Issue #16099: RobotFileParser now supports Crawl-delay and Request-rate

extensions.

Patch by Nikolay Bogoychev.

Doc/library/urllib.robotparser.rst

@@ -53,15 +53,41 @@ structure of :file:`robots.txt` files, see http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html.
       Sets the time the ``robots.txt`` file was last fetched to the current
       time.
 
+   .. method:: crawl_delay(useragent)
 
-The following example demonstrates basic use of the RobotFileParser class.
+      Returns the value of the ``Crawl-delay`` parameter from ``robots.txt``
+      for the *useragent* in question.  If there is no such parameter or it
+      doesn't apply to the *useragent* specified or the ``robots.txt`` entry
+      for this parameter has invalid syntax, return ``None``.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.6
+
+   .. method:: request_rate(useragent)
+
+      Returns the contents of the ``Request-rate`` parameter from
+      ``robots.txt`` in the form of a :func:`~collections.namedtuple`
+      ``(requests, seconds)``.  If there is no such parameter or it doesn't
+      apply to the *useragent* specified or the ``robots.txt`` entry for this
+      parameter has invalid syntax, return ``None``.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.6
+
+
+The following example demonstrates basic use of the :class:`RobotFileParser`
+class::
 
    >>> import urllib.robotparser
    >>> rp = urllib.robotparser.RobotFileParser()
    >>> rp.set_url("http://www.musi-cal.com/robots.txt")
    >>> rp.read()
+   >>> rrate = rp.request_rate("*")
+   >>> rrate.requests
+   3
+   >>> rrate.seconds
+   20
+   >>> rp.crawl_delay("*")
+   6
    >>> rp.can_fetch("*", "http://www.musi-cal.com/cgi-bin/search?city=San+Francisco")
    False
    >>> rp.can_fetch("*", "http://www.musi-cal.com/")
    True
-

Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst

@@ -119,6 +119,14 @@ datetime
   (Contributed by Ashley Anderson in :issue:`12006`.)
 
 
+urllib.robotparser
+------------------
+
+:class:`~urllib.robotparser.RobotFileParser` now supports ``Crawl-delay`` and
+``Request-rate`` extensions.
+(Contributed by Nikolay Bogoychev in :issue:`16099`.)
+
+
 Optimizations
 =============
 

Lib/test/test_robotparser.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import io
 import unittest
 import urllib.robotparser
+from collections import namedtuple
 from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError
 from urllib.request import urlopen
 from test import support
@@ -12,7 +13,8 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 class RobotTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-    def __init__(self, index=None, parser=None, url=None, good=None, agent=None):
+    def __init__(self, index=None, parser=None, url=None, good=None,
+                 agent=None, request_rate=None, crawl_delay=None):
         # workaround to make unittest discovery work (see #17066)
         if not isinstance(index, int):
             return
@@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ class RobotTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.url = url
         self.good = good
         self.agent = agent
+        self.request_rate = request_rate
+        self.crawl_delay = crawl_delay
 
     def runTest(self):
         if isinstance(self.url, tuple):
@@ -34,6 +38,18 @@ class RobotTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             agent = self.agent
         if self.good:
             self.assertTrue(self.parser.can_fetch(agent, url))
+            self.assertEqual(self.parser.crawl_delay(agent), self.crawl_delay)
+            # if we have actual values for request rate
+            if self.request_rate and self.parser.request_rate(agent):
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    self.parser.request_rate(agent).requests,
+                    self.request_rate.requests
+                )
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    self.parser.request_rate(agent).seconds,
+                    self.request_rate.seconds
+                )
+            self.assertEqual(self.parser.request_rate(agent), self.request_rate)
         else:
             self.assertFalse(self.parser.can_fetch(agent, url))
 
@@ -43,15 +59,17 @@ class RobotTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 tests = unittest.TestSuite()
 
 def RobotTest(index, robots_txt, good_urls, bad_urls,
-              agent="test_robotparser"):
+              request_rate, crawl_delay, agent="test_robotparser"):
 
     lines = io.StringIO(robots_txt).readlines()
     parser = urllib.robotparser.RobotFileParser()
     parser.parse(lines)
     for url in good_urls:
-        tests.addTest(RobotTestCase(index, parser, url, 1, agent))
+        tests.addTest(RobotTestCase(index, parser, url, 1, agent,
+                      request_rate, crawl_delay))
     for url in bad_urls:
-        tests.addTest(RobotTestCase(index, parser, url, 0, agent))
+        tests.addTest(RobotTestCase(index, parser, url, 0, agent,
+                      request_rate, crawl_delay))
 
 # Examples from http://www.robotstxt.org/wc/norobots.html (fetched 2002)
 
@@ -65,14 +83,18 @@ Disallow: /foo.html
 
 good = ['/','/test.html']
 bad = ['/cyberworld/map/index.html','/tmp/xxx','/foo.html']
+request_rate = None
+crawl_delay = None
 
-RobotTest(1, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(1, doc, good, bad, request_rate, crawl_delay)
 
 # 2.
 doc = """
 # robots.txt for http://www.example.com/
 
 User-agent: *
+Crawl-delay: 1
+Request-rate: 3/15
 Disallow: /cyberworld/map/ # This is an infinite virtual URL space
 
 # Cybermapper knows where to go.
@@ -83,8 +105,10 @@ Disallow:
 
 good = ['/','/test.html',('cybermapper','/cyberworld/map/index.html')]
 bad = ['/cyberworld/map/index.html']
+request_rate = None  # The parameters should be equal to None since they
+crawl_delay = None   # don't apply to the cybermapper user agent
 
-RobotTest(2, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(2, doc, good, bad, request_rate, crawl_delay)
 
 # 3.
 doc = """
@@ -95,14 +119,18 @@ Disallow: /
 
 good = []
 bad = ['/cyberworld/map/index.html','/','/tmp/']
+request_rate = None
+crawl_delay = None
 
-RobotTest(3, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(3, doc, good, bad, request_rate, crawl_delay)
 
 # Examples from http://www.robotstxt.org/wc/norobots-rfc.html (fetched 2002)
 
 # 4.
 doc = """
 User-agent: figtree
+Crawl-delay: 3
+Request-rate: 9/30
 Disallow: /tmp
 Disallow: /a%3cd.html
 Disallow: /a%2fb.html
@@ -115,8 +143,17 @@ bad = ['/tmp','/tmp.html','/tmp/a.html',
        '/~joe/index.html'
        ]
 
-RobotTest(4, doc, good, bad, 'figtree')
+request_rate = namedtuple('req_rate', 'requests seconds')
-RobotTest(5, doc, good, bad, 'FigTree Robot libwww-perl/5.04')
+request_rate.requests = 9
+request_rate.seconds = 30
+crawl_delay = 3
+request_rate_bad = None  # not actually tested, but we still need to parse it
+crawl_delay_bad = None  # in order to accommodate the input parameters
+
+
+RobotTest(4, doc, good, bad, request_rate, crawl_delay, 'figtree' )
+RobotTest(5, doc, good, bad, request_rate_bad, crawl_delay_bad,
+          'FigTree Robot libwww-perl/5.04')
 
 # 6.
 doc = """
@@ -125,14 +162,18 @@ Disallow: /tmp/
 Disallow: /a%3Cd.html
 Disallow: /a/b.html
 Disallow: /%7ejoe/index.html
+Crawl-delay: 3
+Request-rate: 9/banana
 """
 
 good = ['/tmp',] # XFAIL: '/a%2fb.html'
 bad = ['/tmp/','/tmp/a.html',
        '/a%3cd.html','/a%3Cd.html',"/a/b.html",
        '/%7Ejoe/index.html']
+crawl_delay = 3
+request_rate = None  # since request rate has invalid syntax, return None
 
-RobotTest(6, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(6, doc, good, bad, None, None)
 
 # From bug report #523041
 
@@ -140,12 +181,16 @@ RobotTest(6, doc, good, bad)
 doc = """
 User-Agent: *
 Disallow: /.
+Crawl-delay: pears
 """
 
 good = ['/foo.html']
-bad = [] # Bug report says "/" should be denied, but that is not in the RFC
+bad = []  # bug report says "/" should be denied, but that is not in the RFC
 
-RobotTest(7, doc, good, bad)
+crawl_delay = None  # since crawl delay has invalid syntax, return None
+request_rate = None
+
+RobotTest(7, doc, good, bad, crawl_delay, request_rate)
 
 # From Google: http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=40364
 
@@ -154,12 +199,15 @@ doc = """
 User-agent: Googlebot
 Allow: /folder1/myfile.html
 Disallow: /folder1/
+Request-rate: whale/banana
 """
 
 good = ['/folder1/myfile.html']
 bad = ['/folder1/anotherfile.html']
+crawl_delay = None
+request_rate = None  # invalid syntax, return none
 
-RobotTest(8, doc, good, bad, agent="Googlebot")
+RobotTest(8, doc, good, bad, crawl_delay, request_rate, agent="Googlebot")
 
 # 9.  This file is incorrect because "Googlebot" is a substring of
 #     "Googlebot-Mobile", so test 10 works just like test 9.
@@ -174,12 +222,12 @@ Allow: /
 good = []
 bad = ['/something.jpg']
 
-RobotTest(9, doc, good, bad, agent="Googlebot")
+RobotTest(9, doc, good, bad, None, None, agent="Googlebot")
 
 good = []
 bad = ['/something.jpg']
 
-RobotTest(10, doc, good, bad, agent="Googlebot-Mobile")
+RobotTest(10, doc, good, bad, None, None, agent="Googlebot-Mobile")
 
 # 11.  Get the order correct.
 doc = """
@@ -193,12 +241,12 @@ Disallow: /
 good = []
 bad = ['/something.jpg']
 
-RobotTest(11, doc, good, bad, agent="Googlebot")
+RobotTest(11, doc, good, bad, None, None, agent="Googlebot")
 
 good = ['/something.jpg']
 bad = []
 
-RobotTest(12, doc, good, bad, agent="Googlebot-Mobile")
+RobotTest(12, doc, good, bad, None, None, agent="Googlebot-Mobile")
 
 
 # 13.  Google also got the order wrong in #8.  You need to specify the
@@ -212,7 +260,7 @@ Disallow: /folder1/
 good = ['/folder1/myfile.html']
 bad = ['/folder1/anotherfile.html']
 
-RobotTest(13, doc, good, bad, agent="googlebot")
+RobotTest(13, doc, good, bad, None, None, agent="googlebot")
 
 
 # 14. For issue #6325 (query string support)
@@ -224,7 +272,7 @@ Disallow: /some/path?name=value
 good = ['/some/path']
 bad = ['/some/path?name=value']
 
-RobotTest(14, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(14, doc, good, bad, None, None)
 
 # 15. For issue #4108 (obey first * entry)
 doc = """
@@ -238,7 +286,7 @@ Disallow: /another/path
 good = ['/another/path']
 bad = ['/some/path']
 
-RobotTest(15, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(15, doc, good, bad, None, None)
 
 # 16. Empty query (issue #17403). Normalizing the url first.
 doc = """
@@ -250,7 +298,7 @@ Disallow: /another/path?
 good = ['/some/path?']
 bad = ['/another/path?']
 
-RobotTest(16, doc, good, bad)
+RobotTest(16, doc, good, bad, None, None)
 
 
 class RobotHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):

Lib/urllib/robotparser.py

@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
     http://www.robotstxt.org/norobots-rfc.txt
 """
 
-import urllib.parse, urllib.request
+import collections
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
 
 __all__ = ["RobotFileParser"]
 
@@ -120,10 +122,29 @@ class RobotFileParser:
                     if state != 0:
                         entry.rulelines.append(RuleLine(line[1], True))
                         state = 2
+                elif line[0] == "crawl-delay":
+                    if state != 0:
+                        # before trying to convert to int we need to make
+                        # sure that robots.txt has valid syntax otherwise
+                        # it will crash
+                        if line[1].strip().isdigit():
+                            entry.delay = int(line[1])
+                        state = 2
+                elif line[0] == "request-rate":
+                    if state != 0:
+                        numbers = line[1].split('/')
+                        # check if all values are sane
+                        if (len(numbers) == 2 and numbers[0].strip().isdigit()
+                            and numbers[1].strip().isdigit()):
+                            req_rate = collections.namedtuple('req_rate',
+                                                              'requests seconds')
+                            entry.req_rate = req_rate
+                            entry.req_rate.requests = int(numbers[0])
+                            entry.req_rate.seconds = int(numbers[1])
+                        state = 2
         if state == 2:
             self._add_entry(entry)
 
-
     def can_fetch(self, useragent, url):
         """using the parsed robots.txt decide if useragent can fetch url"""
         if self.disallow_all:
@@ -153,6 +174,18 @@ class RobotFileParser:
         # agent not found ==> access granted
         return True
 
+    def crawl_delay(self, useragent):
+        for entry in self.entries:
+            if entry.applies_to(useragent):
+                return entry.delay
+        return None
+
+    def request_rate(self, useragent):
+        for entry in self.entries:
+            if entry.applies_to(useragent):
+                return entry.req_rate
+        return None
+
     def __str__(self):
         return ''.join([str(entry) + "\n" for entry in self.entries])
 
@@ -180,6 +213,8 @@ class Entry:
     def __init__(self):
         self.useragents = []
         self.rulelines = []
+        self.delay = None
+        self.req_rate = None
 
     def __str__(self):
         ret = []

Misc/ACKS

@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ Finn Bock
 Paul Boddie
 Matthew Boedicker
 Robin Boerdijk
+Nikolay Bogoychev
 David Bolen
 Wouter Bolsterlee
 Gawain Bolton

Misc/NEWS

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-+++++++++++
++++++++++++
 Python News
 +++++++++++
 
@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ Core and Builtins
 Library
 -------
 
+- Issue #16099: RobotFileParser now supports Crawl-delay and Request-rate
+  extensions.  Patch by Nikolay Bogoychev.
+
 - Issue #25316: distutils raises OSError instead of DistutilsPlatformError
   when MSVC is not installed.