bpo-40910: Export Py_GetArgcArgv() function (GH-20721) (GH-20723)

Export explicitly the Py_GetArgcArgv() function to the C API and
document the function. Previously, it was exported implicitly which
no longer works since Python is built with -fvisibility=hidden.

* Add PyConfig._orig_argv member.
* Py_InitializeFromConfig() no longer calls _PyConfig_Write() twice.
* PyConfig_Read() no longer initializes Py_GetArgcArgv(): it is now
  _PyConfig_Write() responsibility.
* _PyConfig_Write() result type becomes PyStatus instead of void.
* Write an unit test on Py_GetArgcArgv().

(cherry picked from commit e81f6e687d)

Python/bootstrap_hash.c

@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ _Py_HashRandomization_Init(const PyConfig *config)
         res = pyurandom(secret, secret_size, 0, 0);
         if (res < 0) {
             return _PyStatus_ERR("failed to get random numbers "
-                                "to initialize Python");
+                                 "to initialize Python");
         }
     }
     return _PyStatus_OK();