mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2025-08-01 23:53:15 +00:00
f7614d55a2
- based on pip and other PyPA tools - includes references to the new Python Packaging User Guide where appropriate (and the relevant section is at least partially filled in) - started new FAQ sections - both guides aim to introduce users to basic open source concepts if they aren't aware of them - existing guides have been relocated (now linked from the distutils docs) rather then removed, since there is some needed material that has yet to be relocated to the distutils docs as a reference for the legacy formats
104 lines
5 KiB
PHP
104 lines
5 KiB
PHP
Creation of :ref:`virtual environments <venv-def>` is done by executing the
|
|
``pyvenv`` script::
|
|
|
|
pyvenv /path/to/new/virtual/environment
|
|
|
|
Running this command creates the target directory (creating any parent
|
|
directories that don't exist already) and places a ``pyvenv.cfg`` file in it
|
|
with a ``home`` key pointing to the Python installation the command was run
|
|
from. It also creates a ``bin`` (or ``Scripts`` on Windows) subdirectory
|
|
containing a copy of the ``python`` binary (or binaries, in the case of
|
|
Windows). It also creates an (initially empty) ``lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages``
|
|
subdirectory (on Windows, this is ``Lib\site-packages``).
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
`Python Packaging User Guide: Creating and using virtual environments
|
|
<http://packaging.python.org/en/latest/tutorial.html#creating-and-using-virtual-environments>`__
|
|
|
|
.. highlight:: none
|
|
|
|
On Windows, you may have to invoke the ``pyvenv`` script as follows, if you
|
|
don't have the relevant PATH and PATHEXT settings::
|
|
|
|
c:\Temp>c:\Python33\python c:\Python33\Tools\Scripts\pyvenv.py myenv
|
|
|
|
or equivalently::
|
|
|
|
c:\Temp>c:\Python33\python -m venv myenv
|
|
|
|
The command, if run with ``-h``, will show the available options::
|
|
|
|
usage: pyvenv [-h] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks] [--clear]
|
|
[--upgrade] [--without-pip] ENV_DIR [ENV_DIR ...]
|
|
|
|
Creates virtual Python environments in one or more target directories.
|
|
|
|
positional arguments:
|
|
ENV_DIR A directory to create the environment in.
|
|
|
|
optional arguments:
|
|
-h, --help show this help message and exit
|
|
--system-site-packages Give access to the global site-packages dir to the
|
|
virtual environment.
|
|
--symlinks Try to use symlinks rather than copies, when symlinks
|
|
are not the default for the platform.
|
|
--copies Try to use copies rather than symlinks, even when
|
|
symlinks are the default for the platform.
|
|
--clear Delete the environment directory if it already exists.
|
|
If not specified and the directory exists, an error is
|
|
raised.
|
|
--upgrade Upgrade the environment directory to use this version
|
|
of Python, assuming Python has been upgraded in-place.
|
|
--without-pip Skips installing or upgrading pip in the virtual
|
|
environment (pip is bootstrapped by default)
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
|
|
Installs pip by default, added the ``--without-pip`` and ``--copies``
|
|
options
|
|
|
|
If the target directory already exists an error will be raised, unless
|
|
the ``--clear`` or ``--upgrade`` option was provided.
|
|
|
|
The created ``pyvenv.cfg`` file also includes the
|
|
``include-system-site-packages`` key, set to ``true`` if ``venv`` is
|
|
run with the ``--system-site-packages`` option, ``false`` otherwise.
|
|
|
|
Unless the ``--without-pip`` option is given, :mod:`ensurepip` will be
|
|
invoked to bootstrap ``pip`` into the virtual environment.
|
|
|
|
Multiple paths can be given to ``pyvenv``, in which case an identical
|
|
virtualenv will be created, according to the given options, at each
|
|
provided path.
|
|
|
|
Once a venv has been created, it can be "activated" using a script in the
|
|
venv's binary directory. The invocation of the script is platform-specific:
|
|
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
| Platform | Shell | Command to activate virtual environment |
|
|
+=============+=================+=========================================+
|
|
| Posix | bash/zsh | $ source <venv>/bin/activate |
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
| | fish | $ . <venv>/bin/activate.fish |
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
| | csh/tcsh | $ source <venv>/bin/activate.csh |
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
| Windows | cmd.exe | C:\> <venv>/Scripts/activate.bat |
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
| | PowerShell | PS C:\> <venv>/Scripts/Activate.ps1 |
|
|
+-------------+-----------------+-----------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
You don't specifically *need* to activate an environment; activation just
|
|
prepends the venv's binary directory to your path, so that "python" invokes the
|
|
venv's Python interpreter and you can run installed scripts without having to
|
|
use their full path. However, all scripts installed in a venv should be
|
|
runnable without activating it, and run with the venv's Python automatically.
|
|
|
|
You can deactivate a venv by typing "deactivate" in your shell. The exact
|
|
mechanism is platform-specific: for example, the Bash activation script defines
|
|
a "deactivate" function, whereas on Windows there are separate scripts called
|
|
``deactivate.bat`` and ``Deactivate.ps1`` which are installed when the venv is
|
|
created.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 3.4
|
|
``fish`` and ``csh`` activation scripts.
|