gh-112660: Do not clear arbitrary errors on import (GH-112661)

Previously arbitrary errors could be cleared during formatting error
messages for ImportError or AttributeError for modules. Now all
unexpected errors are reported.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2023-12-03-15-29-53.gh-issue-112660.gldBvh.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Do not clear unexpected errors during formatting error messages for
+ImportError and AttributeError for modules.

Objects/moduleobject.c

@@ -749,27 +749,20 @@ module_repr(PyModuleObject *m)
 }
 
 /* Check if the "_initializing" attribute of the module spec is set to true.
-   Clear the exception and return 0 if spec is NULL.
  */
 int
 _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(PyObject *spec)
 {
-    if (spec != NULL) {
+    if (spec == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     PyObject *value;
-        int ok = PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(spec, &_Py_ID(_initializing), &value);
+    int rc = PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(spec, &_Py_ID(_initializing), &value);
-        if (ok == 0) {
+    if (rc > 0) {
-            return 0;
+        rc = PyObject_IsTrue(value);
-        }
-        if (value != NULL) {
-            int initializing = PyObject_IsTrue(value);
         Py_DECREF(value);
-            if (initializing >= 0) {
-                return initializing;
     }
-        }
+    return rc;
-    }
-    PyErr_Clear();
-    return 0;
 }
 
 /* Check if the submodule name is in the "_uninitialized_submodules" attribute
@@ -782,17 +775,13 @@ _PyModuleSpec_IsUninitializedSubmodule(PyObject *spec, PyObject *name)
          return 0;
     }
 
-    PyObject *value = PyObject_GetAttr(spec, &_Py_ID(_uninitialized_submodules));
+    PyObject *value;
-    if (value == NULL) {
+    int rc = PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(spec, &_Py_ID(_uninitialized_submodules), &value);
-        return 0;
+    if (rc > 0) {
-    }
+        rc = PySequence_Contains(value, name);
-
-    int is_uninitialized = PySequence_Contains(value, name);
         Py_DECREF(value);
-    if (is_uninitialized == -1) {
-        return 0;
     }
-    return is_uninitialized;
+    return rc;
 }
 
 PyObject*
@@ -840,25 +829,29 @@ _Py_module_getattro_impl(PyModuleObject *m, PyObject *name, int suppress)
             return NULL;
         }
         if (suppress != 1) {
-            if (_PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec)) {
+            int rc = _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec);
+            if (rc > 0) {
                 PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError,
                                 "partially initialized "
                                 "module '%U' has no attribute '%U' "
                                 "(most likely due to a circular import)",
                                 mod_name, name);
             }
-            else if (_PyModuleSpec_IsUninitializedSubmodule(spec, name)) {
+            else if (rc == 0) {
+                rc = _PyModuleSpec_IsUninitializedSubmodule(spec, name);
+                if (rc > 0) {
                     PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError,
                                 "cannot access submodule '%U' of module '%U' "
                                 "(most likely due to a circular import)",
                                 name, mod_name);
                 }
-            else {
+                else if (rc == 0) {
                     PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError,
                                 "module '%U' has no attribute '%U'",
                                 mod_name, name);
                 }
             }
+        }
         Py_XDECREF(spec);
         Py_DECREF(mod_name);
         return NULL;

Python/ceval.c

@@ -2614,11 +2614,10 @@ import_from(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *v, PyObject *name)
     /* Issue #17636: in case this failed because of a circular relative
        import, try to fallback on reading the module directly from
        sys.modules. */
-    pkgname = PyObject_GetAttr(v, &_Py_ID(__name__));
+    if (PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(v, &_Py_ID(__name__), &pkgname) < 0) {
-    if (pkgname == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
-        goto error;
     }
-    if (!PyUnicode_Check(pkgname)) {
+    if (pkgname == NULL || !PyUnicode_Check(pkgname)) {
         Py_CLEAR(pkgname);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -2635,42 +2634,59 @@ import_from(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *v, PyObject *name)
     Py_DECREF(pkgname);
     return x;
  error:
-    pkgpath = PyModule_GetFilenameObject(v);
     if (pkgname == NULL) {
         pkgname_or_unknown = PyUnicode_FromString("<unknown module name>");
         if (pkgname_or_unknown == NULL) {
-            Py_XDECREF(pkgpath);
             return NULL;
         }
     } else {
         pkgname_or_unknown = pkgname;
     }
 
-    if (pkgpath == NULL || !PyUnicode_Check(pkgpath)) {
+    pkgpath = NULL;
+    if (PyModule_Check(v)) {
+        pkgpath = PyModule_GetFilenameObject(v);
+        if (pkgpath == NULL) {
+            if (!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SystemError)) {
+                Py_DECREF(pkgname_or_unknown);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            // module filename missing
             _PyErr_Clear(tstate);
+        }
+    }
+    if (pkgpath == NULL || !PyUnicode_Check(pkgpath)) {
+        Py_CLEAR(pkgpath);
         errmsg = PyUnicode_FromFormat(
             "cannot import name %R from %R (unknown location)",
             name, pkgname_or_unknown
         );
-        /* NULL checks for errmsg and pkgname done by PyErr_SetImportError. */
-        _PyErr_SetImportErrorWithNameFrom(errmsg, pkgname, NULL, name);
     }
     else {
-        PyObject *spec = PyObject_GetAttr(v, &_Py_ID(__spec__));
+        PyObject *spec;
+        int rc = PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(v, &_Py_ID(__spec__), &spec);
+        if (rc > 0) {
+            rc = _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec);
+            Py_DECREF(spec);
+        }
+        if (rc < 0) {
+            Py_DECREF(pkgname_or_unknown);
+            Py_DECREF(pkgpath);
+            return NULL;
+        }
         const char *fmt =
-            _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec) ?
+            rc ?
             "cannot import name %R from partially initialized module %R "
             "(most likely due to a circular import) (%S)" :
             "cannot import name %R from %R (%S)";
-        Py_XDECREF(spec);
 
         errmsg = PyUnicode_FromFormat(fmt, name, pkgname_or_unknown, pkgpath);
+    }
     /* NULL checks for errmsg and pkgname done by PyErr_SetImportError. */
     _PyErr_SetImportErrorWithNameFrom(errmsg, pkgname, pkgpath, name);
-    }
 
     Py_XDECREF(errmsg);
-    Py_XDECREF(pkgname_or_unknown);
+    Py_DECREF(pkgname_or_unknown);
     Py_XDECREF(pkgpath);
     return NULL;
 }

Python/import.c

@@ -252,10 +252,14 @@ import_ensure_initialized(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyObject *mod, PyObject *n
        NOTE: because of this, initializing must be set *before*
        stuffing the new module in sys.modules.
     */
-    spec = PyObject_GetAttr(mod, &_Py_ID(__spec__));
+    int rc = PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(mod, &_Py_ID(__spec__), &spec);
-    int busy = _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec);
+    if (rc > 0) {
-    Py_XDECREF(spec);
+        rc = _PyModuleSpec_IsInitializing(spec);
-    if (busy) {
+        Py_DECREF(spec);
+    }
+    if (rc <= 0) {
+        return rc;
+    }
     /* Wait until module is done importing. */
     PyObject *value = PyObject_CallMethodOneArg(
         IMPORTLIB(interp), &_Py_ID(_lock_unlock_module), name);
@@ -263,7 +267,6 @@ import_ensure_initialized(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyObject *mod, PyObject *n
         return -1;
     }
     Py_DECREF(value);
-    }
     return 0;
 }