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svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r82879 | stefan.krah | 2010-07-14 12:16:11 +0200 (Mi, 14 Jul 2010) | 3 lines High byte is the exit status. ........ r82958 | jean-paul.calderone | 2010-07-18 18:13:27 +0200 (So, 18 Jul 2010) | 1 line There is no method named "register(fd, eventmask)"; fix markup to just indicate this is code. ........ r82959 | jean-paul.calderone | 2010-07-18 18:30:31 +0200 (So, 18 Jul 2010) | 1 line Document the extra epoll flags ........ r83109 | brett.cannon | 2010-07-23 18:58:21 +0200 (Fr, 23 Jul 2010) | 4 lines Mention in the fnmatch docs that meta-characters in translate cannot be quoted. Closes issue 9358. Thanks to Brian Brazil for the patch. ........ r83127 | martin.v.loewis | 2010-07-24 12:09:11 +0200 (Sa, 24 Jul 2010) | 2 lines Put listdir default argument into declaration. ........ r83224 | mark.dickinson | 2010-07-29 15:56:56 +0200 (Do, 29 Jul 2010) | 1 line Fix typo. ........ r83747 | gerhard.haering | 2010-08-06 08:12:05 +0200 (Fr, 06 Aug 2010) | 2 lines Issue #3854: Documented using the sqlite3 module with multiple threads. ........ r84162 | victor.stinner | 2010-08-18 00:01:02 +0200 (Mi, 18 Aug 2010) | 3 lines Replace :func: by :cfunc: To get links to the C functions ........
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ReStructuredText
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2.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
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:mod:`fnmatch` --- Unix filename pattern matching
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=================================================
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.. module:: fnmatch
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:synopsis: Unix shell style filename pattern matching.
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.. index:: single: filenames; wildcard expansion
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.. index:: module: re
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This module provides support for Unix shell-style wildcards, which are *not* the
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same as regular expressions (which are documented in the :mod:`re` module). The
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special characters used in shell-style wildcards are:
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+------------+------------------------------------+
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| Pattern | Meaning |
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+============+====================================+
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| ``*`` | matches everything |
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+------------+------------------------------------+
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| ``?`` | matches any single character |
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+------------+------------------------------------+
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| ``[seq]`` | matches any character in *seq* |
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+------------+------------------------------------+
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| ``[!seq]`` | matches any character not in *seq* |
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+------------+------------------------------------+
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.. index:: module: glob
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Note that the filename separator (``'/'`` on Unix) is *not* special to this
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module. See module :mod:`glob` for pathname expansion (:mod:`glob` uses
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:func:`fnmatch` to match pathname segments). Similarly, filenames starting with
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a period are not special for this module, and are matched by the ``*`` and ``?``
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patterns.
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.. function:: fnmatch(filename, pattern)
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Test whether the *filename* string matches the *pattern* string, returning
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:const:`True` or :const:`False`. If the operating system is case-insensitive,
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then both parameters will be normalized to all lower- or upper-case before
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the comparison is performed. :func:`fnmatchcase` can be used to perform a
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case-sensitive comparison, regardless of whether that's standard for the
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operating system.
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This example will print all file names in the current directory with the
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extension ``.txt``::
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import fnmatch
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import os
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for file in os.listdir('.'):
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if fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*.txt'):
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print file
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.. function:: fnmatchcase(filename, pattern)
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Test whether *filename* matches *pattern*, returning :const:`True` or
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:const:`False`; the comparison is case-sensitive.
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.. function:: filter(names, pattern)
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Return the subset of the list of *names* that match *pattern*. It is the same as
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``[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)]``, but implemented more efficiently.
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.. versionadded:: 2.2
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.. function:: translate(pattern)
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Return the shell-style *pattern* converted to a regular expression.
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Be aware there is no way to quote meta-characters.
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Example:
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>>> import fnmatch, re
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>>>
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>>> regex = fnmatch.translate('*.txt')
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>>> regex
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'.*\\.txt$'
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>>> reobj = re.compile(regex)
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>>> reobj.match('foobar.txt')
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<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x...>
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.. seealso::
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Module :mod:`glob`
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Unix shell-style path expansion.
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