[3.11] gh-93738: Documentation C syntax (:c:type:PyObject -> :c:expr:PyObject) (GH-97776) (#97889)

:c:type:`PyObject` -> :c:expr:`PyObject`
(cherry picked from commit 0bf6a617ed)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

Doc/c-api/arg.rst

@@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ which disallows mutable objects such as :class:`bytearray`.
 ``S`` (:class:`bytes`) [PyBytesObject \*]
    Requires that the Python object is a :class:`bytes` object, without
    attempting any conversion.  Raises :exc:`TypeError` if the object is not
-   a bytes object.  The C variable may also be declared as :c:type:`PyObject*`.
+   a bytes object.  The C variable may also be declared as :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
 
 ``Y`` (:class:`bytearray`) [PyByteArrayObject \*]
    Requires that the Python object is a :class:`bytearray` object, without
    attempting any conversion.  Raises :exc:`TypeError` if the object is not
-   a :class:`bytearray` object. The C variable may also be declared as :c:type:`PyObject*`.
+   a :class:`bytearray` object. The C variable may also be declared as :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
 
 ``u`` (:class:`str`) [const Py_UNICODE \*]
    Convert a Python Unicode object to a C pointer to a NUL-terminated buffer of
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ which disallows mutable objects such as :class:`bytearray`.
 ``U`` (:class:`str`) [PyObject \*]
    Requires that the Python object is a Unicode object, without attempting
    any conversion.  Raises :exc:`TypeError` if the object is not a Unicode
-   object.  The C variable may also be declared as :c:type:`PyObject*`.
+   object.  The C variable may also be declared as :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
 
 ``w*`` (read-write :term:`bytes-like object`) [Py_buffer]
    This format accepts any object which implements the read-write buffer
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ Other objects
 ``O!`` (object) [*typeobject*, PyObject \*]
    Store a Python object in a C object pointer.  This is similar to ``O``, but
    takes two C arguments: the first is the address of a Python type object, the
-   second is the address of the C variable (of type :c:type:`PyObject*`) into which
+   second is the address of the C variable (of type :c:expr:`PyObject*`) into which
    the object pointer is stored.  If the Python object does not have the required
    type, :exc:`TypeError` is raised.
 
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ API Functions
    *args*; it must actually be a tuple.  The length of the tuple must be at least
    *min* and no more than *max*; *min* and *max* may be equal.  Additional
    arguments must be passed to the function, each of which should be a pointer to a
-   :c:type:`PyObject*` variable; these will be filled in with the values from
+   :c:expr:`PyObject*` variable; these will be filled in with the values from
    *args*; they will contain :term:`borrowed references <borrowed reference>`.
    The variables which correspond
    to optional parameters not given by *args* will not be filled in; these should

Doc/c-api/call.rst

@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ please see individual documentation for details.
 
    This is the equivalent of the Python expression: ``callable(*args)``.
 
-   Note that if you only pass :c:type:`PyObject *` args,
+   Note that if you only pass :c:expr:`PyObject *` args,
    :c:func:`PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs` is a faster alternative.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.4
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ please see individual documentation for details.
    This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
    ``obj.name(arg1, arg2, ...)``.
 
-   Note that if you only pass :c:type:`PyObject *` args,
+   Note that if you only pass :c:expr:`PyObject *` args,
    :c:func:`PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs` is a faster alternative.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.4
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ please see individual documentation for details.
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(PyObject *callable, ...)
 
    Call a callable Python object *callable*, with a variable number of
-   :c:type:`PyObject *` arguments.  The arguments are provided as a variable number
+   :c:expr:`PyObject *` arguments.  The arguments are provided as a variable number
    of parameters followed by *NULL*.
 
    Return the result of the call on success, or raise an exception and return
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ please see individual documentation for details.
 
    Call a method of the Python object *obj*, where the name of the method is given as a
    Python string object in *name*.  It is called with a variable number of
-   :c:type:`PyObject *` arguments.  The arguments are provided as a variable number
+   :c:expr:`PyObject *` arguments.  The arguments are provided as a variable number
    of parameters followed by *NULL*.
 
    Return the result of the call on success, or raise an exception and return

Doc/c-api/dict.rst

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Dictionary Objects
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyDict_GetItemString(PyObject *p, const char *key)
 
    This is the same as :c:func:`PyDict_GetItem`, but *key* is specified as a
-   :c:expr:`const char*`, rather than a :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
+   :c:type:`const char*`, rather than a :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
 
    Note that exceptions which occur while calling :meth:`__hash__` and
    :meth:`__eq__` methods and creating a temporary string object
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ Dictionary Objects
    prior to the first call to this function to start the iteration; the
    function returns true for each pair in the dictionary, and false once all
    pairs have been reported.  The parameters *pkey* and *pvalue* should either
-   point to :c:type:`PyObject*` variables that will be filled in with each key
+   point to :c:expr:`PyObject*` variables that will be filled in with each key
    and value, respectively, or may be ``NULL``.  Any references returned through
    them are borrowed.  *ppos* should not be altered during iteration. Its
    value represents offsets within the internal dictionary structure, and

Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ Standard Exceptions
 
 All standard Python exceptions are available as global variables whose names are
 ``PyExc_`` followed by the Python exception name.  These have the type
-:c:type:`PyObject*`; they are all class objects.  For completeness, here are all
+:c:expr:`PyObject*`; they are all class objects.  For completeness, here are all
 the variables:
 
 .. index::
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ Standard Warning Categories
 
 All standard Python warning categories are available as global variables whose
 names are ``PyExc_`` followed by the Python exception name. These have the type
-:c:type:`PyObject*`; they are all class objects. For completeness, here are all
+:c:expr:`PyObject*`; they are all class objects. For completeness, here are all
 the variables:
 
 .. index::

Doc/c-api/init.rst

@@ -1741,8 +1741,8 @@ you need to include :file:`pythread.h` to use thread-local storage.
 
 .. note::
    None of these API functions handle memory management on behalf of the
-   :c:expr:`void*` values.  You need to allocate and deallocate them yourself.
+   :c:type:`void*` values.  You need to allocate and deallocate them yourself.
-   If the :c:expr:`void*` values happen to be :c:expr:`PyObject*`, these
+   If the :c:type:`void*` values happen to be :c:expr:`PyObject*`, these
    functions don't do refcount operations on them either.
 
 .. _thread-specific-storage-api:

Doc/c-api/intro.rst

@@ -264,13 +264,13 @@ Objects, Types and Reference Counts
 .. index:: object: type
 
 Most Python/C API functions have one or more arguments as well as a return value
-of type :c:type:`PyObject*`.  This type is a pointer to an opaque data type
+of type :c:expr:`PyObject*`.  This type is a pointer to an opaque data type
 representing an arbitrary Python object.  Since all Python object types are
 treated the same way by the Python language in most situations (e.g.,
 assignments, scope rules, and argument passing), it is only fitting that they
 should be represented by a single C type.  Almost all Python objects live on the
 heap: you never declare an automatic or static variable of type
-:c:type:`PyObject`, only pointer variables of type :c:type:`PyObject*` can  be
+:c:type:`PyObject`, only pointer variables of type :c:expr:`PyObject*` can  be
 declared.  The sole exception are the type objects; since these must never be
 deallocated, they are typically static :c:type:`PyTypeObject` objects.
 

Doc/c-api/structures.rst

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ the definition of all other Python objects.
    object.  In a normal "release" build, it contains only the object's
    reference count and a pointer to the corresponding type object.
    Nothing is actually declared to be a :c:type:`PyObject`, but every pointer
-   to a Python object can be cast to a :c:type:`PyObject*`.  Access to the
+   to a Python object can be cast to a :c:expr:`PyObject*`.  Access to the
    members must be done by using the macros :c:macro:`Py_REFCNT` and
    :c:macro:`Py_TYPE`.
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ Implementing functions and methods
 .. c:type:: PyCFunction
 
    Type of the functions used to implement most Python callables in C.
-   Functions of this type take two :c:type:`PyObject*` parameters and return
+   Functions of this type take two :c:expr:`PyObject*` parameters and return
    one such value.  If the return value is ``NULL``, an exception shall have
    been set.  If not ``NULL``, the return value is interpreted as the return
    value of the function as exposed in Python.  The function must return a new
@@ -263,10 +263,10 @@ Implementing functions and methods
    +------------------+---------------+-------------------------------+
 
 The :attr:`ml_meth` is a C function pointer.  The functions may be of different
-types, but they always return :c:type:`PyObject*`.  If the function is not of
+types, but they always return :c:expr:`PyObject*`.  If the function is not of
 the :c:type:`PyCFunction`, the compiler will require a cast in the method table.
 Even though :c:type:`PyCFunction` defines the first parameter as
-:c:type:`PyObject*`, it is common that the method implementation uses the
+:c:expr:`PyObject*`, it is common that the method implementation uses the
 specific C type of the *self* object.
 
 The :attr:`ml_flags` field is a bitfield which can include the following flags.
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ There are these calling conventions:
 .. data:: METH_VARARGS
 
    This is the typical calling convention, where the methods have the type
-   :c:type:`PyCFunction`. The function expects two :c:type:`PyObject*` values.
+   :c:type:`PyCFunction`. The function expects two :c:expr:`PyObject*` values.
    The first one is the *self* object for methods; for module functions, it is
    the module object.  The second parameter (often called *args*) is a tuple
    object representing all arguments. This parameter is typically processed
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ There are these calling conventions:
    Fast calling convention supporting only positional arguments.
    The methods have the type :c:type:`_PyCFunctionFast`.
    The first parameter is *self*, the second parameter is a C array
-   of :c:type:`PyObject*` values indicating the arguments and the third
+   of :c:expr:`PyObject*` values indicating the arguments and the third
    parameter is the number of arguments (the length of the array).
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.7
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ There are these calling conventions:
    with methods of type :c:type:`_PyCFunctionFastWithKeywords`.
    Keyword arguments are passed the same way as in the
    :ref:`vectorcall protocol <vectorcall>`:
-   there is an additional fourth :c:type:`PyObject*` parameter
+   there is an additional fourth :c:expr:`PyObject*` parameter
    which is a tuple representing the names of the keyword arguments
    (which are guaranteed to be strings)
    or possibly ``NULL`` if there are no keywords.  The values of the keyword
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ There are these calling conventions:
    Methods with a single object argument can be listed with the :const:`METH_O`
    flag, instead of invoking :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTuple` with a ``"O"`` argument.
    They have the type :c:type:`PyCFunction`, with the *self* parameter, and a
-   :c:type:`PyObject*` parameter representing the single argument.
+   :c:expr:`PyObject*` parameter representing the single argument.
 
 
 These two constants are not used to indicate the calling convention but the
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ Accessing attributes of extension types
    |             |                  | getter and setter                 |
    +-------------+------------------+-----------------------------------+
 
-   The ``get`` function takes one :c:type:`PyObject*` parameter (the
+   The ``get`` function takes one :c:expr:`PyObject*` parameter (the
    instance) and a function pointer (the associated ``closure``)::
 
       typedef PyObject *(*getter)(PyObject *, void *);
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ Accessing attributes of extension types
    It should return a new reference on success or ``NULL`` with a set exception
    on failure.
 
-   ``set`` functions take two :c:type:`PyObject*` parameters (the instance and
+   ``set`` functions take two :c:expr:`PyObject*` parameters (the instance and
    the value to be set) and a function pointer (the associated ``closure``)::
 
       typedef int (*setter)(PyObject *, PyObject *, void *);

Doc/c-api/tuple.rst

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ type.
 .. c:type:: PyStructSequence_Field
 
    Describes a field of a struct sequence. As a struct sequence is modeled as a
-   tuple, all fields are typed as :c:type:`PyObject*`.  The index in the
+   tuple, all fields are typed as :c:expr:`PyObject*`.  The index in the
    :attr:`fields` array of the :c:type:`PyStructSequence_Desc` determines which
    field of the struct sequence is described.
 

Doc/c-api/typeobj.rst

@@ -1484,7 +1484,7 @@ and :c:type:`PyType_Type` effectively act as defaults.)
    If the instances of this type are weakly referenceable, this field is greater
    than zero and contains the offset in the instance structure of the weak
    reference list head (ignoring the GC header, if present); this offset is used by
-   :c:func:`PyObject_ClearWeakRefs` and the ``PyWeakref_*`` functions.  The
+   :c:func:`PyObject_ClearWeakRefs` and the :c:func:`PyWeakref_\*` functions.  The
    instance structure needs to include a field of type :c:expr:`PyObject*` which is
    initialized to ``NULL``.
 

Doc/library/ctypes.rst

@@ -2366,8 +2366,8 @@ These are the fundamental ctypes data types:
 
 .. class:: py_object
 
-   Represents the C :c:type:`PyObject *` datatype.  Calling this without an
+   Represents the C :c:expr:`PyObject *` datatype.  Calling this without an
-   argument creates a ``NULL`` :c:type:`PyObject *` pointer.
+   argument creates a ``NULL`` :c:expr:`PyObject *` pointer.
 
 The :mod:`ctypes.wintypes` module provides quite some other Windows specific
 data types, for example :c:type:`HWND`, :c:type:`WPARAM`, or :c:type:`DWORD`.  Some