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gh-100428: Make int documentation more accurate (#100436)

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- Remove first link to lexical definition of integer literal, since it
  doesn't apply (differs in handling of leading zeros, base needs to be
  explicitly specified, unicode digits are allowed)
- Better describe handling of leading zeros, unicode digits, underscores
- Base 0 does not work exactly as like a code literal, since it allows
  Unicode digits. Link code literal to lexical definition of integer
  literal.
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Shantanu 2023-01-01 20:14:18 -07:00 • committed by GitHub
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Doc/library/functions.rst
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@ -893,17 +893,21 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order.
For floating point numbers, this truncates towards zero.
If *x* is not a number or if *base* is given, then *x* must be a string,
:class:`bytes`, or :class:`bytearray` instance representing an :ref:`integer
literal <integers>` in radix *base*. Optionally, the literal can be
preceded by ``+`` or ``-`` (with no space in between) and surrounded by
whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0 to n-1, with ``a``
to ``z`` (or ``A`` to ``Z``) having
values 10 to 35. The default *base* is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2--36.
Base-2, -8, and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with ``0b``/``0B``,
``0o``/``0O``, or ``0x``/``0X``, as with integer literals in code. Base 0
means to interpret exactly as a code literal, so that the actual base is 2,
8, 10, or 16, and so that ``int('010', 0)`` is not legal, while
``int('010')`` is, as well as ``int('010', 8)``.
:class:`bytes`, or :class:`bytearray` instance representing an integer
in radix *base*. Optionally, the string can be preceded by ``+`` or ``-``
(with no space in between), have leading zeros, be surrounded by whitespace,
and have single underscores interspersed between digits.
A base-n integer string contains digits, each representing a value from 0 to
n-1. The values 0--9 can be represented by any Unicode decimal digit. The
values 10--35 can be represented by ``a`` to ``z`` (or ``A`` to ``Z``). The
default *base* is 10. The allowed bases are 0 and 2--36. Base-2, -8, and -16
strings can be optionally prefixed with ``0b``/``0B``, ``0o``/``0O``, or
``0x``/``0X``, as with integer literals in code. For base 0, the string is
interpreted in a similar way to an :ref:`integer literal in code <integers>`,
in that the actual base is 2, 8, 10, or 16 as determined by the prefix. Base
0 also disallows leading zeros: ``int('010', 0)`` is not legal, while
``int('010')`` and ``int('010', 8)`` are.
The integer type is described in :ref:`typesnumeric`.