Issue #25576: Remove application/x-www-form-urlencoded charset advice

No charset parameter is standardized for this Content-Type value. Also
clarify that urlencode() outputs ASCII.

Doc/howto/urllib2.rst

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ library. ::
               'language' : 'Python' }
 
     data = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
-    data = data.encode('utf-8') # data should be bytes
+    data = data.encode('ascii') # data should be bytes
     req = urllib.request.Request(url, data)
     with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
        the_page = response.read()
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ Explorer [#]_. ::
               'language' : 'Python' }
     headers = { 'User-Agent' : user_agent }
 
-    data  = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
+    data = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
-    data = data.encode('utf-8')
+    data = data.encode('ascii')
     req = urllib.request.Request(url, data, headers)
     with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
        the_page = response.read()

Doc/library/urllib.parse.rst

@@ -519,10 +519,11 @@ task isn't already covered by the URL parsing functions above.
 .. function:: urlencode(query, doseq=False, safe='', encoding=None, errors=None)
 
    Convert a mapping object or a sequence of two-element tuples, which may
-   contain :class:`str` or :class:`bytes` objects, to a "percent-encoded"
+   contain :class:`str` or :class:`bytes` objects, to a percent-encoded ASCII
-   string.  If the resultant string is to be used as a *data* for POST
+   text string.  If the resultant string is to be used as a *data* for POST
-   operation with :func:`~urllib.request.urlopen` function, then it should be
+   operation with the :func:`~urllib.request.urlopen` function, then
-   properly encoded to bytes, otherwise it would result in a :exc:`TypeError`.
+   it should be encoded to bytes, otherwise it would result in a
+   :exc:`TypeError`.
 
    The resulting string is a series of ``key=value`` pairs separated by ``'&'``
    characters, where both *key* and *value* are quoted using :func:`quote_plus`

Doc/library/urllib.request.rst

@@ -36,13 +36,8 @@ The :mod:`urllib.request` module defines the following functions:
    *data* should be a buffer in the standard
    :mimetype:`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format.  The
    :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` function takes a mapping or sequence of
-   2-tuples and returns a string in this format. It should be encoded to bytes
+   2-tuples and returns an ASCII text string in this format. It should
-   before being used as the *data* parameter. The charset parameter in
+   be encoded to bytes before being used as the *data* parameter.
-   ``Content-Type`` header may be used to specify the encoding. If charset
-   parameter is not sent with the Content-Type header, the server following the
-   HTTP 1.1 recommendation may assume that the data is encoded in ISO-8859-1
-   encoding. It is advisable to use charset parameter with encoding used in
-   ``Content-Type`` header with the :class:`Request`.
 
    urllib.request module uses HTTP/1.1 and includes ``Connection:close`` header
    in its HTTP requests.
@@ -179,16 +174,9 @@ The following classes are provided:
    the only ones that use *data*; the HTTP request will be a POST instead of a
    GET when the *data* parameter is provided.  *data* should be a buffer in the
    standard :mimetype:`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format.
-
    The :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` function takes a mapping or sequence of
-   2-tuples and returns a string in this format. It should be encoded to bytes
+   2-tuples and returns an ASCII string in this format. It should be
-   before being used as the *data* parameter. The charset parameter in
+   encoded to bytes before being used as the *data* parameter.
-   ``Content-Type`` header may be used to specify the encoding. If charset
-   parameter is not sent with the Content-Type header, the server following the
-   HTTP 1.1 recommendation may assume that the data is encoded in ISO-8859-1
-   encoding. It is advisable to use charset parameter with encoding used in
-   ``Content-Type`` header with the :class:`Request`.
-
 
    *headers* should be a dictionary, and will be treated as if
    :meth:`add_header` was called with each key and value as arguments.
@@ -201,7 +189,7 @@ The following classes are provided:
    ``"Python-urllib/2.6"`` (on Python 2.6).
 
    An example of using ``Content-Type`` header with *data* argument would be
-   sending a dictionary like ``{"Content-Type":" application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"}``.
+   sending a dictionary like ``{"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}``.
 
    The final two arguments are only of interest for correct handling
    of third-party HTTP cookies:
@@ -1169,7 +1157,7 @@ every :class:`Request`.  To change this::
    opener.open('http://www.example.com/')
 
 Also, remember that a few standard headers (:mailheader:`Content-Length`,
-:mailheader:`Content-Type` without charset parameter and :mailheader:`Host`)
+:mailheader:`Content-Type` and :mailheader:`Host`)
 are added when the :class:`Request` is passed to :func:`urlopen` (or
 :meth:`OpenerDirector.open`).
 
@@ -1192,11 +1180,8 @@ from urlencode is encoded to bytes before it is sent to urlopen as data::
    >>> import urllib.request
    >>> import urllib.parse
    >>> data = urllib.parse.urlencode({'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'bacon': 0})
-   >>> data = data.encode('utf-8')
+   >>> data = data.encode('ascii')
-   >>> request = urllib.request.Request("http://requestb.in/xrbl82xr")
+   >>> with urllib.request.urlopen("http://requestb.in/xrbl82xr", data) as f:
-   >>> # adding charset parameter to the Content-Type header.
-   >>> request.add_header("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8")
-   >>> with urllib.request.urlopen(request, data) as f:
    ...     print(f.read().decode('utf-8'))
    ...