gh-115999: Enable specialization of CALL instructions in free-threaded builds (#127123)

The CALL family of instructions were mostly thread-safe already and only required a small number of changes, which are documented below.

A few changes were needed to make CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT thread-safe:

Added _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion, which returns the type version corresponding to the returned ref.

Added _PyType_CacheInitForSpecialization, which takes an init method and the corresponding type version and only populates the specialization cache if the current type version matches the supplied version. This prevents potentially caching a stale value in free-threaded builds if we race with an update to __init__.

Only cache __init__ functions that are deferred in free-threaded builds. This ensures that the reference to __init__ that is stored in the specialization cache is valid if the type version guard in _CHECK_AND_ALLOCATE_OBJECT passes.
Fix a bug in _CREATE_INIT_FRAME where the frame is pushed to the stack on failure.

A few other miscellaneous changes were also needed:

Use {LOCK,UNLOCK}_OBJECT in LIST_APPEND. This ensures that the list's per-object lock is held while we are appending to it.

Add missing co_tlbc for _Py_InitCleanup.

Stop/start the world around setting the eval frame hook. This allows us to read interp->eval_frame non-atomically and preserves the behavior of _CHECK_PEP_523 documented below.
This commit is contained in:
mpage 2024-12-03 11:20:20 -08:00 committed by GitHub
parent fc5a0dc224
commit dabcecfd6d
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG key ID: B5690EEEBB952194
11 changed files with 220 additions and 92 deletions

View file

@ -835,6 +835,20 @@ extern int _PyObject_StoreInstanceAttribute(PyObject *obj,
PyObject *name, PyObject *value); PyObject *name, PyObject *value);
extern bool _PyObject_TryGetInstanceAttribute(PyObject *obj, PyObject *name, extern bool _PyObject_TryGetInstanceAttribute(PyObject *obj, PyObject *name,
PyObject **attr); PyObject **attr);
extern PyObject *_PyType_LookupRefAndVersion(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *,
unsigned int *);
// Cache the provided init method in the specialization cache of type if the
// provided type version matches the current version of the type.
//
// The cached value is borrowed and is only valid if guarded by a type
// version check. In free-threaded builds the init method must also use
// deferred reference counting.
//
// Returns 1 if the value was cached or 0 otherwise.
extern int _PyType_CacheInitForSpecialization(PyHeapTypeObject *type,
PyObject *init,
unsigned int tp_version);
#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
# define MANAGED_DICT_OFFSET (((Py_ssize_t)sizeof(PyObject *))*-1) # define MANAGED_DICT_OFFSET (((Py_ssize_t)sizeof(PyObject *))*-1)

View file

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import types
import unittest import unittest
import test.support import test.support
from test.support import requires_specialization, script_helper from test.support import requires_specialization_ft, script_helper
from test.support.import_helper import import_module from test.support.import_helper import import_module
_testcapi = test.support.import_helper.import_module("_testcapi") _testcapi = test.support.import_helper.import_module("_testcapi")
@ -850,6 +850,13 @@ class ReturnRecorder:
def __call__(self, code, offset, val): def __call__(self, code, offset, val):
self.events.append(("return", code.co_name, val)) self.events.append(("return", code.co_name, val))
# gh-127274: CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT will only cache __init__ methods that
# are deferred. We only defer functions defined at the top-level.
class ValueErrorRaiser:
def __init__(self):
raise ValueError()
class ExceptionMonitoringTest(CheckEvents): class ExceptionMonitoringTest(CheckEvents):
exception_recorders = ( exception_recorders = (
@ -1045,16 +1052,12 @@ class ExceptionMonitoringTest(CheckEvents):
) )
self.assertEqual(events[0], ("throw", IndexError)) self.assertEqual(events[0], ("throw", IndexError))
@requires_specialization @requires_specialization_ft
def test_no_unwind_for_shim_frame(self): def test_no_unwind_for_shim_frame(self):
class B:
def __init__(self):
raise ValueError()
def f(): def f():
try: try:
return B() return ValueErrorRaiser()
except ValueError: except ValueError:
pass pass

View file

@ -493,6 +493,18 @@ class TestLoadMethodCache(unittest.TestCase):
self.assertFalse(f()) self.assertFalse(f())
# gh-127274: CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT will only cache __init__ methods that
# are deferred. We only defer functions defined at the top-level.
class MyClass:
def __init__(self):
pass
class InitTakesArg:
def __init__(self, arg):
self.arg = arg
class TestCallCache(TestBase): class TestCallCache(TestBase):
def test_too_many_defaults_0(self): def test_too_many_defaults_0(self):
def f(): def f():
@ -522,12 +534,8 @@ class TestCallCache(TestBase):
f() f()
@disabling_optimizer @disabling_optimizer
@requires_specialization @requires_specialization_ft
def test_assign_init_code(self): def test_assign_init_code(self):
class MyClass:
def __init__(self):
pass
def instantiate(): def instantiate():
return MyClass() return MyClass()
@ -544,6 +552,20 @@ class TestCallCache(TestBase):
MyClass.__init__.__code__ = count_args.__code__ MyClass.__init__.__code__ = count_args.__code__
instantiate() instantiate()
@disabling_optimizer
@requires_specialization_ft
def test_push_init_frame_fails(self):
def instantiate():
return InitTakesArg()
for _ in range(2):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
instantiate()
self.assert_specialized(instantiate, "CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT")
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
instantiate()
@threading_helper.requires_working_threading() @threading_helper.requires_working_threading()
class TestRacesDoNotCrash(TestBase): class TestRacesDoNotCrash(TestBase):

View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
import unittest import unittest
import dis import dis
from test import support from test import support
from test.support import import_helper, requires_specialization from test.support import import_helper, requires_specialization, requires_specialization_ft
try: try:
from sys import _clear_type_cache from sys import _clear_type_cache
except ImportError: except ImportError:
@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class TypeCacheTests(unittest.TestCase):
HolderSub.value HolderSub.value
@support.cpython_only @support.cpython_only
@requires_specialization
class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase): class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
def tearDown(self): def tearDown(self):
_clear_type_cache() _clear_type_cache()
@ -140,6 +139,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
else: else:
self.assertIn(opname, self._all_opnames(func)) self.assertIn(opname, self._all_opnames(func))
@requires_specialization
def test_class_load_attr_specialization_user_type(self): def test_class_load_attr_specialization_user_type(self):
class A: class A:
def foo(self): def foo(self):
@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
self._check_specialization(load_foo_2, A, "LOAD_ATTR", should_specialize=False) self._check_specialization(load_foo_2, A, "LOAD_ATTR", should_specialize=False)
@requires_specialization
def test_class_load_attr_specialization_static_type(self): def test_class_load_attr_specialization_static_type(self):
self.assertNotEqual(type_get_version(str), 0) self.assertNotEqual(type_get_version(str), 0)
self.assertNotEqual(type_get_version(bytes), 0) self.assertNotEqual(type_get_version(bytes), 0)
@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
self.assertEqual(get_capitalize_1(str)('hello'), 'Hello') self.assertEqual(get_capitalize_1(str)('hello'), 'Hello')
self.assertEqual(get_capitalize_1(bytes)(b'hello'), b'Hello') self.assertEqual(get_capitalize_1(bytes)(b'hello'), b'Hello')
@requires_specialization
def test_property_load_attr_specialization_user_type(self): def test_property_load_attr_specialization_user_type(self):
class G: class G:
@property @property
@ -192,6 +194,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
self._check_specialization(load_x_2, G(), "LOAD_ATTR", should_specialize=False) self._check_specialization(load_x_2, G(), "LOAD_ATTR", should_specialize=False)
@requires_specialization
def test_store_attr_specialization_user_type(self): def test_store_attr_specialization_user_type(self):
class B: class B:
__slots__ = ("bar",) __slots__ = ("bar",)
@ -211,6 +214,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
self._check_specialization(store_bar_2, B(), "STORE_ATTR", should_specialize=False) self._check_specialization(store_bar_2, B(), "STORE_ATTR", should_specialize=False)
@requires_specialization_ft
def test_class_call_specialization_user_type(self): def test_class_call_specialization_user_type(self):
class F: class F:
def __init__(self): def __init__(self):
@ -231,6 +235,7 @@ class TypeCacheWithSpecializationTests(unittest.TestCase):
self._check_specialization(call_class_2, F, "CALL", should_specialize=False) self._check_specialization(call_class_2, F, "CALL", should_specialize=False)
@requires_specialization
def test_to_bool_specialization_user_type(self): def test_to_bool_specialization_user_type(self):
class H: class H:
pass pass

View file

@ -5528,9 +5528,12 @@ _PyTypes_AfterFork(void)
} }
/* Internal API to look for a name through the MRO. /* Internal API to look for a name through the MRO.
This returns a borrowed reference, and doesn't set an exception! */ This returns a strong reference, and doesn't set an exception!
If nonzero, version is set to the value of type->tp_version at the time of
the lookup.
*/
PyObject * PyObject *
_PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name) _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name, unsigned int *version)
{ {
PyObject *res; PyObject *res;
int error; int error;
@ -5553,6 +5556,9 @@ _PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
// If the sequence is still valid then we're done // If the sequence is still valid then we're done
if (value == NULL || _Py_TryIncref(value)) { if (value == NULL || _Py_TryIncref(value)) {
if (_PySeqLock_EndRead(&entry->sequence, sequence)) { if (_PySeqLock_EndRead(&entry->sequence, sequence)) {
if (version != NULL) {
*version = entry_version;
}
return value; return value;
} }
Py_XDECREF(value); Py_XDECREF(value);
@ -5574,6 +5580,9 @@ _PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
OBJECT_STAT_INC_COND(type_cache_hits, !is_dunder_name(name)); OBJECT_STAT_INC_COND(type_cache_hits, !is_dunder_name(name));
OBJECT_STAT_INC_COND(type_cache_dunder_hits, is_dunder_name(name)); OBJECT_STAT_INC_COND(type_cache_dunder_hits, is_dunder_name(name));
Py_XINCREF(entry->value); Py_XINCREF(entry->value);
if (version != NULL) {
*version = entry->version;
}
return entry->value; return entry->value;
} }
#endif #endif
@ -5587,12 +5596,12 @@ _PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
// anyone else can modify our mro or mutate the type. // anyone else can modify our mro or mutate the type.
int has_version = 0; int has_version = 0;
int version = 0; unsigned int assigned_version = 0;
BEGIN_TYPE_LOCK(); BEGIN_TYPE_LOCK();
res = find_name_in_mro(type, name, &error); res = find_name_in_mro(type, name, &error);
if (MCACHE_CACHEABLE_NAME(name)) { if (MCACHE_CACHEABLE_NAME(name)) {
has_version = assign_version_tag(interp, type); has_version = assign_version_tag(interp, type);
version = type->tp_version_tag; assigned_version = type->tp_version_tag;
} }
END_TYPE_LOCK(); END_TYPE_LOCK();
@ -5609,28 +5618,67 @@ _PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
if (error == -1) { if (error == -1) {
PyErr_Clear(); PyErr_Clear();
} }
if (version != NULL) {
// 0 is not a valid version
*version = 0;
}
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
if (has_version) { if (has_version) {
#if Py_GIL_DISABLED #if Py_GIL_DISABLED
update_cache_gil_disabled(entry, name, version, res); update_cache_gil_disabled(entry, name, assigned_version, res);
#else #else
PyObject *old_value = update_cache(entry, name, version, res); PyObject *old_value = update_cache(entry, name, assigned_version, res);
Py_DECREF(old_value); Py_DECREF(old_value);
#endif #endif
} }
if (version != NULL) {
// 0 is not a valid version
*version = has_version ? assigned_version : 0;
}
return res; return res;
} }
/* Internal API to look for a name through the MRO.
This returns a strong reference, and doesn't set an exception!
*/
PyObject *
_PyType_LookupRef(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
{
return _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion(type, name, NULL);
}
/* Internal API to look for a name through the MRO.
This returns a borrowed reference, and doesn't set an exception! */
PyObject * PyObject *
_PyType_Lookup(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name) _PyType_Lookup(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name)
{ {
PyObject *res = _PyType_LookupRef(type, name); PyObject *res = _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion(type, name, NULL);
Py_XDECREF(res); Py_XDECREF(res);
return res; return res;
} }
int
_PyType_CacheInitForSpecialization(PyHeapTypeObject *type, PyObject *init,
unsigned int tp_version)
{
if (!init || !tp_version) {
return 0;
}
int can_cache;
BEGIN_TYPE_LOCK();
can_cache = ((PyTypeObject*)type)->tp_version_tag == tp_version;
#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
can_cache = can_cache && _PyObject_HasDeferredRefcount(init);
#endif
if (can_cache) {
FT_ATOMIC_STORE_PTR_RELEASE(type->_spec_cache.init, init);
}
END_TYPE_LOCK();
return can_cache;
}
static void static void
set_flags(PyTypeObject *self, unsigned long mask, unsigned long flags) set_flags(PyTypeObject *self, unsigned long mask, unsigned long flags)
{ {

View file

@ -3329,7 +3329,7 @@ dummy_func(
}; };
specializing op(_SPECIALIZE_CALL, (counter/1, callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg] -- callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg])) { specializing op(_SPECIALIZE_CALL, (counter/1, callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg] -- callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg])) {
#if ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION #if ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION_FT
if (ADAPTIVE_COUNTER_TRIGGERS(counter)) { if (ADAPTIVE_COUNTER_TRIGGERS(counter)) {
next_instr = this_instr; next_instr = this_instr;
_Py_Specialize_Call(callable[0], next_instr, oparg + !PyStackRef_IsNull(self_or_null[0])); _Py_Specialize_Call(callable[0], next_instr, oparg + !PyStackRef_IsNull(self_or_null[0]));
@ -3337,7 +3337,7 @@ dummy_func(
} }
OPCODE_DEFERRED_INC(CALL); OPCODE_DEFERRED_INC(CALL);
ADVANCE_ADAPTIVE_COUNTER(this_instr[1].counter); ADVANCE_ADAPTIVE_COUNTER(this_instr[1].counter);
#endif /* ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION */ #endif /* ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION_FT */
} }
op(_MAYBE_EXPAND_METHOD, (callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg] -- func[1], maybe_self[1], args[oparg])) { op(_MAYBE_EXPAND_METHOD, (callable[1], self_or_null[1], args[oparg] -- func[1], maybe_self[1], args[oparg])) {
@ -3722,10 +3722,10 @@ dummy_func(
DEOPT_IF(!PyStackRef_IsNull(null[0])); DEOPT_IF(!PyStackRef_IsNull(null[0]));
DEOPT_IF(!PyType_Check(callable_o)); DEOPT_IF(!PyType_Check(callable_o));
PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o; PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o;
DEOPT_IF(tp->tp_version_tag != type_version); DEOPT_IF(FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_UINT32_RELAXED(tp->tp_version_tag) != type_version);
assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES); assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES);
PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o; PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o;
PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)cls->_spec_cache.init; PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_PTR_ACQUIRE(cls->_spec_cache.init);
PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code; PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code;
DEOPT_IF(!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize)); DEOPT_IF(!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize));
STAT_INC(CALL, hit); STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
@ -3743,17 +3743,19 @@ dummy_func(
_PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked( _PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked(
tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame); tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK); assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[1].op.code == RETURN_VALUE);
/* Push self onto stack of shim */ /* Push self onto stack of shim */
shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]); shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]);
DEAD(init); DEAD(init);
DEAD(self); DEAD(self);
init_frame = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit( _PyInterpreterFrame *temp = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit(
tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim); tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim);
SYNC_SP(); SYNC_SP();
if (init_frame == NULL) { if (temp == NULL) {
_PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim); _PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim);
ERROR_NO_POP(); ERROR_NO_POP();
} }
init_frame = temp;
frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL; frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL;
/* Account for pushing the extra frame. /* Account for pushing the extra frame.
* We don't check recursion depth here, * We don't check recursion depth here,
@ -4000,8 +4002,10 @@ dummy_func(
DEOPT_IF(callable_o != interp->callable_cache.list_append); DEOPT_IF(callable_o != interp->callable_cache.list_append);
assert(self_o != NULL); assert(self_o != NULL);
DEOPT_IF(!PyList_Check(self_o)); DEOPT_IF(!PyList_Check(self_o));
DEOPT_IF(!LOCK_OBJECT(self_o));
STAT_INC(CALL, hit); STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg)); int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg));
UNLOCK_OBJECT(self_o);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(self); PyStackRef_CLOSE(self);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable); PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable);
ERROR_IF(err, error); ERROR_IF(err, error);

View file

@ -4500,13 +4500,13 @@
JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET(); JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET();
} }
PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o; PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o;
if (tp->tp_version_tag != type_version) { if (FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_UINT32_RELAXED(tp->tp_version_tag) != type_version) {
UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss); UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss);
JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET(); JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET();
} }
assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES); assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES);
PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o; PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o;
PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)cls->_spec_cache.init; PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_PTR_ACQUIRE(cls->_spec_cache.init);
PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code; PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code;
if (!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize)) { if (!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize)) {
UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss); UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss);
@ -4537,25 +4537,29 @@
_PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked( _PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked(
tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame); tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK); assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[1].op.code == RETURN_VALUE);
stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame); stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame);
/* Push self onto stack of shim */ /* Push self onto stack of shim */
shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]); shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]);
_PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer); _PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer);
init_frame = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit( _PyInterpreterFrame *temp = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit(
tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim); tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim);
stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame); stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame);
stack_pointer[-2 - oparg].bits = (uintptr_t)init_frame; stack_pointer += -2 - oparg;
stack_pointer += -1 - oparg;
assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS()); assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS());
if (init_frame == NULL) { if (temp == NULL) {
_PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim); _PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim);
JUMP_TO_ERROR(); JUMP_TO_ERROR();
} }
init_frame = temp;
frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL; frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL;
/* Account for pushing the extra frame. /* Account for pushing the extra frame.
* We don't check recursion depth here, * We don't check recursion depth here,
* as it will be checked after start_frame */ * as it will be checked after start_frame */
tstate->py_recursion_remaining--; tstate->py_recursion_remaining--;
stack_pointer[0].bits = (uintptr_t)init_frame;
stack_pointer += 1;
assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS());
break; break;
} }
@ -4908,8 +4912,13 @@
UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss); UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss);
JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET(); JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET();
} }
if (!LOCK_OBJECT(self_o)) {
UOP_STAT_INC(uopcode, miss);
JUMP_TO_JUMP_TARGET();
}
STAT_INC(CALL, hit); STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg)); int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg));
UNLOCK_OBJECT(self_o);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(self); PyStackRef_CLOSE(self);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable); PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable);
if (err) JUMP_TO_ERROR(); if (err) JUMP_TO_ERROR();

View file

@ -880,7 +880,7 @@
callable = &stack_pointer[-2 - oparg]; callable = &stack_pointer[-2 - oparg];
uint16_t counter = read_u16(&this_instr[1].cache); uint16_t counter = read_u16(&this_instr[1].cache);
(void)counter; (void)counter;
#if ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION #if ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION_FT
if (ADAPTIVE_COUNTER_TRIGGERS(counter)) { if (ADAPTIVE_COUNTER_TRIGGERS(counter)) {
next_instr = this_instr; next_instr = this_instr;
_PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer); _PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer);
@ -890,7 +890,7 @@
} }
OPCODE_DEFERRED_INC(CALL); OPCODE_DEFERRED_INC(CALL);
ADVANCE_ADAPTIVE_COUNTER(this_instr[1].counter); ADVANCE_ADAPTIVE_COUNTER(this_instr[1].counter);
#endif /* ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION */ #endif /* ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION_FT */
} }
/* Skip 2 cache entries */ /* Skip 2 cache entries */
// _MAYBE_EXPAND_METHOD // _MAYBE_EXPAND_METHOD
@ -1048,10 +1048,10 @@
DEOPT_IF(!PyStackRef_IsNull(null[0]), CALL); DEOPT_IF(!PyStackRef_IsNull(null[0]), CALL);
DEOPT_IF(!PyType_Check(callable_o), CALL); DEOPT_IF(!PyType_Check(callable_o), CALL);
PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o; PyTypeObject *tp = (PyTypeObject *)callable_o;
DEOPT_IF(tp->tp_version_tag != type_version, CALL); DEOPT_IF(FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_UINT32_RELAXED(tp->tp_version_tag) != type_version, CALL);
assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES); assert(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES);
PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o; PyHeapTypeObject *cls = (PyHeapTypeObject *)callable_o;
PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)cls->_spec_cache.init; PyFunctionObject *init_func = (PyFunctionObject *)FT_ATOMIC_LOAD_PTR_ACQUIRE(cls->_spec_cache.init);
PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code; PyCodeObject *code = (PyCodeObject *)init_func->func_code;
DEOPT_IF(!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize), CALL); DEOPT_IF(!_PyThreadState_HasStackSpace(tstate, code->co_framesize + _Py_InitCleanup.co_framesize), CALL);
STAT_INC(CALL, hit); STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
@ -1073,20 +1073,21 @@
_PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked( _PyInterpreterFrame *shim = _PyFrame_PushTrampolineUnchecked(
tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame); tstate, (PyCodeObject *)&_Py_InitCleanup, 1, frame);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK); assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[0].op.code == EXIT_INIT_CHECK);
assert(_PyFrame_GetBytecode(shim)[1].op.code == RETURN_VALUE);
stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame); stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame);
/* Push self onto stack of shim */ /* Push self onto stack of shim */
shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]); shim->localsplus[0] = PyStackRef_DUP(self[0]);
_PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer); _PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer);
init_frame = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit( _PyInterpreterFrame *temp = _PyEvalFramePushAndInit(
tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim); tstate, init[0], NULL, args-1, oparg+1, NULL, shim);
stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame); stack_pointer = _PyFrame_GetStackPointer(frame);
stack_pointer[-2 - oparg].bits = (uintptr_t)init_frame; stack_pointer += -2 - oparg;
stack_pointer += -1 - oparg;
assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS()); assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS());
if (init_frame == NULL) { if (temp == NULL) {
_PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim); _PyEval_FrameClearAndPop(tstate, shim);
goto error; goto error;
} }
init_frame = temp;
frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL; frame->return_offset = 1 + INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL;
/* Account for pushing the extra frame. /* Account for pushing the extra frame.
* We don't check recursion depth here, * We don't check recursion depth here,
@ -1100,8 +1101,6 @@
// Eventually this should be the only occurrence of this code. // Eventually this should be the only occurrence of this code.
assert(tstate->interp->eval_frame == NULL); assert(tstate->interp->eval_frame == NULL);
_PyInterpreterFrame *temp = new_frame; _PyInterpreterFrame *temp = new_frame;
stack_pointer += -1;
assert(WITHIN_STACK_BOUNDS());
_PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer); _PyFrame_SetStackPointer(frame, stack_pointer);
assert(new_frame->previous == frame || new_frame->previous->previous == frame); assert(new_frame->previous == frame || new_frame->previous->previous == frame);
CALL_STAT_INC(inlined_py_calls); CALL_STAT_INC(inlined_py_calls);
@ -2383,8 +2382,10 @@
DEOPT_IF(callable_o != interp->callable_cache.list_append, CALL); DEOPT_IF(callable_o != interp->callable_cache.list_append, CALL);
assert(self_o != NULL); assert(self_o != NULL);
DEOPT_IF(!PyList_Check(self_o), CALL); DEOPT_IF(!PyList_Check(self_o), CALL);
DEOPT_IF(!LOCK_OBJECT(self_o), CALL);
STAT_INC(CALL, hit); STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg)); int err = _PyList_AppendTakeRef((PyListObject *)self_o, PyStackRef_AsPyObjectSteal(arg));
UNLOCK_OBJECT(self_o);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(self); PyStackRef_CLOSE(self);
PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable); PyStackRef_CLOSE(callable);
if (err) goto pop_3_error; if (err) goto pop_3_error;

View file

@ -484,11 +484,11 @@ _PyPerfTrampoline_Init(int activate)
return -1; return -1;
} }
if (!activate) { if (!activate) {
tstate->interp->eval_frame = NULL; _PyInterpreterState_SetEvalFrameFunc(tstate->interp, NULL);
perf_status = PERF_STATUS_NO_INIT; perf_status = PERF_STATUS_NO_INIT;
} }
else { else {
tstate->interp->eval_frame = py_trampoline_evaluator; _PyInterpreterState_SetEvalFrameFunc(tstate->interp, py_trampoline_evaluator);
if (new_code_arena() < 0) { if (new_code_arena() < 0) {
return -1; return -1;
} }
@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ _PyPerfTrampoline_Fini(void)
} }
PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET(); PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();
if (tstate->interp->eval_frame == py_trampoline_evaluator) { if (tstate->interp->eval_frame == py_trampoline_evaluator) {
tstate->interp->eval_frame = NULL; _PyInterpreterState_SetEvalFrameFunc(tstate->interp, NULL);
} }
if (perf_status == PERF_STATUS_OK) { if (perf_status == PERF_STATUS_OK) {
trampoline_api.free_state(trampoline_api.state); trampoline_api.free_state(trampoline_api.state);

View file

@ -2838,7 +2838,9 @@ _PyInterpreterState_SetEvalFrameFunc(PyInterpreterState *interp,
} }
#endif #endif
RARE_EVENT_INC(set_eval_frame_func); RARE_EVENT_INC(set_eval_frame_func);
_PyEval_StopTheWorld(interp);
interp->eval_frame = eval_frame; interp->eval_frame = eval_frame;
_PyEval_StartTheWorld(interp);
} }

View file

@ -1911,38 +1911,38 @@ _Py_Specialize_StoreSubscr(_PyStackRef container_st, _PyStackRef sub_st, _Py_COD
unspecialize(instr); unspecialize(instr);
} }
/* Returns a borrowed reference. /* Returns a strong reference. */
* The reference is only valid if guarded by a type version check. static PyObject *
*/ get_init_for_simple_managed_python_class(PyTypeObject *tp, unsigned int *tp_version)
static PyFunctionObject *
get_init_for_simple_managed_python_class(PyTypeObject *tp)
{ {
assert(tp->tp_new == PyBaseObject_Type.tp_new); assert(tp->tp_new == PyBaseObject_Type.tp_new);
if (tp->tp_alloc != PyType_GenericAlloc) { if (tp->tp_alloc != PyType_GenericAlloc) {
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_OVERRIDDEN); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_OVERRIDDEN);
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
if ((tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES) == 0) { unsigned long tp_flags = PyType_GetFlags(tp);
if ((tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_INLINE_VALUES) == 0) {
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_INLINE_VALUES); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_INLINE_VALUES);
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
if (!(tp->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) { if (!(tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) {
/* Is this possible? */ /* Is this possible? */
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_EXPECTED_ERROR); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_EXPECTED_ERROR);
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
PyObject *init = _PyType_Lookup(tp, &_Py_ID(__init__)); PyObject *init = _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion(tp, &_Py_ID(__init__), tp_version);
if (init == NULL || !PyFunction_Check(init)) { if (init == NULL || !PyFunction_Check(init)) {
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_PYTHON); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_PYTHON);
Py_XDECREF(init);
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
int kind = function_kind((PyCodeObject *)PyFunction_GET_CODE(init)); int kind = function_kind((PyCodeObject *)PyFunction_GET_CODE(init));
if (kind != SIMPLE_FUNCTION) { if (kind != SIMPLE_FUNCTION) {
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_SIMPLE); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_CALL_INIT_NOT_SIMPLE);
Py_DECREF(init);
return NULL; return NULL;
} }
((PyHeapTypeObject *)tp)->_spec_cache.init = init; return init;
return (PyFunctionObject *)init;
} }
static int static int
@ -1954,20 +1954,20 @@ specialize_class_call(PyObject *callable, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
int oparg = instr->op.arg; int oparg = instr->op.arg;
if (nargs == 1 && oparg == 1) { if (nargs == 1 && oparg == 1) {
if (tp == &PyUnicode_Type) { if (tp == &PyUnicode_Type) {
instr->op.code = CALL_STR_1; specialize(instr, CALL_STR_1);
return 0; return 0;
} }
else if (tp == &PyType_Type) { else if (tp == &PyType_Type) {
instr->op.code = CALL_TYPE_1; specialize(instr, CALL_TYPE_1);
return 0; return 0;
} }
else if (tp == &PyTuple_Type) { else if (tp == &PyTuple_Type) {
instr->op.code = CALL_TUPLE_1; specialize(instr, CALL_TUPLE_1);
return 0; return 0;
} }
} }
if (tp->tp_vectorcall != NULL) { if (tp->tp_vectorcall != NULL) {
instr->op.code = CALL_BUILTIN_CLASS; specialize(instr, CALL_BUILTIN_CLASS);
return 0; return 0;
} }
goto generic; goto generic;
@ -1976,19 +1976,25 @@ specialize_class_call(PyObject *callable, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
goto generic; goto generic;
} }
if (tp->tp_new == PyBaseObject_Type.tp_new) { if (tp->tp_new == PyBaseObject_Type.tp_new) {
PyFunctionObject *init = get_init_for_simple_managed_python_class(tp); unsigned int tp_version = 0;
if (type_get_version(tp, CALL) == 0) { PyObject *init = get_init_for_simple_managed_python_class(tp, &tp_version);
if (!tp_version) {
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_OUT_OF_VERSIONS);
Py_XDECREF(init);
return -1; return -1;
} }
if (init != NULL) { if (init != NULL && _PyType_CacheInitForSpecialization(
(PyHeapTypeObject *)tp, init, tp_version)) {
_PyCallCache *cache = (_PyCallCache *)(instr + 1); _PyCallCache *cache = (_PyCallCache *)(instr + 1);
write_u32(cache->func_version, tp->tp_version_tag); write_u32(cache->func_version, tp_version);
_Py_SET_OPCODE(*instr, CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT); specialize(instr, CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT);
Py_DECREF(init);
return 0; return 0;
} }
Py_XDECREF(init);
} }
generic: generic:
instr->op.code = CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL; specialize(instr, CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL);
return 0; return 0;
} }
@ -2004,7 +2010,7 @@ specialize_method_descriptor(PyMethodDescrObject *descr, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr,
SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_WRONG_NUMBER_ARGUMENTS); SPECIALIZATION_FAIL(CALL, SPEC_FAIL_WRONG_NUMBER_ARGUMENTS);
return -1; return -1;
} }
instr->op.code = CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_NOARGS; specialize(instr, CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_NOARGS);
return 0; return 0;
} }
case METH_O: { case METH_O: {
@ -2018,22 +2024,22 @@ specialize_method_descriptor(PyMethodDescrObject *descr, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr,
bool pop = (next.op.code == POP_TOP); bool pop = (next.op.code == POP_TOP);
int oparg = instr->op.arg; int oparg = instr->op.arg;
if ((PyObject *)descr == list_append && oparg == 1 && pop) { if ((PyObject *)descr == list_append && oparg == 1 && pop) {
instr->op.code = CALL_LIST_APPEND; specialize(instr, CALL_LIST_APPEND);
return 0; return 0;
} }
instr->op.code = CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_O; specialize(instr, CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_O);
return 0; return 0;
} }
case METH_FASTCALL: { case METH_FASTCALL: {
instr->op.code = CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_FAST; specialize(instr, CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_FAST);
return 0; return 0;
} }
case METH_FASTCALL | METH_KEYWORDS: { case METH_FASTCALL | METH_KEYWORDS: {
instr->op.code = CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_FAST_WITH_KEYWORDS; specialize(instr, CALL_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR_FAST_WITH_KEYWORDS);
return 0; return 0;
} }
} }
instr->op.code = CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL; specialize(instr, CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL);
return 0; return 0;
} }
@ -2063,12 +2069,15 @@ specialize_py_call(PyFunctionObject *func, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs,
return -1; return -1;
} }
write_u32(cache->func_version, version); write_u32(cache->func_version, version);
uint8_t opcode;
if (argcount == nargs + bound_method) { if (argcount == nargs + bound_method) {
instr->op.code = bound_method ? CALL_BOUND_METHOD_EXACT_ARGS : CALL_PY_EXACT_ARGS; opcode =
bound_method ? CALL_BOUND_METHOD_EXACT_ARGS : CALL_PY_EXACT_ARGS;
} }
else { else {
instr->op.code = bound_method ? CALL_BOUND_METHOD_GENERAL : CALL_PY_GENERAL; opcode = bound_method ? CALL_BOUND_METHOD_GENERAL : CALL_PY_GENERAL;
} }
specialize(instr, opcode);
return 0; return 0;
} }
@ -2117,10 +2126,10 @@ specialize_c_call(PyObject *callable, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
/* len(o) */ /* len(o) */
PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET(); PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
if (callable == interp->callable_cache.len) { if (callable == interp->callable_cache.len) {
instr->op.code = CALL_LEN; specialize(instr, CALL_LEN);
return 0; return 0;
} }
instr->op.code = CALL_BUILTIN_O; specialize(instr, CALL_BUILTIN_O);
return 0; return 0;
} }
case METH_FASTCALL: { case METH_FASTCALL: {
@ -2128,19 +2137,19 @@ specialize_c_call(PyObject *callable, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
/* isinstance(o1, o2) */ /* isinstance(o1, o2) */
PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET(); PyInterpreterState *interp = _PyInterpreterState_GET();
if (callable == interp->callable_cache.isinstance) { if (callable == interp->callable_cache.isinstance) {
instr->op.code = CALL_ISINSTANCE; specialize(instr, CALL_ISINSTANCE);
return 0; return 0;
} }
} }
instr->op.code = CALL_BUILTIN_FAST; specialize(instr, CALL_BUILTIN_FAST);
return 0; return 0;
} }
case METH_FASTCALL | METH_KEYWORDS: { case METH_FASTCALL | METH_KEYWORDS: {
instr->op.code = CALL_BUILTIN_FAST_WITH_KEYWORDS; specialize(instr, CALL_BUILTIN_FAST_WITH_KEYWORDS);
return 0; return 0;
} }
default: default:
instr->op.code = CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL; specialize(instr, CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL);
return 0; return 0;
} }
} }
@ -2150,10 +2159,9 @@ _Py_Specialize_Call(_PyStackRef callable_st, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
{ {
PyObject *callable = PyStackRef_AsPyObjectBorrow(callable_st); PyObject *callable = PyStackRef_AsPyObjectBorrow(callable_st);
assert(ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION); assert(ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION_FT);
assert(_PyOpcode_Caches[CALL] == INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL); assert(_PyOpcode_Caches[CALL] == INLINE_CACHE_ENTRIES_CALL);
assert(_Py_OPCODE(*instr) != INSTRUMENTED_CALL); assert(_Py_OPCODE(*instr) != INSTRUMENTED_CALL);
_PyCallCache *cache = (_PyCallCache *)(instr + 1);
int fail; int fail;
if (PyCFunction_CheckExact(callable)) { if (PyCFunction_CheckExact(callable)) {
fail = specialize_c_call(callable, instr, nargs); fail = specialize_c_call(callable, instr, nargs);
@ -2178,19 +2186,11 @@ _Py_Specialize_Call(_PyStackRef callable_st, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr, int nargs)
} }
} }
else { else {
instr->op.code = CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL; specialize(instr, CALL_NON_PY_GENERAL);
fail = 0; fail = 0;
} }
if (fail) { if (fail) {
STAT_INC(CALL, failure); unspecialize(instr);
assert(!PyErr_Occurred());
instr->op.code = CALL;
cache->counter = adaptive_counter_backoff(cache->counter);
}
else {
STAT_INC(CALL, success);
assert(!PyErr_Occurred());
cache->counter = adaptive_counter_cooldown();
} }
} }
@ -2793,6 +2793,16 @@ _Py_Specialize_ContainsOp(_PyStackRef value_st, _Py_CODEUNIT *instr)
* Ends with a RESUME so that it is not traced. * Ends with a RESUME so that it is not traced.
* This is used as a plain code object, not a function, * This is used as a plain code object, not a function,
* so must not access globals or builtins. * so must not access globals or builtins.
* There are a few other constraints imposed on the code
* by the free-threaded build:
*
* 1. The RESUME instruction must not be executed. Otherwise we may attempt to
* free the statically allocated TLBC array.
* 2. It must contain no specializable instructions. Specializing multiple
* copies of the same bytecode is not thread-safe in free-threaded builds.
*
* This should be dynamically allocated if either of those restrictions need to
* be lifted.
*/ */
#define NO_LOC_4 (128 | (PY_CODE_LOCATION_INFO_NONE << 3) | 3) #define NO_LOC_4 (128 | (PY_CODE_LOCATION_INFO_NONE << 3) | 3)
@ -2802,6 +2812,13 @@ static const PyBytesObject no_location = {
.ob_sval = { NO_LOC_4 } .ob_sval = { NO_LOC_4 }
}; };
#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
static _PyCodeArray init_cleanup_tlbc = {
.size = 1,
.entries = {(char*) &_Py_InitCleanup.co_code_adaptive},
};
#endif
const struct _PyCode8 _Py_InitCleanup = { const struct _PyCode8 _Py_InitCleanup = {
_PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyCode_Type, 3), _PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyCode_Type, 3),
.co_consts = (PyObject *)&_Py_SINGLETON(tuple_empty), .co_consts = (PyObject *)&_Py_SINGLETON(tuple_empty),
@ -2817,6 +2834,9 @@ const struct _PyCode8 _Py_InitCleanup = {
._co_firsttraceable = 4, ._co_firsttraceable = 4,
.co_stacksize = 2, .co_stacksize = 2,
.co_framesize = 2 + FRAME_SPECIALS_SIZE, .co_framesize = 2 + FRAME_SPECIALS_SIZE,
#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
.co_tlbc = &init_cleanup_tlbc,
#endif
.co_code_adaptive = { .co_code_adaptive = {
EXIT_INIT_CHECK, 0, EXIT_INIT_CHECK, 0,
RETURN_VALUE, 0, RETURN_VALUE, 0,