bpo-47066: Convert a warning about flags not at the start of the regular expression into error (GH-31994)

Doc/library/re.rst

@@ -299,6 +299,9 @@ The special characters are:
    :func:`re.compile` function.  Flags should be used first in the
    expression string.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+      This construction can only be used at the start of the expression.
+
 .. index:: single: (?:; in regular expressions
 
 ``(?:...)``

Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst

@@ -688,6 +688,11 @@ Changes in the Python API
   if no locale is specified.
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`46659`.)
 
+* Global inline flags (e.g. ``(?i)``) can now only be used at the start of
+  the regular expressions.  Using them not at the start of expression was
+  deprecated since Python 3.6.
+  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`47066`.)
+
 
 Build Changes
 =============

Lib/sre_parse.py

@@ -805,16 +805,9 @@ def _parse(source, state, verbose, nested, first=False):
                     flags = _parse_flags(source, state, char)
                     if flags is None:  # global flags
                         if not first or subpattern:
-                            import warnings
+                            raise source.error('global flags not at the start '
-                            warnings.warn(
+                                               'of the expression',
-                                'Flags not at the start of the expression %r%s'
+                                               source.tell() - start)
-                                ' but at position %d' % (
-                                    source.string[:20],  # truncate long regexes
-                                    ' (truncated)' if len(source.string) > 20 else '',
-                                    start,
-                                ),
-                                DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=nested + 6
-                            )
                         if (state.flags & SRE_FLAG_VERBOSE) and not verbose:
                             raise Verbose
                         continue

Lib/test/test_re.py

@@ -1439,66 +1439,22 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(re.match('(?x) (?i) ' + upper_char, lower_char))
         self.assertTrue(re.match(' (?x) (?i) ' + upper_char, lower_char, re.X))
 
-        p = upper_char + '(?i)'
+        msg = "global flags not at the start of the expression"
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
+        self.checkPatternError(upper_char + '(?i)', msg, 1)
-            self.assertTrue(re.match(p, lower_char))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-            'Flags not at the start of the expression %r'
-            ' but at position 1' % p
-        )
-        self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
-
-        p = upper_char + '(?i)%s' % ('.?' * 100)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
-            self.assertTrue(re.match(p, lower_char))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-            'Flags not at the start of the expression %r (truncated)'
-            ' but at position 1' % p[:20]
-        )
-        self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
 
         # bpo-30605: Compiling a bytes instance regex was throwing a BytesWarning
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             warnings.simplefilter('error', BytesWarning)
-            p = b'A(?i)'
+            self.checkPatternError(b'A(?i)', msg, 1)
-            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
-                self.assertTrue(re.match(p, b'a'))
-            self.assertEqual(
-                str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-                'Flags not at the start of the expression %r'
-                ' but at position 1' % p
-            )
-            self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
 
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+        self.checkPatternError('(?s).(?i)' + upper_char, msg, 5)
-            self.assertTrue(re.match('(?s).(?i)' + upper_char, '\n' + lower_char))
+        self.checkPatternError('(?i) ' + upper_char + ' (?x)', msg, 7)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+        self.checkPatternError(' (?x) (?i) ' + upper_char, msg, 1)
-            self.assertTrue(re.match('(?i) ' + upper_char + ' (?x)', lower_char))
+        self.checkPatternError('^(?i)' + upper_char, msg, 1)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+        self.checkPatternError('$|(?i)' + upper_char, msg, 2)
-            self.assertTrue(re.match(' (?x) (?i) ' + upper_char, lower_char))
+        self.checkPatternError('(?:(?i)' + upper_char + ')', msg, 3)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+        self.checkPatternError('(^)?(?(1)(?i)' + upper_char + ')', msg, 9)
-            self.assertTrue(re.match('^(?i)' + upper_char, lower_char))
+        self.checkPatternError('($)?(?(1)|(?i)' + upper_char + ')', msg, 10)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
-            self.assertTrue(re.match('$|(?i)' + upper_char, lower_char))
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
-            self.assertTrue(re.match('(?:(?i)' + upper_char + ')', lower_char))
-        self.assertRegex(str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-                         'Flags not at the start')
-        self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
-            self.assertTrue(re.fullmatch('(^)?(?(1)(?i)' + upper_char + ')',
-                                         lower_char))
-        self.assertRegex(str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-                         'Flags not at the start')
-        self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as warns:
-            self.assertTrue(re.fullmatch('($)?(?(1)|(?i)' + upper_char + ')',
-                                         lower_char))
-        self.assertRegex(str(warns.warnings[0].message),
-                         'Flags not at the start')
-        self.assertEqual(warns.warnings[0].filename, __file__)
 
 
     def test_dollar_matches_twice(self):

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2022-03-19-14-12-23.bpo-47066.we3YFx.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Global inline flags (e.g. ``(?i)``) can now only be used at the start of the
+regular expressions.  Using them not at the start of expression was
+deprecated since Python 3.6.