mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2025-11-03 19:34:08 +00:00
55 lines
2 KiB
TeX
55 lines
2 KiB
TeX
\section{\module{fnmatch} ---
|
|
\UNIX{} filename pattern matching}
|
|
|
|
\declaremodule{standard}{fnmatch}
|
|
\modulesynopsis{\UNIX\ shell style filename pattern matching.}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\index{filenames!wildcard expansion}
|
|
|
|
This module provides support for \UNIX{} shell-style wildcards, which
|
|
are \emph{not} the same as regular expressions (which are documented
|
|
in the \refmodule{re}\refstmodindex{re} module). The special
|
|
characters used in shell-style wildcards are:
|
|
|
|
\begin{tableii}{c|l}{code}{Pattern}{Meaning}
|
|
\lineii{*}{matches everything}
|
|
\lineii{?}{matches any single character}
|
|
\lineii{[\var{seq}]}{matches any character in \var{seq}}
|
|
\lineii{[!\var{seq}]}{matches any character not in \var{seq}}
|
|
\end{tableii}
|
|
|
|
Note that the filename separator (\code{'/'} on \UNIX{}) is \emph{not}
|
|
special to this module. See module
|
|
\refmodule{glob}\refstmodindex{glob} for pathname expansion
|
|
(\refmodule{glob} uses \function{fnmatch()} to match pathname
|
|
segments). Similarly, filenames starting with a period are
|
|
not special for this module, and are matched by the \code{*} and
|
|
\code{?} patterns.
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{fnmatch}{filename, pattern}
|
|
Test whether the \var{filename} string matches the \var{pattern}
|
|
string, returning true or false. If the operating system is
|
|
case-insensitive, then both parameters will be normalized to all
|
|
lower- or upper-case before the comparison is performed. If you
|
|
require a case-sensitive comparison regardless of whether that's
|
|
standard for your operating system, use \function{fnmatchcase()}
|
|
instead.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{fnmatchcase}{filename, pattern}
|
|
Test whether \var{filename} matches \var{pattern}, returning true or
|
|
false; the comparison is case-sensitive.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{filter}{names, pattern}
|
|
Return the subset of the list of \var{names} that match \var{pattern}.
|
|
It is the same as \code{[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)]}, but
|
|
implemented more efficiently.
|
|
\versionadded{2.2}
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{seealso}
|
|
\seemodule{glob}{\UNIX{} shell-style path expansion.}
|
|
\end{seealso}
|