This should be a pure refactoring, without user-visible behaviour changes.
Before this change, ctypes uses traditional native C types, usually identified
by [`struct` format characters][struct-chars] when a short (and
identifier-friendly) name is needed:
- `signed char` (`b`) / `unsigned char` (`B`)
- `short` (`h`) / `unsigned short` (`h`)
- `int` (`i`) / `unsigned int` (`i`)
- `long` (`l`) / `unsigned long` (`l`)
- `long long` (`q`) / `unsigned long long` (`q`)
These map to C99 fixed-width types, which this PR switches to: -
- `int8_t`/`uint8_t`
- `int16_t`/`uint16_t`
- `int32_t`/`uint32_t`
- `int64_t`/`uint64_t`
The C standard doesn't guarantee that the “traditional” types must map to the
fixints. But, [`ctypes` currently requires it][swapdefs], so the assumption won't
break anything.
By “map” I mean that the *size* of the types matches. The *alignment*
requirements might not. This needs to be kept in mind but is not an issue in
`ctypes` accessors, which [explicitly handle unaligned memory][memcpy] for the
integer types.
Note that there are 5 “traditional” C type sizes, but 4 fixed-width ones. Two of
the former are functionally identical to one another; which ones they are is
platform-specific (e.g. `int`==`long`==`int32_t`.) This means that one of the
[current][current-impls-1] [implementations][current-impls-2] is redundant on
any given platform.
The fixint types are parametrized by the number of bytes/bits, and one bit for
signedness. This makes it easier to autogenerate code for them or to write
generic macros (though generic API like
[`PyLong_AsNativeBytes`][PyLong_AsNativeBytes] is problematic for performance
reasons -- especially compared to a `memcpy` with compile-time-constant size).
When one has a *different* integer type, determining the corresponding fixint
means a `sizeof` and signedness check. This is easier and more robust than the
current implementations (see [`wchar_t`][sizeof-wchar_t] or
[`_Bool`][sizeof-bool]).
[swapdefs]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L420-L444
[struct-chars]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html#format-characters
[current-impls-1]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L470-L653
[current-impls-2]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L703-L944
[memcpy]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L613
[PyLong_AsNativeBytes]: https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_AsNativeBytes
[sizeof-wchar_t]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L1547-L1555
[sizeof-bool]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.13.0/Modules/_ctypes/cfield.c#L1562-L1572
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>
* Add `_PyDictKeys_StringLookupSplit` which does locking on dict keys and
use in place of `_PyDictKeys_StringLookup`.
* Change `_PyObject_TryGetInstanceAttribute` to use that function
in the case of split keys.
* Add `unicodekeys_lookup_split` helper which allows code sharing
between `_Py_dict_lookup` and `_PyDictKeys_StringLookupSplit`.
* Fix locking for `STORE_ATTR_INSTANCE_VALUE`. Create
`_GUARD_TYPE_VERSION_AND_LOCK` uop so that object stays locked and
`tp_version_tag` cannot change.
* Pass `tp_version_tag` to `specialize_dict_access()`, ensuring
the version we store on the cache is the correct one (in case of
it changing during the specalize analysis).
* Split `analyze_descriptor` into `analyze_descriptor_load` and
`analyze_descriptor_store` since those don't share much logic.
Add `descriptor_is_class` helper function.
* In `specialize_dict_access`, double check `_PyObject_GetManagedDict()`
in case we race and dict was materialized before the lock.
* Avoid borrowed references in `_Py_Specialize_StoreAttr()`.
* Use `specialize()` and `unspecialize()` helpers.
* Add unit tests to ensure specializing happens as expected in FT builds.
* Add unit tests to attempt to trigger data races (useful for running under TSAN).
* Add `has_split_table` function to `_testinternalcapi`.
The `PyWeakref_IsDead()` function tests if a weak reference is dead
without any side effects. Although you can also detect if a weak
reference is dead using `PyWeakref_GetRef()`, that function returns a
strong reference that must be `Py_DECREF()`'d, which can introduce side
effects if the last reference is concurrently dropped (at least in the
free threading build).
gh-127897: Update HACL* module from upstream sources to get:
- Lib_Memzero0.c: don't use memset_s() on macOS <10.9
- Use _mm_malloc() for KRML_ALIGNED_MALLOC on macOS <10.15
- Add LEGACY_MACOS macros, use _mm_free() for KRML_ALIGNED_FREE on macOS <10.15
- Add a helper to set an error from locale-encoded `char*`
- Use the helper for gdbm & dlerror messages
Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>
The function `operator.methodcaller` was not thread-safe since the additional
of the vectorcall method in gh-89013. In the free threading build the issue
is easy to trigger, for the normal build harder.
This makes the `methodcaller` safe by:
* Replacing the lazy initialization with initialization in the constructor.
* Using a stack allocated space for the vectorcall arguments and falling back
to `tp_call` for calls with more than 8 arguments.
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
From the ERR_raise manpage:
ERR_LIB_SYS
This "library code" indicates that a system error is
being reported. In this case, the reason code given
to `ERR_raise()` and `ERR_raise_data()` *must* be
`errno(3)`.
This PR only handles ERR_LIB_SYS for the high-lever error types
SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL and SSL_ERROR_SSL, i.e., not the ones where
OpenSSL indicates it has some more information about the issue.
On Linux, threading.Thread now sets the thread name to the operating
system.
* configure now checks if pthread_getname_np()
and pthread_setname_np() functions are available.
* Add PYTHREAD_NAME_MAXLEN macro.
* Add _thread._NAME_MAXLEN constant for test_threading.
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
gh-127572: Fix `test_structmembers` initialization.
The 'C' format code expects an `int` as a destination (not a `char`).
This led to test failures on big-endian platforms like s390x. Use the
'c' format code, which expects a `char` as the destination (but requires
a Python byte objects instead of a str).
* Mark almost all reachable objects before doing collection phase
* Add stats for objects marked
* Visit new frames before each increment
* Update docs
* Clearer calculation of work to do.
- Add `git describe` output to headers generated by `make_ssl_data.py`
This info is more important than the date when the file was generated.
It does mean that the tool now requires a Git checkout of OpenSSL,
not for example a release tarball.
- Regenerate the older file to add the info.
To the other older file, add a note about manual edits.
- Add notes on how to add a new OpenSSL version
- Add 3.4 error messages and multissl tests
Since MultiByteToWideChar()/WideCharToMultiByte() is not reversible if
the data contains invalid UTF-8 sequences, use binary search to
calculate the number of written bytes from the number of written
characters.
Also fix writing incomplete UTF-8 sequences.
Also fix handling of memory allocation failures.
"Generally, mixed-mode arithmetic combining real and complex variables should
be performed directly, not by first coercing the real to complex, lest the sign
of zero be rendered uninformative; the same goes for combinations of pure
imaginary quantities with complex variables." (c) Kahan, W: Branch cuts for
complex elementary functions.
This patch implements mixed-mode arithmetic rules, combining real and
complex variables as specified by C standards since C99 (in particular,
there is no special version for the true division with real lhs
operand). Most C compilers implementing C99+ Annex G have only these
special rules (without support for imaginary type, which is going to be
deprecated in C2y).
If Python fails to start newly created thread
due to failure of underlying PyThread_start_new_thread() call,
its state should be removed from interpreter' thread states list
to avoid its double cleanup.
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
The `methodcaller` C vectorcall implementation uses an arguments array
that is shared across calls. The first argument is modified on every
invocation. This isn't thread-safe in the free threading build. I think
it's also not safe in general, but for now just disable it in the free
threading build.
