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@ -238,10 +238,33 @@ module, but it's easier to use.
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PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines
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PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines
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======================================================
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======================================================
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XXX write this section.
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The :mod:`argparse` module for parsing command-line arguments was
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added, intended as a more powerful replacement for the
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:mod:`optparse` module.
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This means Python now supports three different modules for parsing
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command-line arguments: :mod:`getopt`, :mod:`optparse`, and
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:mod:`argparse`. The :mod:`getopt` module closely resembles the C
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:cfunc:`getopt` function, so it remains useful if you're writing a
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Python prototype that will eventually be rewritten in C.
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:mod:`optparse` becomes redundant, but there are no plans to remove it
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because there are many scripts still using it, and there's no
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automated way to update these scripts. (Making the :mod:`argparse`
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API consistent with :mod:`optparse`'s interface was discussed but
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rejected as too messy and difficult.)
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To summarize, if you're writing a new script and don't need to worry
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about compatibility with earlier versions of Python, use
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:mod:`argparse` instead of :mod:`optparse`.
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XXX need an example
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.. seealso::
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.. seealso::
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`argparse module documentation <http://docs.python.org/dev/library/argparse.html>`__
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`Upgrading optparse code to use argparse <http://docs.python.org/dev/library/argparse.html#upgrading-optparse-code>`__
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:pep:`389` - argparse - New Command Line Parsing Module
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:pep:`389` - argparse - New Command Line Parsing Module
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PEP written and implemented by Steven Bethard.
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PEP written and implemented by Steven Bethard.
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@ -478,6 +501,29 @@ Some smaller changes made to the core Python language are:
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.. ======================================================================
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.. ======================================================================
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.. _new-27-interpreter:
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Interpreter Changes
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-------------------------------
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A new environment variable, :envvar:`PYTHONWARNINGS`,
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allows controlling warnings. It should be set to a string
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containing warning settings, equivalent to those
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used with the :option:`-W` switch, separated by commas.
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(Contributed by Brian Curtin; :issue:`7301`.)
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For example, the following setting will print warnings every time
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they occur, but turn warnings from the :mod:`Cookie` module into an
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error. (The exact syntax for setting an environment variable varies
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across operating systems and shells, so it may be different for you.)
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::
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export PYTHONWARNINGS=all,error:::Cookie:0
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.. ======================================================================
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Optimizations
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Optimizations
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-------------
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-------------
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@ -720,6 +766,12 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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as arguments to its constructor.
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as arguments to its constructor.
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(Implemented by Mark Dickinson; :issue:`5812`.)
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(Implemented by Mark Dickinson; :issue:`5812`.)
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An oversight was fixed, making the :class:`Fraction` match the other
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numeric types; ordering comparisons (``<``, ``<=``, ``>``, ``>=``) between
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fractions and complex numbers now raise a :exc:`TypeError`.
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.. revision 79455
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* New class: a new :class:`~ftplib.FTP_TLS` class in
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* New class: a new :class:`~ftplib.FTP_TLS` class in
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the :mod:`ftplib` module provides secure FTP
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the :mod:`ftplib` module provides secure FTP
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connections using TLS encapsulation of authentication as well as
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connections using TLS encapsulation of authentication as well as
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@ -905,7 +957,12 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
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* The :mod:`socket` module's :class:`~ssl.SSL` objects now support the
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* The :mod:`socket` module's :class:`~ssl.SSL` objects now support the
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buffer API, which fixed a test suite failure. (Fixed by Antoine
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buffer API, which fixed a test suite failure. (Fixed by Antoine
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Pitrou; :issue:`7133`.)
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Pitrou; :issue:`7133`.) The version of OpenSSL being used is
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now available as the module attributes
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:attr:`OPENSSL_VERSION` (a string),
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:attr:`OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO` (a 5-tuple), and
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:attr:`OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER` (an integer). (Added by Antoine Pitrou;
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:issue:`8321`.)
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The :func:`~socket.create_connection` function
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The :func:`~socket.create_connection` function
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gained a *source_address* parameter, a ``(host, port)`` 2-tuple
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gained a *source_address* parameter, a ``(host, port)`` 2-tuple
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