Fix uses of the default role.

Doc/c-api/file.rst

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ change in future releases of Python.
    Return the file object associated with *p* as a :ctype:`FILE\*`.
 
    If the caller will ever use the returned :ctype:`FILE\*` object while
-   the GIL is released it must also call the `PyFile_IncUseCount` and
+   the GIL is released it must also call the :cfunc:`PyFile_IncUseCount` and
-   `PyFile_DecUseCount` functions described below as appropriate.
+   :cfunc:`PyFile_DecUseCount` functions described below as appropriate.
 
 
 .. cfunction:: void PyFile_IncUseCount(PyFileObject \*p)
@@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ change in future releases of Python.
    Increments the PyFileObject's internal use count to indicate
    that the underlying :ctype:`FILE\*` is being used.
    This prevents Python from calling f_close() on it from another thread.
-   Callers of this must call `PyFile_DecUseCount` when they are
+   Callers of this must call :cfunc:`PyFile_DecUseCount` when they are
    finished with the :ctype:`FILE\*`.  Otherwise the file object will
    never be closed by Python.
 
    The GIL must be held while calling this function.
 
-   The suggested use is to call this after `PyFile_AsFile` just before
+   The suggested use is to call this after :cfunc:`PyFile_AsFile` just before
    you release the GIL.
 
    .. versionadded:: 2.6
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ change in future releases of Python.
 
    Decrements the PyFileObject's internal unlocked_count member to
    indicate that the caller is done with its own use of the :ctype:`FILE\*`.
-   This may only be called to undo a prior call to `PyFile_IncUseCount`.
+   This may only be called to undo a prior call to :cfunc:`PyFile_IncUseCount`.
 
    The GIL must be held while calling this function.
 

Doc/distutils/uploading.rst

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ uploaded file using GPG (GNU Privacy Guard).  The  :program:`gpg` program must
 be available for execution on the system :envvar:`PATH`.  You can also specify
 which key to use for signing using the :option:`--identity=*name*` option.
 
-Other :command:`upload` options include  :option:`--repository=*url*` 
+Other :command:`upload` options include :option:`--repository=<url>` or
-or :option:`--repository=*section*` where `url` is the url of the server
+:option:`--repository=<section>` where *url* is the url of the server and
-and `section` the name of the section in :file:`$HOME/.pypirc`, and
+*section* the name of the section in :file:`$HOME/.pypirc`, and
 :option:`--show-response` (which displays the full response text from the PyPI
 server for help in debugging upload problems).
 

Doc/documenting/markup.rst

@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ units as well as normal text:
    Example::
 
       .. versionadded:: 2.5
-         The `spam` parameter.
+         The *spam* parameter.
 
    Note that there must be no blank line between the directive head and the
    explanation; this is to make these blocks visually continuous in the markup.
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ the definition of the symbol.  There is this directive:
    Blank lines are not allowed within ``productionlist`` directive arguments.
 
    The definition can contain token names which are marked as interpreted text
-   (e.g. ``sum ::= `integer` "+" `integer```) -- this generates cross-references
+   (e.g. ``unaryneg ::= "-" `integer```) -- this generates cross-references
    to the productions of these tokens.
 
    Note that no further reST parsing is done in the production, so that you

Doc/library/ast.rst

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ and classes for traversing abstract syntax trees:
 
    A node visitor base class that walks the abstract syntax tree and calls a
    visitor function for every node found.  This function may return a value
-   which is forwarded by the `visit` method.
+   which is forwarded by the :meth:`visit` method.
 
    This class is meant to be subclassed, with the subclass adding visitor
    methods.
@@ -220,11 +220,11 @@ and classes for traversing abstract syntax trees:
    A :class:`NodeVisitor` subclass that walks the abstract syntax tree and
    allows modification of nodes.
 
-   The `NodeTransformer` will walk the AST and use the return value of the
+   The :class:`NodeTransformer` will walk the AST and use the return value of
-   visitor methods to replace or remove the old node.  If the return value of
+   the visitor methods to replace or remove the old node.  If the return value
-   the visitor method is ``None``, the node will be removed from its location,
+   of the visitor method is ``None``, the node will be removed from its
-   otherwise it is replaced with the return value.  The return value may be the
+   location, otherwise it is replaced with the return value.  The return value
-   original node in which case no replacement takes place.
+   may be the original node in which case no replacement takes place.
 
    Here is an example transformer that rewrites all occurrences of name lookups
    (``foo``) to ``data['foo']``::

Doc/library/configparser.rst

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@
 
 .. note::
 
-   The :mod:`ConfigParser` module has been renamed to `configparser` in Python
+   The :mod:`ConfigParser` module has been renamed to :mod:`configparser` in
-   3.0.  The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when converting
+   Python 3.0.  The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when
-   your sources to 3.0.
+   converting your sources to 3.0.
 
 .. index::
    pair: .ini; file

Doc/library/ctypes.rst

@@ -1378,24 +1378,22 @@ it.
 The *mode* parameter can be used to specify how the library is loaded.  For
 details, consult the ``dlopen(3)`` manpage, on Windows, *mode* is ignored.
 
-The *use_errno* parameter, when set to True, enables a ctypes
+The *use_errno* parameter, when set to True, enables a ctypes mechanism that
-mechanism that allows to access the system `errno` error number in a
+allows to access the system :data:`errno` error number in a safe way.
-safe way.  `ctypes` maintains a thread-local copy of the systems
+:mod:`ctypes` maintains a thread-local copy of the systems :data:`errno`
-`errno` variable; if you call foreign functions created with
+variable; if you call foreign functions created with ``use_errno=True`` then the
-`use_errno=True` then the `errno` value before the function call is
+:data:`errno` value before the function call is swapped with the ctypes private
-swapped with the ctypes private copy, the same happens immediately
+copy, the same happens immediately after the function call.
-after the function call.
 
-The function `ctypes.get_errno()` returns the value of the ctypes
+The function :func:`ctypes.get_errno` returns the value of the ctypes private
-private copy, and the function `ctypes.set_errno(value)` changes the
+copy, and the function :func:`ctypes.set_errno` changes the ctypes private copy
-ctypes private copy to `value` and returns the former value.
+to a new value and returns the former value.
 
-The *use_last_error* parameter, when set to True, enables the same
+The *use_last_error* parameter, when set to True, enables the same mechanism for
-mechanism for the Windows error code which is managed by the
+the Windows error code which is managed by the :func:`GetLastError` and
-:func:`GetLastError` and :func:`SetLastError` Windows API functions;
+:func:`SetLastError` Windows API functions; :func:`ctypes.get_last_error` and
-`ctypes.get_last_error()` and `ctypes.set_last_error(value)` are used
+:func:`ctypes.set_last_error` are used to request and change the ctypes private
-to request and change the ctypes private copy of the windows error
+copy of the windows error code.
-code.
 
 .. versionadded:: 2.6
    The ``use_last_error`` and ``use_errno`` optional parameters
@@ -1602,22 +1600,23 @@ type and the argument types of the function.
 .. function:: CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, use_errno=False, use_last_error=False)
 
    The returned function prototype creates functions that use the standard C
-   calling convention.  The function will release the GIL during the call.
+   calling convention.  The function will release the GIL during the call.  If
-   If `use_errno` is set to True, the ctypes private copy of the system `errno`
+   *use_errno* is set to True, the ctypes private copy of the system
-   variable is exchanged with the real `errno` value bafore and after the call;
+   :data:`errno` variable is exchanged with the real :data:`errno` value bafore
-   `use_last_error` does the same for the Windows error code.
+   and after the call; *use_last_error* does the same for the Windows error
+   code.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 2.6
-      The optional `use_errno` and `use_last_error` parameters were
+      The optional *use_errno* and *use_last_error* parameters were added.
-      added.
 
 
 .. function:: WINFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, use_errno=False, use_last_error=False)
 
    Windows only: The returned function prototype creates functions that use the
-   ``stdcall`` calling convention, except on Windows CE where :func:`WINFUNCTYPE`
+   ``stdcall`` calling convention, except on Windows CE where
-   is the same as :func:`CFUNCTYPE`.  The function will release the GIL during the
+   :func:`WINFUNCTYPE` is the same as :func:`CFUNCTYPE`.  The function will
-   call. `use_errno` and `use_last_error` have the same meaning as above.
+   release the GIL during the call.  *use_errno* and *use_last_error* have the
+   same meaning as above.
 
 
 .. function:: PYFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes)
@@ -1864,10 +1863,10 @@ Utility functions
 .. function:: find_library(name)
    :module: ctypes.util
 
-   Try to find a library and return a pathname.  `name` is the library name without
+   Try to find a library and return a pathname.  *name* is the library name
-   any prefix like `lib`, suffix like ``.so``, ``.dylib`` or version number (this
+   without any prefix like ``lib```, suffix like ``.so``, ``.dylib`` or version
-   is the form used for the posix linker option :option:`-l`).  If no library can
+   number (this is the form used for the posix linker option :option:`-l`).  If
-   be found, returns ``None``.
+   no library can be found, returns ``None``.
 
    The exact functionality is system dependent.
 
@@ -1905,14 +1904,14 @@ Utility functions
 .. function:: get_errno()
 
    Returns the current value of the ctypes-private copy of the system
-   `errno` variable in the calling thread.
+   :data:`errno` variable in the calling thread.
 
    .. versionadded:: 2.6
 
 .. function:: get_last_error()
 
    Windows only: returns the current value of the ctypes-private copy of the system
-   `LastError` variable in the calling thread.
+   :data:`LastError` variable in the calling thread.
 
    .. versionadded:: 2.6
 
@@ -1969,17 +1968,16 @@ Utility functions
 
 .. function:: set_errno(value)
 
-   Set the  current value of the ctypes-private copy of the system
+   Set the current value of the ctypes-private copy of the system :data:`errno`
-   `errno` variable in the calling thread to `value` and return the
+   variable in the calling thread to *value* and return the previous value.
-   previous value.
 
    .. versionadded:: 2.6
 
 .. function:: set_last_error(value)
 
-   Windows only: set the current value of the ctypes-private copy of
+   Windows only: set the current value of the ctypes-private copy of the system
-   the system `LastError` variable in the calling thread to `value`
+   :data:`LastError` variable in the calling thread to *value* and return the
-   and return the previous value.
+   previous value.
 
    .. versionadded:: 2.6
 

Doc/library/decimal.rst

@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ In addition to the three supplied contexts, new contexts can be created with the
 
    .. method:: logical_and(x, y)
 
-      Applies the logical operation `and` between each operand's digits.
+      Applies the logical operation *and* between each operand's digits.
 
 
    .. method:: logical_invert(x)
@@ -1221,12 +1221,12 @@ In addition to the three supplied contexts, new contexts can be created with the
 
    .. method:: logical_or(x, y)
 
-      Applies the logical operation `or` between each operand's digits.
+      Applies the logical operation *or* between each operand's digits.
 
 
    .. method:: logical_xor(x, y)
 
-      Applies the logical operation `xor` between each operand's digits.
+      Applies the logical operation *xor* between each operand's digits.
 
 
    .. method:: max(x, y)
@@ -1337,8 +1337,8 @@ In addition to the three supplied contexts, new contexts can be created with the
 
    .. method:: remainder_near(x, y)
 
-      Returns `x - y * n`, where *n* is the integer nearest the exact value
+      Returns ``x - y * n``, where *n* is the integer nearest the exact value
-      of `x / y` (if the result is `0` then its sign will be the sign of *x*).
+      of ``x / y`` (if the result is 0 then its sign will be the sign of *x*).
 
 
    .. method:: rotate(x, y)

Doc/library/fractions.rst

@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ another rational number, or from a string.
 
 .. function:: gcd(a, b)
 
-   Return the greatest common divisor of the integers `a` and `b`.  If
+   Return the greatest common divisor of the integers *a* and *b*.  If either
-   either `a` or `b` is nonzero, then the absolute value of `gcd(a,
+   *a* or *b* is nonzero, then the absolute value of ``gcd(a, b)`` is the
-   b)` is the largest integer that divides both `a` and `b`.  `gcd(a,b)`
+   largest integer that divides both *a* and *b*.  ``gcd(a,b)`` has the same
-   has the same sign as `b` if `b` is nonzero; otherwise it takes the sign
+   sign as *b* if *b* is nonzero; otherwise it takes the sign of *a*.  ``gcd(0,
-   of `a`.  `gcd(0, 0)` returns `0`.
+   0)`` returns ``0``.
 
 
 .. seealso::

Doc/library/repr.rst

@@ -125,15 +125,15 @@ The use of dynamic dispatching by :meth:`Repr.repr1` allows subclasses of
 the handling of types already supported. This example shows how special support
 for file objects could be added::
 
-   import repr
+   import repr as reprlib
    import sys
 
-   class MyRepr(repr.Repr):
+   class MyRepr(reprlib.Repr):
        def repr_file(self, obj, level):
            if obj.name in ['<stdin>', '<stdout>', '<stderr>']:
                return obj.name
            else:
-               return `obj`
+               return repr(obj)
 
    aRepr = MyRepr()
    print aRepr.repr(sys.stdin)          # prints '<stdin>'

Doc/library/socketserver.rst

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 
 .. note::
 
-   The :mod:`SocketServer` module has been renamed to `socketserver` in Python
+   The :mod:`SocketServer` module has been renamed to :mod:`socketserver` in
-   3.0.  The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when converting
+   Python 3.0.  The :term:`2to3` tool will automatically adapt imports when
-   your sources to 3.0.
+   converting your sources to 3.0.
 
 
 The :mod:`SocketServer` module simplifies the task of writing network servers.

Doc/library/tempfile.rst

@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ The module defines the following user-callable functions:
 
    .. warning::
 
-      Use of this function may introduce a security hole in your program.
+      Use of this function may introduce a security hole in your program.  By
-      By the time you get around to doing anything with the file name it
+      the time you get around to doing anything with the file name it returns,
-      returns, someone else may have beaten you to the punch.
+      someone else may have beaten you to the punch.  :func:`mktemp` usage can
-      :func:`mktemp` usage can be replaced easily with
+      be replaced easily with :func:`NamedTemporaryFile`, passing it the
-      :func:`NamedTemporaryFile`, passing it the  `delete=False` parameter::
+      ``delete=False`` parameter::
 
          >>> f = NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
          >>> f