347
+        src = textwrap.dedent("""
+            def f():
+                "docstring1"
+                def h():
+                    "docstring2"
+                    return 42
+
+                class C:
+                    "docstring3"
+                    pass
+
+                return h
+        """)
+        for opt in [-1, 0, 1, 2]:
+            with self.subTest(opt=opt):
+                code = compile(src, "<test>", "exec", optimize=opt)
+                output = io.StringIO()
+                with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output):
+                    dis.dis(code)
+                self.assertNotIn('NOP' , output.getvalue())
+
     def test_dont_merge_constants(self):
         # Issue #25843: compile() must not merge constants which are equal
         # but have a different type.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2024-02-14-23-50-43.gh-issue-115347.VkHvQC.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix bug where docstring was replaced by a redundant NOP when Python is run
+with ``-OO``.

Python/compile.c

@@ -1692,16 +1692,13 @@ compiler_unwind_fblock_stack(struct compiler *c, location *ploc,
 static int
 compiler_body(struct compiler *c, location loc, asdl_stmt_seq *stmts)
 {
-    int i = 0;
-    stmt_ty st;
-    PyObject *docstring;
 
     /* Set current line number to the line number of first statement.
        This way line number for SETUP_ANNOTATIONS will always
        coincide with the line number of first "real" statement in module.
        If body is empty, then lineno will be set later in optimize_and_assemble. */
     if (c->u->u_scope_type == COMPILER_SCOPE_MODULE && asdl_seq_LEN(stmts)) {
-        st = (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(stmts, 0);
+        stmt_ty st = (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(stmts, 0);
         loc = LOC(st);
     }
     /* Every annotated class and module should have __annotations__. */
@@ -1711,16 +1708,17 @@ compiler_body(struct compiler *c, location loc, asdl_stmt_seq *stmts)
     if (!asdl_seq_LEN(stmts)) {
         return SUCCESS;
     }
-    /* if not -OO mode, set docstring */
-    if (c->c_optimize < 2) {
-        docstring = _PyAST_GetDocString(stmts);
-        if (docstring) {
+    Py_ssize_t first_instr = 0;
+    PyObject *docstring = _PyAST_GetDocString(stmts);
+    if (docstring) {
+        first_instr = 1;
+        /* if not -OO mode, set docstring */
+        if (c->c_optimize < 2) {
             PyObject *cleandoc = _PyCompile_CleanDoc(docstring);
             if (cleandoc == NULL) {
                 return ERROR;
             }
-            i = 1;
-            st = (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(stmts, 0);
+            stmt_ty st = (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(stmts, 0);
             assert(st->kind == Expr_kind);
             location loc = LOC(st->v.Expr.value);
             ADDOP_LOAD_CONST(c, loc, cleandoc);
@@ -1728,7 +1726,7 @@ compiler_body(struct compiler *c, location loc, asdl_stmt_seq *stmts)
             RETURN_IF_ERROR(compiler_nameop(c, NO_LOCATION, &_Py_ID(__doc__), Store));
         }
     }
-    for (; i < asdl_seq_LEN(stmts); i++) {
+    for (Py_ssize_t i = first_instr; i < asdl_seq_LEN(stmts); i++) {
         VISIT(c, stmt, (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(stmts, i));
     }
     return SUCCESS;
@@ -2239,7 +2237,6 @@ static int
 compiler_function_body(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s, int is_async, Py_ssize_t funcflags,
                        int firstlineno)
 {
-    PyObject *docstring = NULL;
     arguments_ty args;
     identifier name;
     asdl_stmt_seq *body;
@@ -2266,28 +2263,33 @@ compiler_function_body(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s, int is_async, Py_ssize_t f
     RETURN_IF_ERROR(
         compiler_enter_scope(c, name, scope_type, (void *)s, firstlineno));
 
-    /* if not -OO mode, add docstring */
-    if (c->c_optimize < 2) {
-        docstring = _PyAST_GetDocString(body);
-        if (docstring) {
+    Py_ssize_t first_instr = 0;
+    PyObject *docstring = _PyAST_GetDocString(body);
+    if (docstring) {
+        first_instr = 1;
+        /* if not -OO mode, add docstring */
+        if (c->c_optimize < 2) {
             docstring = _PyCompile_CleanDoc(docstring);
             if (docstring == NULL) {
                 compiler_exit_scope(c);
                 return ERROR;
             }
         }
+        else {
+            docstring = NULL;
+        }
     }
     if (compiler_add_const(c->c_const_cache, c->u, docstring ? docstring : Py_None) < 0) {
         Py_XDECREF(docstring);
         compiler_exit_scope(c);
         return ERROR;
     }
-    Py_XDECREF(docstring);
+    Py_CLEAR(docstring);
 
     c->u->u_metadata.u_argcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->args);
     c->u->u_metadata.u_posonlyargcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->posonlyargs);
     c->u->u_metadata.u_kwonlyargcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->kwonlyargs);
-    for (Py_ssize_t i = docstring ? 1 : 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(body); i++) {
+    for (Py_ssize_t i = first_instr; i < asdl_seq_LEN(body); i++) {
         VISIT_IN_SCOPE(c, stmt, (stmt_ty)asdl_seq_GET(body, i));
     }
     if (c->u->u_ste->ste_coroutine || c->u->u_ste->ste_generator) {