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Python 3.9.10

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Łukasz Langa 2022-01-13 22:21:23 +01:00
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Lib/pydoc_data/topics.py
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Autogenerated by Sphinx on Mon Nov 15 18:21:10 2021
# Autogenerated by Sphinx on Thu Jan 13 21:46:32 2022
topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'**********************\n'
'\n'
@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'"super(B,\n'
' obj).m()" searches "obj.__class__.__mro__" for the '
'base class "A"\n'
' immediately preceding "B" and then invokes the '
' immediately following "B" and then invokes the '
'descriptor with the\n'
' call: "A.__dict__[\'m\'].__get__(obj, '
'obj.__class__)".\n'
@ -1010,14 +1010,15 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'can be\n'
'overridden by instances.\n'
'\n'
'Python methods (including "staticmethod()" and '
'"classmethod()") are\n'
'implemented as non-data descriptors. Accordingly, '
'instances can\n'
'redefine and override methods. This allows individual '
'instances to\n'
'acquire behaviors that differ from other instances of '
'the same class.\n'
'Python methods (including those decorated with '
'"@staticmethod" and\n'
'"@classmethod") are implemented as non-data '
'descriptors. Accordingly,\n'
'instances can redefine and override methods. This '
'allows individual\n'
'instances to acquire behaviors that differ from other '
'instances of the\n'
'same class.\n'
'\n'
'The "property()" function is implemented as a data '
'descriptor.\n'
@ -1030,12 +1031,12 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'*__slots__* allow us to explicitly declare data members '
'(like\n'
'properties) and deny the creation of *__dict__* and '
'properties) and deny the creation of "__dict__" and '
'*__weakref__*\n'
'(unless explicitly declared in *__slots__* or available '
'in a parent.)\n'
'\n'
'The space saved over using *__dict__* can be '
'The space saved over using "__dict__" can be '
'significant. Attribute\n'
'lookup speed can be significantly improved as well.\n'
'\n'
@ -1047,7 +1048,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'*__slots__*\n'
' reserves space for the declared variables and '
'prevents the\n'
' automatic creation of *__dict__* and *__weakref__* '
' automatic creation of "__dict__" and *__weakref__* '
'for each\n'
' instance.\n'
'\n'
@ -1056,11 +1057,11 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'--------------------------\n'
'\n'
'* When inheriting from a class without *__slots__*, the '
'*__dict__* and\n'
'"__dict__" and\n'
' *__weakref__* attribute of the instances will always '
'be accessible.\n'
'\n'
'* Without a *__dict__* variable, instances cannot be '
'* Without a "__dict__" variable, instances cannot be '
'assigned new\n'
' variables not listed in the *__slots__* definition. '
'Attempts to\n'
@ -1074,28 +1075,28 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'* Without a *__weakref__* variable for each instance, '
'classes defining\n'
' *__slots__* do not support weak references to its '
'instances. If weak\n'
' reference support is needed, then add '
' *__slots__* do not support "weak references" to its '
'instances. If\n'
' weak reference support is needed, then add '
'"\'__weakref__\'" to the\n'
' sequence of strings in the *__slots__* declaration.\n'
'\n'
'* *__slots__* are implemented at the class level by '
'creating\n'
' descriptors (Implementing Descriptors) for each '
'variable name. As a\n'
' result, class attributes cannot be used to set default '
'values for\n'
' instance variables defined by *__slots__*; otherwise, '
'the class\n'
' attribute would overwrite the descriptor assignment.\n'
' descriptors for each variable name. As a result, '
'class attributes\n'
' cannot be used to set default values for instance '
'variables defined\n'
' by *__slots__*; otherwise, the class attribute would '
'overwrite the\n'
' descriptor assignment.\n'
'\n'
'* The action of a *__slots__* declaration is not limited '
'to the class\n'
' where it is defined. *__slots__* declared in parents '
'are available\n'
' in child classes. However, child subclasses will get a '
'*__dict__*\n'
'"__dict__"\n'
' and *__weakref__* unless they also define *__slots__* '
'(which should\n'
' only contain names of any *additional* slots).\n'
@ -1115,13 +1116,19 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
' “variable-length” built-in types such as "int", '
'"bytes" and "tuple".\n'
'\n'
'* Any non-string iterable may be assigned to '
'*__slots__*. Mappings may\n'
' also be used; however, in the future, special meaning '
'may be\n'
' assigned to the values corresponding to each key.\n'
'* Any non-string *iterable* may be assigned to '
'*__slots__*.\n'
'\n'
'* *__class__* assignment works only if both classes have '
'* If a "dictionary" is used to assign *__slots__*, the '
'dictionary keys\n'
' will be used as the slot names. The values of the '
'dictionary can be\n'
' used to provide per-attribute docstrings that will be '
'recognised by\n'
' "inspect.getdoc()" and displayed in the output of '
'"help()".\n'
'\n'
'* "__class__" assignment works only if both classes have '
'the same\n'
' *__slots__*.\n'
'\n'
@ -1133,10 +1140,10 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'violations\n'
' raise "TypeError".\n'
'\n'
'* If an iterator is used for *__slots__* then a '
'descriptor is created\n'
' for each of the iterator’s values. However, the '
'*__slots__*\n'
'* If an *iterator* is used for *__slots__* then a '
'*descriptor* is\n'
' created for each of the iterator’s values. However, '
'the *__slots__*\n'
' attribute will be an empty iterator.\n',
'attribute-references': 'Attribute references\n'
'********************\n'
@ -3763,17 +3770,16 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'debugger will pause execution just before the first line of the\n'
'module.\n'
'\n'
'The typical usage to break into the debugger from a running '
'program is\n'
'to insert\n'
'The typical usage to break into the debugger is to insert:\n'
'\n'
' import pdb; pdb.set_trace()\n'
'\n'
'at the location you want to break into the debugger. You can '
'then\n'
'step through the code following this statement, and continue '
'running\n'
'without the debugger using the "continue" command.\n'
'at the location you want to break into the debugger, and then '
'run the\n'
'program. You can then step through the code following this '
'statement,\n'
'and continue running without the debugger using the "continue"\n'
'command.\n'
'\n'
'New in version 3.7: The built-in "breakpoint()", when called '
'with\n'
@ -7655,61 +7661,62 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'The following methods can be defined to implement '
'container objects.\n'
'Containers usually are sequences (such as lists or tuples) '
'or mappings\n'
'(like dictionaries), but can represent other containers as '
'well. The\n'
'first set of methods is used either to emulate a sequence '
'or to\n'
'emulate a mapping; the difference is that for a sequence, '
'the\n'
'allowable keys should be the integers *k* for which "0 <= '
'k < N" where\n'
'*N* is the length of the sequence, or slice objects, which '
'define a\n'
'range of items. It is also recommended that mappings '
'provide the\n'
'methods "keys()", "values()", "items()", "get()", '
'"clear()",\n'
'"setdefault()", "pop()", "popitem()", "copy()", and '
'"update()"\n'
'behaving similar to those for Python’s standard dictionary '
'Containers usually are *sequences* (such as "lists" or '
'"tuples") or\n'
'*mappings* (like "dictionaries"), but can represent other '
'containers\n'
'as well. The first set of methods is used either to '
'emulate a\n'
'sequence or to emulate a mapping; the difference is that '
'for a\n'
'sequence, the allowable keys should be the integers *k* '
'for which "0\n'
'<= k < N" where *N* is the length of the sequence, or '
'"slice" objects,\n'
'which define a range of items. It is also recommended '
'that mappings\n'
'provide the methods "keys()", "values()", "items()", '
'"get()",\n'
'"clear()", "setdefault()", "pop()", "popitem()", "copy()", '
'and\n'
'"update()" behaving similar to those for Python’s '
'standard\n'
'"dictionary" objects. The "collections.abc" module '
'provides a\n'
'"MutableMapping" *abstract base class* to help create '
'those methods\n'
'from a base set of "__getitem__()", "__setitem__()", '
'"__delitem__()",\n'
'and "keys()". Mutable sequences should provide methods '
'"append()",\n'
'"count()", "index()", "extend()", "insert()", "pop()", '
'"remove()",\n'
'"reverse()" and "sort()", like Python standard "list" '
'objects.\n'
'The "collections.abc" module provides a "MutableMapping" '
'abstract base\n'
'class to help create those methods from a base set of '
'"__getitem__()",\n'
'"__setitem__()", "__delitem__()", and "keys()". Mutable '
'sequences\n'
'should provide methods "append()", "count()", "index()", '
'"extend()",\n'
'"insert()", "pop()", "remove()", "reverse()" and "sort()", '
'like Python\n'
'standard list objects. Finally, sequence types should '
'implement\n'
'addition (meaning concatenation) and multiplication '
'Finally, sequence types should implement addition '
'(meaning\n'
'repetition) by defining the methods "__add__()", '
'"__radd__()",\n'
'"__iadd__()", "__mul__()", "__rmul__()" and "__imul__()" '
'described\n'
'below; they should not define other numerical operators. '
'concatenation) and multiplication (meaning repetition) by '
'defining the\n'
'methods "__add__()", "__radd__()", "__iadd__()", '
'"__mul__()",\n'
'"__rmul__()" and "__imul__()" described below; they should '
'not define\n'
'other numerical operators. It is recommended that both '
'mappings and\n'
'sequences implement the "__contains__()" method to allow '
'efficient use\n'
'of the "in" operator; for mappings, "in" should search the '
'mapping’s\n'
'keys; for sequences, it should search through the values. '
'It is\n'
'recommended that both mappings and sequences implement '
'further recommended that both mappings and sequences '
'implement the\n'
'"__iter__()" method to allow efficient iteration through '
'the\n'
'"__contains__()" method to allow efficient use of the "in" '
'operator;\n'
'for mappings, "in" should search the mapping’s keys; for '
'sequences, it\n'
'should search through the values. It is further '
'recommended that both\n'
'mappings and sequences implement the "__iter__()" method '
'to allow\n'
'efficient iteration through the container; for mappings, '
'"__iter__()"\n'
'should iterate through the object’s keys; for sequences, '
'it should\n'
'iterate through the values.\n'
'container; for mappings, "__iter__()" should iterate '
'through the\n'
'object’s keys; for sequences, it should iterate through '
'the values.\n'
'\n'
'object.__len__(self)\n'
'\n'
@ -7768,22 +7775,24 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'object.__getitem__(self, key)\n'
'\n'
' Called to implement evaluation of "self[key]". For '
'sequence types,\n'
' the accepted keys should be integers and slice '
'objects. Note that\n'
' the special interpretation of negative indexes (if the '
'class wishes\n'
' to emulate a sequence type) is up to the '
'"__getitem__()" method. If\n'
' *key* is of an inappropriate type, "TypeError" may be '
'raised; if of\n'
' a value outside the set of indexes for the sequence '
'(after any\n'
' special interpretation of negative values), '
'"IndexError" should be\n'
' raised. For mapping types, if *key* is missing (not in '
'*sequence*\n'
' types, the accepted keys should be integers and slice '
'objects.\n'
' Note that the special interpretation of negative '
'indexes (if the\n'
' class wishes to emulate a *sequence* type) is up to '
'the\n'
' container), "KeyError" should be raised.\n'
' "__getitem__()" method. If *key* is of an inappropriate '
'type,\n'
' "TypeError" may be raised; if of a value outside the '
'set of indexes\n'
' for the sequence (after any special interpretation of '
'negative\n'
' values), "IndexError" should be raised. For *mapping* '
'types, if\n'
' *key* is missing (not in the container), "KeyError" '
'should be\n'
' raised.\n'
'\n'
' Note:\n'
'\n'
@ -7793,6 +7802,15 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'of the\n'
' sequence.\n'
'\n'
' Note:\n'
'\n'
' When subscripting a *class*, the special class '
'method\n'
' "__class_getitem__()" may be called instead of '
'"__getitem__()".\n'
' See __class_getitem__ versus __getitem__ for more '
'details.\n'
'\n'
'object.__setitem__(self, key, value)\n'
'\n'
' Called to implement assignment to "self[key]". Same '
@ -8891,7 +8909,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'"super(B,\n'
' obj).m()" searches "obj.__class__.__mro__" for the base '
'class "A"\n'
' immediately preceding "B" and then invokes the descriptor '
' immediately following "B" and then invokes the descriptor '
'with the\n'
' call: "A.__dict__[\'m\'].__get__(obj, obj.__class__)".\n'
'\n'
@ -8921,13 +8939,14 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'be\n'
'overridden by instances.\n'
'\n'
'Python methods (including "staticmethod()" and '
'"classmethod()") are\n'
'implemented as non-data descriptors. Accordingly, instances '
'can\n'
'redefine and override methods. This allows individual '
'instances to\n'
'acquire behaviors that differ from other instances of the '
'Python methods (including those decorated with '
'"@staticmethod" and\n'
'"@classmethod") are implemented as non-data descriptors. '
'Accordingly,\n'
'instances can redefine and override methods. This allows '
'individual\n'
'instances to acquire behaviors that differ from other '
'instances of the\n'
'same class.\n'
'\n'
'The "property()" function is implemented as a data '
@ -8941,12 +8960,12 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'*__slots__* allow us to explicitly declare data members '
'(like\n'
'properties) and deny the creation of *__dict__* and '
'properties) and deny the creation of "__dict__" and '
'*__weakref__*\n'
'(unless explicitly declared in *__slots__* or available in a '
'parent.)\n'
'\n'
'The space saved over using *__dict__* can be significant. '
'The space saved over using "__dict__" can be significant. '
'Attribute\n'
'lookup speed can be significantly improved as well.\n'
'\n'
@ -8958,7 +8977,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'*__slots__*\n'
' reserves space for the declared variables and prevents '
'the\n'
' automatic creation of *__dict__* and *__weakref__* for '
' automatic creation of "__dict__" and *__weakref__* for '
'each\n'
' instance.\n'
'\n'
@ -8967,11 +8986,11 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n'
'\n'
'* When inheriting from a class without *__slots__*, the '
'*__dict__* and\n'
'"__dict__" and\n'
' *__weakref__* attribute of the instances will always be '
'accessible.\n'
'\n'
'* Without a *__dict__* variable, instances cannot be '
'* Without a "__dict__" variable, instances cannot be '
'assigned new\n'
' variables not listed in the *__slots__* definition. '
'Attempts to\n'
@ -8984,28 +9003,28 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'* Without a *__weakref__* variable for each instance, '
'classes defining\n'
' *__slots__* do not support weak references to its '
'instances. If weak\n'
' reference support is needed, then add "\'__weakref__\'" to '
'the\n'
' *__slots__* do not support "weak references" to its '
'instances. If\n'
' weak reference support is needed, then add '
'"\'__weakref__\'" to the\n'
' sequence of strings in the *__slots__* declaration.\n'
'\n'
'* *__slots__* are implemented at the class level by '
'creating\n'
' descriptors (Implementing Descriptors) for each variable '
'name. As a\n'
' result, class attributes cannot be used to set default '
'values for\n'
' instance variables defined by *__slots__*; otherwise, the '
'class\n'
' attribute would overwrite the descriptor assignment.\n'
' descriptors for each variable name. As a result, class '
'attributes\n'
' cannot be used to set default values for instance '
'variables defined\n'
' by *__slots__*; otherwise, the class attribute would '
'overwrite the\n'
' descriptor assignment.\n'
'\n'
'* The action of a *__slots__* declaration is not limited to '
'the class\n'
' where it is defined. *__slots__* declared in parents are '
'available\n'
' in child classes. However, child subclasses will get a '
'*__dict__*\n'
'"__dict__"\n'
' and *__weakref__* unless they also define *__slots__* '
'(which should\n'
' only contain names of any *additional* slots).\n'
@ -9025,13 +9044,18 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
' “variable-length” built-in types such as "int", "bytes" '
'and "tuple".\n'
'\n'
'* Any non-string iterable may be assigned to *__slots__*. '
'Mappings may\n'
' also be used; however, in the future, special meaning may '
'be\n'
' assigned to the values corresponding to each key.\n'
'* Any non-string *iterable* may be assigned to *__slots__*.\n'
'\n'
'* *__class__* assignment works only if both classes have the '
'* If a "dictionary" is used to assign *__slots__*, the '
'dictionary keys\n'
' will be used as the slot names. The values of the '
'dictionary can be\n'
' used to provide per-attribute docstrings that will be '
'recognised by\n'
' "inspect.getdoc()" and displayed in the output of '
'"help()".\n'
'\n'
'* "__class__" assignment works only if both classes have the '
'same\n'
' *__slots__*.\n'
'\n'
@ -9043,9 +9067,9 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'violations\n'
' raise "TypeError".\n'
'\n'
'* If an iterator is used for *__slots__* then a descriptor '
'is created\n'
' for each of the iterator’s values. However, the '
'* If an *iterator* is used for *__slots__* then a '
'*descriptor* is\n'
' created for each of the iterator’s values. However, the '
'*__slots__*\n'
' attribute will be an empty iterator.\n'
'\n'
@ -9054,7 +9078,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'==========================\n'
'\n'
'Whenever a class inherits from another class, '
'*__init_subclass__* is\n'
'"__init_subclass__()" is\n'
'called on that class. This way, it is possible to write '
'classes which\n'
'change the behavior of subclasses. This is closely related '
@ -9222,10 +9246,10 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'come from\n'
'the class definition). The "__prepare__" method should be '
'implemented\n'
'as a "classmethod()". The namespace returned by '
'"__prepare__" is\n'
'passed in to "__new__", but when the final class object is '
'created the\n'
'as a "classmethod". The namespace returned by "__prepare__" '
'is passed\n'
'in to "__new__", but when the final class object is created '
'the\n'
'namespace is copied into a new "dict".\n'
'\n'
'If the metaclass has no "__prepare__" attribute, then the '
@ -9413,9 +9437,33 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'Emulating generic types\n'
'=======================\n'
'\n'
'One can implement the generic class syntax as specified by '
'**PEP 484**\n'
'(for example "List[int]") by defining a special method:\n'
'When using *type annotations*, it is often useful to '
'*parameterize* a\n'
'*generic type* using Python’s square-brackets notation. For '
'example,\n'
'the annotation "list[int]" might be used to signify a "list" '
'in which\n'
'all the elements are of type "int".\n'
'\n'
'See also:\n'
'\n'
' **PEP 484** - Type Hints\n'
' Introducing Python’s framework for type annotations\n'
'\n'
' Generic Alias Types\n'
' Documentation for objects representing parameterized '
'generic\n'
' classes\n'
'\n'
' Generics, user-defined generics and "typing.Generic"\n'
' Documentation on how to implement generic classes that '
'can be\n'
' parameterized at runtime and understood by static '
'type-checkers.\n'
'\n'
'A class can *generally* only be parameterized if it defines '
'the\n'
'special class method "__class_getitem__()".\n'
'\n'
'classmethod object.__class_getitem__(cls, key)\n'
'\n'
@ -9423,18 +9471,144 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'generic class\n'
' by type arguments found in *key*.\n'
'\n'
'This method is looked up on the class object itself, and '
'when defined\n'
'in the class body, this method is implicitly a class '
'method. Note,\n'
'this mechanism is primarily reserved for use with static '
'type hints,\n'
'other usage is discouraged.\n'
' When defined on a class, "__class_getitem__()" is '
'automatically a\n'
' class method. As such, there is no need for it to be '
'decorated with\n'
' "@classmethod" when it is defined.\n'
'\n'
'\n'
'The purpose of *__class_getitem__*\n'
'----------------------------------\n'
'\n'
'The purpose of "__class_getitem__()" is to allow runtime\n'
'parameterization of standard-library generic classes in '
'order to more\n'
'easily apply *type hints* to these classes.\n'
'\n'
'To implement custom generic classes that can be '
'parameterized at\n'
'runtime and understood by static type-checkers, users should '
'either\n'
'inherit from a standard library class that already '
'implements\n'
'"__class_getitem__()", or inherit from "typing.Generic", '
'which has its\n'
'own implementation of "__class_getitem__()".\n'
'\n'
'Custom implementations of "__class_getitem__()" on classes '
'defined\n'
'outside of the standard library may not be understood by '
'third-party\n'
'type-checkers such as mypy. Using "__class_getitem__()" on '
'any class\n'
'for purposes other than type hinting is discouraged.\n'
'\n'
'\n'
'*__class_getitem__* versus *__getitem__*\n'
'----------------------------------------\n'
'\n'
'Usually, the subscription of an object using square brackets '
'will call\n'
'the "__getitem__()" instance method defined on the object’s '
'class.\n'
'However, if the object being subscribed is itself a class, '
'the class\n'
'method "__class_getitem__()" may be called instead.\n'
'"__class_getitem__()" should return a GenericAlias object if '
'it is\n'
'properly defined.\n'
'\n'
'Presented with the *expression* "obj[x]", the Python '
'interpreter\n'
'follows something like the following process to decide '
'whether\n'
'"__getitem__()" or "__class_getitem__()" should be called:\n'
'\n'
' from inspect import isclass\n'
'\n'
' def subscribe(obj, x):\n'
' """Return the result of the expression `obj[x]`"""\n'
'\n'
' class_of_obj = type(obj)\n'
'\n'
' # If the class of obj defines __getitem__,\n'
' # call class_of_obj.__getitem__(obj, x)\n'
" if hasattr(class_of_obj, '__getitem__'):\n"
' return class_of_obj.__getitem__(obj, x)\n'
'\n'
' # Else, if obj is a class and defines '
'__class_getitem__,\n'
' # call obj.__class_getitem__(x)\n'
' elif isclass(obj) and hasattr(obj, '
"'__class_getitem__'):\n"
' return obj.__class_getitem__(x)\n'
'\n'
' # Else, raise an exception\n'
' else:\n'
' raise TypeError(\n'
' f"\'{class_of_obj.__name__}\' object is not '
'subscriptable"\n'
' )\n'
'\n'
'In Python, all classes are themselves instances of other '
'classes. The\n'
'class of a class is known as that class’s *metaclass*, and '
'most\n'
'classes have the "type" class as their metaclass. "type" '
'does not\n'
'define "__getitem__()", meaning that expressions such as '
'"list[int]",\n'
'"dict[str, float]" and "tuple[str, bytes]" all result in\n'
'"__class_getitem__()" being called:\n'
'\n'
' >>> # list has class "type" as its metaclass, like most '
'classes:\n'
' >>> type(list)\n'
" <class 'type'>\n"
' >>> type(dict) == type(list) == type(tuple) == type(str) '
'== type(bytes)\n'
' True\n'
' >>> # "list[int]" calls "list.__class_getitem__(int)"\n'
' >>> list[int]\n'
' list[int]\n'
' >>> # list.__class_getitem__ returns a GenericAlias '
'object:\n'
' >>> type(list[int])\n'
" <class 'types.GenericAlias'>\n"
'\n'
'However, if a class has a custom metaclass that defines\n'
'"__getitem__()", subscribing the class may result in '
'different\n'
'behaviour. An example of this can be found in the "enum" '
'module:\n'
'\n'
' >>> from enum import Enum\n'
' >>> class Menu(Enum):\n'
' ... """A breakfast menu"""\n'
" ... SPAM = 'spam'\n"
" ... BACON = 'bacon'\n"
' ...\n'
' >>> # Enum classes have a custom metaclass:\n'
' >>> type(Menu)\n'
" <class 'enum.EnumMeta'>\n"
' >>> # EnumMeta defines __getitem__,\n'
' >>> # so __class_getitem__ is not called,\n'
' >>> # and the result is not a GenericAlias object:\n'
" >>> Menu['SPAM']\n"
" <Menu.SPAM: 'spam'>\n"
" >>> type(Menu['SPAM'])\n"
" <enum 'Menu'>\n"
'\n'
'See also:\n'
'\n'
' **PEP 560** - Core support for typing module and generic '
' **PEP 560** - Core Support for typing module and generic '
'types\n'
' Introducing "__class_getitem__()", and outlining when '
'a\n'
' subscription results in "__class_getitem__()" being '
'called\n'
' instead of "__getitem__()"\n'
'\n'
'\n'
'Emulating callable objects\n'
@ -9453,60 +9627,60 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
'The following methods can be defined to implement container '
'objects.\n'
'Containers usually are sequences (such as lists or tuples) '
'or mappings\n'
'(like dictionaries), but can represent other containers as '
'well. The\n'
'first set of methods is used either to emulate a sequence or '
'to\n'
'emulate a mapping; the difference is that for a sequence, '
'the\n'
'allowable keys should be the integers *k* for which "0 <= k '
'< N" where\n'
'*N* is the length of the sequence, or slice objects, which '
'define a\n'
'range of items. It is also recommended that mappings '
'provide the\n'
'methods "keys()", "values()", "items()", "get()", '
'"clear()",\n'
'"setdefault()", "pop()", "popitem()", "copy()", and '
'"update()"\n'
'behaving similar to those for Python’s standard dictionary '
'Containers usually are *sequences* (such as "lists" or '
'"tuples") or\n'
'*mappings* (like "dictionaries"), but can represent other '
'containers\n'
'as well. The first set of methods is used either to emulate '
'a\n'
'sequence or to emulate a mapping; the difference is that for '
'a\n'
'sequence, the allowable keys should be the integers *k* for '
'which "0\n'
'<= k < N" where *N* is the length of the sequence, or '
'"slice" objects,\n'
'which define a range of items. It is also recommended that '
'mappings\n'
'provide the methods "keys()", "values()", "items()", '
'"get()",\n'
'"clear()", "setdefault()", "pop()", "popitem()", "copy()", '
'and\n'
'"update()" behaving similar to those for Python’s standard\n'
'"dictionary" objects. The "collections.abc" module provides '
'a\n'
'"MutableMapping" *abstract base class* to help create those '
'methods\n'
'from a base set of "__getitem__()", "__setitem__()", '
'"__delitem__()",\n'
'and "keys()". Mutable sequences should provide methods '
'"append()",\n'
'"count()", "index()", "extend()", "insert()", "pop()", '
'"remove()",\n'
'"reverse()" and "sort()", like Python standard "list" '
'objects.\n'
'The "collections.abc" module provides a "MutableMapping" '
'abstract base\n'
'class to help create those methods from a base set of '
'"__getitem__()",\n'
'"__setitem__()", "__delitem__()", and "keys()". Mutable '
'sequences\n'
'should provide methods "append()", "count()", "index()", '
'"extend()",\n'
'"insert()", "pop()", "remove()", "reverse()" and "sort()", '
'like Python\n'
'standard list objects. Finally, sequence types should '
'implement\n'
'addition (meaning concatenation) and multiplication '
'(meaning\n'
'repetition) by defining the methods "__add__()", '
'"__radd__()",\n'
'"__iadd__()", "__mul__()", "__rmul__()" and "__imul__()" '
'described\n'
'below; they should not define other numerical operators. It '
'is\n'
'recommended that both mappings and sequences implement the\n'
'"__contains__()" method to allow efficient use of the "in" '
'operator;\n'
'for mappings, "in" should search the mapping’s keys; for '
'sequences, it\n'
'should search through the values. It is further recommended '
'that both\n'
'mappings and sequences implement the "__iter__()" method to '
'allow\n'
'efficient iteration through the container; for mappings, '
'"__iter__()"\n'
'should iterate through the object’s keys; for sequences, it '
'should\n'
'iterate through the values.\n'
'Finally, sequence types should implement addition (meaning\n'
'concatenation) and multiplication (meaning repetition) by '
'defining the\n'
'methods "__add__()", "__radd__()", "__iadd__()", '
'"__mul__()",\n'
'"__rmul__()" and "__imul__()" described below; they should '
'not define\n'
'other numerical operators. It is recommended that both '
'mappings and\n'
'sequences implement the "__contains__()" method to allow '
'efficient use\n'
'of the "in" operator; for mappings, "in" should search the '
'mapping’s\n'
'keys; for sequences, it should search through the values. '
'It is\n'
'further recommended that both mappings and sequences '
'implement the\n'
'"__iter__()" method to allow efficient iteration through '
'the\n'
'container; for mappings, "__iter__()" should iterate through '
'the\n'
'object’s keys; for sequences, it should iterate through the '
'values.\n'
'\n'
'object.__len__(self)\n'
'\n'
@ -9564,22 +9738,23 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'object.__getitem__(self, key)\n'
'\n'
' Called to implement evaluation of "self[key]". For '
'sequence types,\n'
' the accepted keys should be integers and slice objects. '
'Note that\n'
' the special interpretation of negative indexes (if the '
'class wishes\n'
' to emulate a sequence type) is up to the "__getitem__()" '
'method. If\n'
' *key* is of an inappropriate type, "TypeError" may be '
'raised; if of\n'
' a value outside the set of indexes for the sequence '
'(after any\n'
' special interpretation of negative values), "IndexError" '
'*sequence*\n'
' types, the accepted keys should be integers and slice '
'objects.\n'
' Note that the special interpretation of negative indexes '
'(if the\n'
' class wishes to emulate a *sequence* type) is up to the\n'
' "__getitem__()" method. If *key* is of an inappropriate '
'type,\n'
' "TypeError" may be raised; if of a value outside the set '
'of indexes\n'
' for the sequence (after any special interpretation of '
'negative\n'
' values), "IndexError" should be raised. For *mapping* '
'types, if\n'
' *key* is missing (not in the container), "KeyError" '
'should be\n'
' raised. For mapping types, if *key* is missing (not in '
'the\n'
' container), "KeyError" should be raised.\n'
' raised.\n'
'\n'
' Note:\n'
'\n'
@ -9589,6 +9764,14 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'the\n'
' sequence.\n'
'\n'
' Note:\n'
'\n'
' When subscripting a *class*, the special class method\n'
' "__class_getitem__()" may be called instead of '
'"__getitem__()".\n'
' See __class_getitem__ versus __getitem__ for more '
'details.\n'
'\n'
'object.__setitem__(self, key, value)\n'
'\n'
' Called to implement assignment to "self[key]". Same note '
@ -10376,9 +10559,9 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
' >>> from keyword import iskeyword\n'
'\n'
" >>> 'hello'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('hello')\n"
' True, False\n'
' (True, False)\n'
" >>> 'def'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('def')\n"
' True, True\n'
' (True, True)\n'
'\n'
'str.islower()\n'
'\n'
@ -10729,7 +10912,7 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
" >>> ' 1 2 3 '.split()\n"
" ['1', '2', '3']\n"
'\n'
'str.splitlines([keepends])\n'
'str.splitlines(keepends=False)\n'
'\n'
' Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at '
'line\n'
@ -12060,14 +12243,14 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'for"\n'
' statement to execute the body of the function.\n'
'\n'
' Calling the asynchronous iterator’s "aiterator.__anext__()"\n'
' method will return an *awaitable* which when awaited will\n'
' execute until it provides a value using the "yield" '
'expression.\n'
' When the function executes an empty "return" statement or '
'falls\n'
' off the end, a "StopAsyncIteration" exception is raised and '
' Calling the asynchronous iterator’s "aiterator.__anext__" '
'method\n'
' will return an *awaitable* which when awaited will execute '
'until\n'
' it provides a value using the "yield" expression. When the\n'
' function executes an empty "return" statement or falls off '
'the\n'
' end, a "StopAsyncIteration" exception is raised and the\n'
' asynchronous iterator will have reached the end of the set '
'of\n'
' values to be yielded.\n'
@ -12587,9 +12770,9 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'"dict"\n'
'constructor.\n'
'\n'
'class dict(**kwarg)\n'
'class dict(mapping, **kwarg)\n'
'class dict(iterable, **kwarg)\n'
'class dict(**kwargs)\n'
'class dict(mapping, **kwargs)\n'
'class dict(iterable, **kwargs)\n'
'\n'
' Return a new dictionary initialized from an optional '
'positional\n'
@ -13694,7 +13877,8 @@ topics = {'assert': 'The "assert" statement\n'
'\n'
' The arguments to the range constructor must be integers '
'(either\n'
' built-in "int" or any object that implements the "__index__"\n'
' built-in "int" or any object that implements the '
'"__index__()"\n'
' special method). If the *step* argument is omitted, it '
'defaults to\n'
' "1". If the *start* argument is omitted, it defaults to "0". '