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Update manpage environment variables and command line arguments (#129623)
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
This commit is contained in:
Stefano Rivera
GitHub
parent
555ee43d92
commit
e1b38ea82e
2 changed files with 240 additions and 138 deletions
376
Misc/python.man
376
Misc/python.man
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@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ python \- an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
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.B \-q
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]
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[
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.B \-R
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]
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[
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.B \-O
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]
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[
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@ -212,6 +215,11 @@ as the current directory, the script's directory or an empty string. See also th
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Do not print the version and copyright messages. These messages are
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also suppressed in non-interactive mode.
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.TP
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.B \-R
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Turn on hash randomization. This option only has an effect if the
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\fBPYTHONHASHSEED\fR environment variable is set to \fB0\fR, since hash
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randomization is enabled by default.
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.TP
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.B \-s
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Don't add user site directory to sys.path.
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.TP
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@ -313,56 +321,77 @@ a regular expression on the warning message.
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.BI "\-X " option
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Set implementation-specific option. The following options are available:
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-X faulthandler: enable faulthandler
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\fB-X cpu_count=\fIN\fR: override the return value of \fIos.cpu_count()\fR;
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\fB-X cpu_count=default\fR cancels overriding; also \fBPYTHON_CPU_COUNT\fI
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-X showrefcount: output the total reference count and number of used
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memory blocks when the program finishes or after each statement in the
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interactive interpreter. This only works on debug builds
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-X tracemalloc: start tracing Python memory allocations using the
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tracemalloc module. By default, only the most recent frame is stored in a
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traceback of a trace. Use -X tracemalloc=NFRAME to start tracing with a
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traceback limit of NFRAME frames
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-X importtime: show how long each import takes. It shows module name,
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cumulative time (including nested imports) and self time (excluding
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nested imports). Note that its output may be broken in multi-threaded
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application. Typical usage is python3 -X importtime -c 'import asyncio'
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-X dev: enable CPython's "development mode", introducing additional runtime
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checks which are too expensive to be enabled by default. It will not be
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more verbose than the default if the code is correct: new warnings are
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only emitted when an issue is detected. Effect of the developer mode:
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* Add default warning filter, as -W default
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* Install debug hooks on memory allocators: see the PyMem_SetupDebugHooks()
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C function
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* Enable the faulthandler module to dump the Python traceback on a crash
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\fB-X dev\fR: enable CPython's "development mode", introducing additional
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runtime checks which are too expensive to be enabled by default. It
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will not be more verbose than the default if the code is correct: new
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warnings are only emitted when an issue is detected. Effect of the
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developer mode:
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* Add default warning filter, as \fB-W default\fR
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* Install debug hooks on memory allocators: see the
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PyMem_SetupDebugHooks() C function
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* Enable the faulthandler module to dump the Python traceback on a
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crash
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* Enable asyncio debug mode
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* Set the dev_mode attribute of sys.flags to True
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* io.IOBase destructor logs close() exceptions
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-X utf8: enable UTF-8 mode for operating system interfaces, overriding the default
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locale-aware mode. -X utf8=0 explicitly disables UTF-8 mode (even when it would
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otherwise activate automatically). See PYTHONUTF8 for more details
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\fB-X importtime\fR: show how long each import takes. It shows module name,
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cumulative time (including nested imports) and self time (excluding
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nested imports). Note that its output may be broken in multi-threaded
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application. Typical usage is
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\fBpython3 -X importtime -c 'import asyncio'\fR
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-X pycache_prefix=PATH: enable writing .pyc files to a parallel tree rooted at the
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given directory instead of to the code tree.
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\fB-X faulthandler\fR: enable faulthandler
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-X warn_default_encoding: enable opt-in EncodingWarning for 'encoding=None'
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-X no_debug_ranges: disable the inclusion of the tables mapping extra location
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information (end line, start column offset and end column offset) to every
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instruction in code objects. This is useful when smaller code objects and pyc
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files are desired as well as suppressing the extra visual location indicators
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when the interpreter displays tracebacks.
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-X frozen_modules=[on|off]: whether or not frozen modules should be used.
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\fB-X frozen_modules=\fR[\fBon\fR|\fBoff\fR]: whether or not frozen modules
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should be used.
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The default is "on" (or "off" if you are running a local build).
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-X int_max_str_digits=number: limit the size of int<->str conversions.
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\fB-X gil=\fR[\fB0\fR|\fB1\fR]: enable (1) or disable (0) the GIL; also
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\fBPYTHON_GIL\fR
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Only available in builds configured with \fB--disable-gil\fR.
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\fB-X int_max_str_digits=\fInumber\fR: limit the size of int<->str conversions.
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This helps avoid denial of service attacks when parsing untrusted data.
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The default is sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits. 0 disables.
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\fB-X no_debug_ranges\fR: disable the inclusion of the tables mapping extra
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location information (end line, start column offset and end column
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offset) to every instruction in code objects. This is useful when
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smaller code objects and pyc files are desired as well as suppressing
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the extra visual location indicators when the interpreter displays
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tracebacks.
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\fB-X perf\fR: support the Linux "perf" profiler; also \fBPYTHONPERFSUPPORT=1\fR
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\fB-X perf_jit\fR: support the Linux "perf" profiler with DWARF support;
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also \fBPYTHON_PERF_JIT_SUPPORT=1\fR
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\fB-X presite=\fIMOD\fR: import this module before site; also \fBPYTHON_PRESITE\fR
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This only works on debug builds.
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\fB-X pycache_prefix=\fIPATH\fR: enable writing .pyc files to a parallel
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tree rooted at the given directory instead of to the code tree.
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\fB-X showrefcount\fR: output the total reference count and number of used
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memory blocks when the program finishes or after each statement in the
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interactive interpreter. This only works on debug builds
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\fB-X tracemalloc\fR: start tracing Python memory allocations using the
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tracemalloc module. By default, only the most recent frame is stored in a
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traceback of a trace. Use -X tracemalloc=NFRAME to start tracing with a
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traceback limit of NFRAME frames
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\fB-X utf8\fR: enable UTF-8 mode for operating system interfaces,
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overriding the default locale-aware mode. \fB-X utf8=0\fR explicitly
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disables UTF-8 mode (even when it would otherwise activate
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automatically). See \fBPYTHONUTF8\fR for more details
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\fB-X warn_default_encoding\fR: enable opt-in EncodingWarning for 'encoding=None'
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.TP
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.B \-x
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Skip the first line of the source. This is intended for a DOS
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@ -447,83 +476,77 @@ needed for developing Python extensions and embedding the
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interpreter.
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.RE
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.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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.IP PYTHONSAFEPATH
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If this is set to a non-empty string, don't automatically prepend a potentially
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unsafe path to \fBsys.path\fP such as the current directory, the script's
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directory or an empty string. See also the \fB\-P\fP option.
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.IP PYTHONHOME
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Change the location of the standard Python libraries. By default, the
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libraries are searched in ${prefix}/lib/python<version> and
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${exec_prefix}/lib/python<version>, where ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}
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are installation-dependent directories, both defaulting to
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\fI/usr/local\fP. When $PYTHONHOME is set to a single directory, its value
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replaces both ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}. To specify different values
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for these, set $PYTHONHOME to ${prefix}:${exec_prefix}.
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.IP PYTHONPATH
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Augments the default search path for module files.
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The format is the same as the shell's $PATH: one or more directory
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pathnames separated by colons.
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Non-existent directories are silently ignored.
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The default search path is installation dependent, but generally
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begins with ${prefix}/lib/python<version> (see PYTHONHOME above).
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The default search path is always appended to $PYTHONPATH.
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If a script argument is given, the directory containing the script is
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inserted in the path in front of $PYTHONPATH.
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The search path can be manipulated from within a Python program as the
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variable
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.IR sys.path .
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.IP PYTHONPLATLIBDIR
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Override sys.platlibdir.
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.IP PYTHONSTARTUP
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If this is the name of a readable file, the Python commands in that
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file are executed before the first prompt is displayed in interactive
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mode.
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The file is executed in the same name space where interactive commands
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are executed so that objects defined or imported in it can be used
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without qualification in the interactive session.
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You can also change the prompts
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.I sys.ps1
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and
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.I sys.ps2
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in this file.
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.IP PYTHONOPTIMIZE
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-O\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
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specifying \fB\-O\fP multiple times.
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.IP PYTHONASYNCIODEBUG
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If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, enable the debug
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mode of the asyncio module.
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.IP PYTHON_BASIC_REPL
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If this variable is set to any value, the interpreter will not attempt to
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load the Python-based REPL that requires curses and readline, and will instead
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use the traditional parser-based REPL.
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.IP PYTHONBREAKPOINT
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If this environment variable is set to 0, it disables the default debugger. It
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can be set to the callable of your debugger of choice.
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.IP PYTHONCOERCELOCALE
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If set to the value 0, causes the main Python command line application to skip
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coercing the legacy ASCII-based C and POSIX locales to a more capable UTF-8
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based alternative.
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.IP PYTHON_COLORS
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If this variable is set to 1, the interpreter will colorize various kinds of
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output. Setting it to 0 deactivates this behavior.
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.IP PYTHON_CPU_COUNT
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If this variable is set to a positive integer, it overrides the return
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values of \fIos.cpu_count\fR and \fIos.process_cpu_count\fR.
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.IP
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See also the \fB\-X cpu_count\fR option.
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.IP PYTHONDEBUG
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-d\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
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specifying \fB\-d\fP multiple times.
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.IP PYTHONEXECUTABLE
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If this environment variable is set,
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.IB sys.argv[0]
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will be set to its value instead of the value got through the C runtime. Only
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works on Mac OS X.
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.IP PYTHONFAULTHANDLER
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If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string,
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.IR faulthandler.enable()
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is called at startup: install a handler for SIGSEGV, SIGFPE, SIGABRT, SIGBUS
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and SIGILL signals to dump the Python traceback.
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.IP
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This is equivalent to the \fB-X faulthandler\fP option.
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.IP PYTHON_FROZEN_MODULES
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If this variable is set to \fBon\fR or \fBoff\fR, it determines whether or not
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frozen modules are ignored by the import machinery. A value of \fBon\fR means
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they get imported and \fBoff\fR means they are ignored. The default is \fBon\fR
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for non-debug builds (the normal case) and \fBoff\fR for debug builds.
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.IP
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See also the \fB\-X frozen_modules\fR option.
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.IP PYTHON_GIL
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If this variable is set to 1, the global interpreter lock (GIL) will be forced
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on. Setting it to 0 forces the GIL off. Only available in builds configured
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with \fB--disable-gil\fP.
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.IP PYTHON_HISTORY
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This environment variable can be used to set the location of a history file
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(on Unix, it is \fI~/.python_history\fP by default).
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.IP
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This is equivalent to the \fB-X gil\fR option.
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.IP PYTHONNODEBUGRANGES
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If this variable is set, it disables the inclusion of the tables mapping
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extra location information (end line, start column offset and end column
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offset) to every instruction in code objects. This is useful when smaller code
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objects and pyc files are desired as well as suppressing the extra visual
|
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location indicators when the interpreter displays tracebacks.
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.IP PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-B\fP option (don't try to write
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.I .pyc
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files).
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.IP PYTHONINSPECT
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-i\fP option.
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.IP PYTHONIOENCODING
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If this is set before running the interpreter, it overrides the encoding used
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for stdin/stdout/stderr, in the syntax
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.IB encodingname ":" errorhandler
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The
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.IB errorhandler
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part is optional and has the same meaning as in str.encode. For stderr, the
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.IB errorhandler
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part is ignored; the handler will always be \'backslashreplace\'.
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.IP PYTHONNOUSERSITE
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying the
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\fB\-s\fP option (Don't add the user site directory to sys.path).
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.IP PYTHONUNBUFFERED
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-u\fP option.
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.IP PYTHONVERBOSE
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
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the \fB\-v\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
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specifying \fB\-v\fP multiple times.
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.IP PYTHONWARNINGS
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If this is set to a comma-separated string it is equivalent to
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specifying the \fB\-W\fP option for each separate value.
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.IP PYTHONDEVMODE
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If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, enable Python's
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"development mode", introducing additional runtime checks that are too
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expensive to be enabled by default.
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.IP
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This is equivalent to the \fB\-X dev\fR option.
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.IP PYTHONHASHSEED
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If this variable is set to "random", a random value is used to seed the hashes
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of str and bytes objects.
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@ -536,11 +559,33 @@ values.
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The integer must be a decimal number in the range [0,4294967295]. Specifying
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the value 0 will disable hash randomization.
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.IP PYTHONHOME
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Change the location of the standard Python libraries. By default, the
|
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libraries are searched in ${prefix}/lib/python<version> and
|
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${exec_prefix}/lib/python<version>, where ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}
|
||||
are installation-dependent directories, both defaulting to
|
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\fI/usr/local\fP. When $PYTHONHOME is set to a single directory, its value
|
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replaces both ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}. To specify different values
|
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for these, set $PYTHONHOME to ${prefix}:${exec_prefix}.
|
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.IP PYTHONINSPECT
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
|
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the \fB\-i\fP option.
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.IP PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS
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Limit the maximum digit characters in an int value
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when converting from a string and when converting an int back to a str.
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A value of 0 disables the limit. Conversions to or from bases 2, 4, 8,
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16, and 32 are never limited.
|
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.IP
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This is equivalent to the \fB-X int_max_str_digits=\fINUMBER\fR option.
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.IP PYTHONIOENCODING
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If this is set before running the interpreter, it overrides the encoding used
|
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for stdin/stdout/stderr, in the syntax
|
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.IB encodingname ":" errorhandler
|
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The
|
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.IB errorhandler
|
||||
part is optional and has the same meaning as in str.encode. For stderr, the
|
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.IB errorhandler
|
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part is ignored; the handler will always be \'backslashreplace\'.
|
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.IP PYTHONMALLOC
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Set the Python memory allocators and/or install debug hooks. The available
|
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memory allocators are
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@ -567,9 +612,67 @@ This variable is ignored if the
|
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environment variable is used to force the
|
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.BR malloc (3)
|
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allocator of the C library, or if Python is configured without pymalloc support.
|
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.IP PYTHONASYNCIODEBUG
|
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If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, enable the debug
|
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mode of the asyncio module.
|
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.IP PYTHONNOUSERSITE
|
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying the
|
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\fB\-s\fP option (Don't add the user site directory to sys.path).
|
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.IP PYTHONOPTIMIZE
|
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If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
|
||||
the \fB\-O\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
|
||||
specifying \fB\-O\fP multiple times.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONPATH
|
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Augments the default search path for module files.
|
||||
The format is the same as the shell's $PATH: one or more directory
|
||||
pathnames separated by colons.
|
||||
Non-existent directories are silently ignored.
|
||||
The default search path is installation dependent, but generally
|
||||
begins with ${prefix}/lib/python<version> (see PYTHONHOME above).
|
||||
The default search path is always appended to $PYTHONPATH.
|
||||
If a script argument is given, the directory containing the script is
|
||||
inserted in the path in front of $PYTHONPATH.
|
||||
The search path can be manipulated from within a Python program as the
|
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variable
|
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.IR sys.path .
|
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.IP PYTHON_PERF_JIT_SUPPORT
|
||||
If this variable is set to a nonzero value, it enables support for
|
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the Linux perf profiler so Python calls can be detected by it using DWARF
|
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information.
|
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Setting to 0 disables.
|
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.IP
|
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See also the \fB\-X perf_jit\fR option.
|
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.IP PYTHONPERFSUPPORT
|
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If this variable is set to a nonzero value, it enables support for
|
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the Linux perf profiler so Python calls can be detected by it.
|
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Setting to 0 disables.
|
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.IP
|
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See also the \fB\-X perf\fR option.
|
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.IP PYTHONPLATLIBDIR
|
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Override sys.platlibdir.
|
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.IP PYTHONPROFILEIMPORTTIME
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, Python will
|
||||
show how long each import takes. This is exactly equivalent to setting
|
||||
\fB\-X importtime\fP on the command line.
|
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.IP PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX
|
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If this is set, Python will write \fB.pyc\fR files in a mirror directory tree
|
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at this path, instead of in \fB__pycache__\fR directories within the source
|
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tree.
|
||||
.IP
|
||||
This is equivalent to specifying the \fB\-X pycache_prefix=\fIPATH\fR option.
|
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.IP PYTHONSAFEPATH
|
||||
If this is set to a non-empty string, don't automatically prepend a potentially
|
||||
unsafe path to \fBsys.path\fP such as the current directory, the script's
|
||||
directory or an empty string. See also the \fB\-P\fP option.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONSTARTUP
|
||||
If this is the name of a readable file, the Python commands in that
|
||||
file are executed before the first prompt is displayed in interactive
|
||||
mode.
|
||||
The file is executed in the same name space where interactive commands
|
||||
are executed so that objects defined or imported in it can be used
|
||||
without qualification in the interactive session.
|
||||
You can also change the prompts
|
||||
.I sys.ps1
|
||||
and
|
||||
.I sys.ps2
|
||||
in this file.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONTRACEMALLOC
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, start tracing
|
||||
Python memory allocations using the tracemalloc module.
|
||||
|
|
@ -578,40 +681,26 @@ The value of the variable is the maximum number of frames stored in a
|
|||
traceback of a trace. For example,
|
||||
.IB PYTHONTRACEMALLOC=1
|
||||
stores only the most recent frame.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONFAULTHANDLER
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string,
|
||||
.IR faulthandler.enable()
|
||||
is called at startup: install a handler for SIGSEGV, SIGFPE, SIGABRT, SIGBUS
|
||||
and SIGILL signals to dump the Python traceback.
|
||||
.IP
|
||||
This is equivalent to the \fB-X faulthandler\fP option.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONEXECUTABLE
|
||||
If this environment variable is set,
|
||||
.IB sys.argv[0]
|
||||
will be set to its value instead of the value got through the C runtime. Only
|
||||
works on Mac OS X.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONUNBUFFERED
|
||||
If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
|
||||
the \fB\-u\fP option.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONUSERBASE
|
||||
Defines the user base directory, which is used to compute the path of the user
|
||||
.IR site-packages
|
||||
directory and installation paths for
|
||||
.IR "python \-m pip install \-\-user" .
|
||||
.IP PYTHONPROFILEIMPORTTIME
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, Python will
|
||||
show how long each import takes. This is exactly equivalent to setting
|
||||
\fB\-X importtime\fP on the command line.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONBREAKPOINT
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to 0, it disables the default debugger. It
|
||||
can be set to the callable of your debugger of choice.
|
||||
.IP PYTHON_COLORS
|
||||
If this variable is set to 1, the interpreter will colorize various kinds of
|
||||
output. Setting it to 0 deactivates this behavior.
|
||||
.IP PYTHON_HISTORY
|
||||
This environment variable can be used to set the location of a history file
|
||||
(on Unix, it is \fI~/.python_history\fP by default).
|
||||
.IP PYTHON_GIL
|
||||
If this variable is set to 1, the global interpreter lock (GIL) will be forced
|
||||
on. Setting it to 0 forces the GIL off. Only available in builds configured
|
||||
with \fB--disable-gil\fP.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONUTF8
|
||||
If set to 1, enable the Python "UTF-8 Mode". Setting to 0 disables.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONVERBOSE
|
||||
If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
|
||||
the \fB\-v\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
|
||||
specifying \fB\-v\fP multiple times.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONWARNDEFAULTENCODING
|
||||
If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, issue a
|
||||
\fIEncodingWarning\fR when the locale-specific default encoding is used.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONWARNINGS
|
||||
If this is set to a comma-separated string it is equivalent to
|
||||
specifying the \fB\-W\fP option for each separate value.
|
||||
.SS Debug-mode variables
|
||||
Setting these variables only has an effect in a debug build of Python, that is,
|
||||
if Python was configured with the
|
||||
|
|
@ -619,6 +708,17 @@ if Python was configured with the
|
|||
.IP PYTHONDUMPREFS
|
||||
If this environment variable is set, Python will dump objects and reference
|
||||
counts still alive after shutting down the interpreter.
|
||||
.IP PYTHONDUMPREFSFILE
|
||||
If set, Python will dump objects and reference counts still alive after
|
||||
shutting down the interpreter into a file under the path given as the value to
|
||||
this environment variable.
|
||||
.IP PYTHON_PRESITE
|
||||
If this variable is set to a module, that module will be imported
|
||||
early in the interpreter lifecycle, before the \fIsite\fR module is
|
||||
executed, and before the \fI__main__\fR module is created.
|
||||
This only works on debug builds.
|
||||
.IP
|
||||
This is equivalent to the \fB-X presite=\fImodule\fR option.
|
||||
.SH AUTHOR
|
||||
The Python Software Foundation: https://www.python.org/psf/
|
||||
.SH INTERNET RESOURCES
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue