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415 lines
11 KiB
Python
415 lines
11 KiB
Python
# An FTP client class. Based on RFC 959: File Transfer Protocol
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# (FTP), by J. Postel and J. Reynolds
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# Changes and improvements suggested by Steve Majewski
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# Example:
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#
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# >>> from ftplib import FTP
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# >>> ftp = FTP('ftp.cwi.nl') # connect to host, default port
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# >>> ftp.login() # default, i.e.: user anonymous, passwd user@hostname
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# >>> ftp.retrlines('LIST') # list directory contents
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# total 43
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# d--x--x--x 2 root root 512 Jul 1 16:50 bin
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# d--x--x--x 2 root root 512 Sep 16 1991 etc
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# drwxr-xr-x 2 root ftp 10752 Sep 16 1991 lost+found
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# drwxr-srwt 15 root ftp 10240 Nov 5 20:43 pub
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# >>> ftp.quit()
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#
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# To download a file, use ftp.retrlines('RETR ' + filename),
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# or ftp.retrbinary() with slightly different arguments.
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# To upload a file, use ftp.storlines() or ftp.storbinary(), which have
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# an open file as argument.
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# The download/upload functions first issue appropriate TYPE and PORT
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# commands.
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import os
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import sys
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import string
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# Import SOCKS module if it exists, else standard socket module socket
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try:
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import SOCKS; socket = SOCKS
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except ImportError:
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import socket
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# Magic number from <socket.h>
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MSG_OOB = 0x1 # Process data out of band
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# The standard FTP server control port
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FTP_PORT = 21
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# Exception raised when an error or invalid response is received
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error_reply = 'ftplib.error_reply' # unexpected [123]xx reply
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error_temp = 'ftplib.error_temp' # 4xx errors
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error_perm = 'ftplib.error_perm' # 5xx errors
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error_proto = 'ftplib.error_proto' # response does not begin with [1-5]
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# All exceptions (hopefully) that may be raised here and that aren't
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# (always) programming errors on our side
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all_errors = (error_reply, error_temp, error_perm, error_proto, \
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socket.error, IOError)
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# Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, CR, LF)
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CRLF = '\r\n'
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# The class itself
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class FTP:
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# New initialization method (called by class instantiation)
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# Initialize host to localhost, port to standard ftp port
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# Optional arguments are host (for connect()),
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# and user, passwd, acct (for login())
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def __init__(self, host = '', user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
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# Initialize the instance to something mostly harmless
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self.debugging = 0
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self.host = ''
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self.port = FTP_PORT
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self.sock = None
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self.file = None
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self.welcome = None
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if host:
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self.connect(host)
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if user: self.login(user, passwd, acct)
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# Connect to host. Arguments:
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# - host: hostname to connect to (default previous host)
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# - port: port to connect to (default previous port)
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def connect(self, host = '', port = 0):
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if host: self.host = host
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if port: self.port = port
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self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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self.sock.connect(self.host, self.port)
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self.file = self.sock.makefile('r')
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self.welcome = self.getresp()
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# Get the welcome message from the server
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# (this is read and squirreled away by connect())
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def getwelcome(self):
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if self.debugging: print '*welcome*', `self.welcome`
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return self.welcome
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# Set the debugging level. Argument level means:
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# 0: no debugging output (default)
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# 1: print commands and responses but not body text etc.
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# 2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LF
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def set_debuglevel(self, level):
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self.debugging = level
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debug = set_debuglevel
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# Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF
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def putline(self, line):
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line = line + CRLF
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if self.debugging > 1: print '*put*', `line`
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self.sock.send(line)
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# Internal: send one command to the server (through putline())
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def putcmd(self, line):
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if self.debugging: print '*cmd*', `line`
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self.putline(line)
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# Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF.
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# Raise EOFError if the connection is closed
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def getline(self):
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line = self.file.readline()
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if self.debugging > 1:
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print '*get*', `line`
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if not line: raise EOFError
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if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2]
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elif line[-1:] in CRLF: line = line[:-1]
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return line
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# Internal: get a response from the server, which may possibly
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# consist of multiple lines. Return a single string with no
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# trailing CRLF. If the response consists of multiple lines,
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# these are separated by '\n' characters in the string
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def getmultiline(self):
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line = self.getline()
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if line[3:4] == '-':
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code = line[:3]
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while 1:
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nextline = self.getline()
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line = line + ('\n' + nextline)
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if nextline[:3] == code and \
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nextline[3:4] <> '-':
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break
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return line
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# Internal: get a response from the server.
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# Raise various errors if the response indicates an error
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def getresp(self):
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resp = self.getmultiline()
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if self.debugging: print '*resp*', `resp`
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self.lastresp = resp[:3]
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c = resp[:1]
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if c == '4':
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raise error_temp, resp
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if c == '5':
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raise error_perm, resp
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if c not in '123':
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raise error_proto, resp
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return resp
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# Expect a response beginning with '2'
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def voidresp(self):
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resp = self.getresp()
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if resp[0] <> '2':
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raise error_reply, resp
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# Abort a file transfer. Uses out-of-band data.
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# This does not follow the procedure from the RFC to send Telnet
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# IP and Synch; that doesn't seem to work with the servers I've
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# tried. Instead, just send the ABOR command as OOB data.
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def abort(self):
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line = 'ABOR' + CRLF
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if self.debugging > 1: print '*put urgent*', `line`
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self.sock.send(line, MSG_OOB)
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resp = self.getmultiline()
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if resp[:3] not in ('426', '226'):
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raise error_proto, resp
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# Send a command and return the response
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def sendcmd(self, cmd):
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self.putcmd(cmd)
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return self.getresp()
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# Send a command and expect a response beginning with '2'
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def voidcmd(self, cmd):
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self.putcmd(cmd)
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self.voidresp()
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# Send a PORT command with the current host and the given port number
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def sendport(self, port):
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hostname = socket.gethostname()
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hostaddr = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
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hbytes = string.splitfields(hostaddr, '.')
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pbytes = [`port/256`, `port%256`]
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bytes = hbytes + pbytes
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cmd = 'PORT ' + string.joinfields(bytes, ',')
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self.voidcmd(cmd)
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# Create a new socket and send a PORT command for it
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def makeport(self):
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global nextport
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sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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sock.listen(1)
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host, port = sock.getsockname()
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resp = self.sendport(port)
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return sock
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# Send a port command and a transfer command, accept the connection
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# and return the socket for the connection
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def transfercmd(self, cmd):
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sock = self.makeport()
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resp = self.sendcmd(cmd)
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if resp[0] <> '1':
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raise error_reply, resp
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conn, sockaddr = sock.accept()
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return conn
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# Login, default anonymous
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def login(self, user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
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if not user: user = 'anonymous'
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if user == 'anonymous' and passwd in ('', '-'):
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thishost = socket.gethostname()
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if os.environ.has_key('LOGNAME'):
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realuser = os.environ['LOGNAME']
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elif os.environ.has_key('USER'):
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realuser = os.environ['USER']
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else:
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realuser = 'anonymous'
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passwd = passwd + realuser + '@' + thishost
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resp = self.sendcmd('USER ' + user)
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if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd)
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if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct)
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if resp[0] <> '2':
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raise error_reply, resp
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# Retrieve data in binary mode.
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# The argument is a RETR command.
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# The callback function is called for each block.
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# This creates a new port for you
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def retrbinary(self, cmd, callback, blocksize):
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self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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data = conn.recv(blocksize)
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if not data:
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break
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callback(data)
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conn.close()
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self.voidresp()
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# Retrieve data in line mode.
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# The argument is a RETR or LIST command.
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# The callback function is called for each line, with trailing
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# CRLF stripped. This creates a new port for you.
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# print_lines is the default callback
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def retrlines(self, cmd, callback = None):
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if not callback: callback = print_line
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resp = self.sendcmd('TYPE A')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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fp = conn.makefile('r')
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while 1:
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line = fp.readline()
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if not line:
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break
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if line[-2:] == CRLF:
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line = line[:-2]
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elif line[:-1] == '\n':
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line = line[:-1]
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callback(line)
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fp.close()
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conn.close()
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self.voidresp()
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# Store a file in binary mode
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def storbinary(self, cmd, fp, blocksize):
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self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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buf = fp.read(blocksize)
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if not buf: break
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conn.send(buf)
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conn.close()
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self.voidresp()
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# Store a file in line mode
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def storlines(self, cmd, fp):
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self.voidcmd('TYPE A')
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conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
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while 1:
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buf = fp.readline()
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if not buf: break
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if buf[-2:] <> CRLF:
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if buf[-1] in CRLF: buf = buf[:-1]
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buf = buf + CRLF
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conn.send(buf)
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conn.close()
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self.voidresp()
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# Return a list of files in a given directory (default the current)
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def nlst(self, *args):
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cmd = 'NLST'
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for arg in args:
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cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
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files = []
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self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
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return files
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# List a directory in long form. By default list current directory
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# to stdout. Optional last argument is callback function;
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# all non-empty arguments before it are concatenated to the
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# LIST command. (This *should* only be used for a pathname.)
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def dir(self, *args):
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cmd = 'LIST'
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func = None
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if args[-1:] and type(args[-1]) != type(''):
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args, func = args[:-1], args[-1]
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for arg in args:
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if arg:
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cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
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self.retrlines(cmd, func)
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# Rename a file
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def rename(self, fromname, toname):
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resp = self.sendcmd('RNFR ' + fromname)
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if resp[0] <> '3':
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raise error_reply, resp
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self.voidcmd('RNTO ' + toname)
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# Change to a directory
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def cwd(self, dirname):
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if dirname == '..':
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try:
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self.voidcmd('CDUP')
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return
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except error_perm, msg:
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if msg[:3] != '500':
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raise error_perm, msg
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cmd = 'CWD ' + dirname
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self.voidcmd(cmd)
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# Retrieve the size of a file
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def size(self, filename):
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resp = self.sendcmd('SIZE ' + filename)
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if resp[:3] == '213':
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return string.atoi(string.strip(resp[3:]))
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# Make a directory, return its full pathname
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def mkd(self, dirname):
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resp = self.sendcmd('MKD ' + dirname)
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return parse257(resp)
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# Return current wording directory
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def pwd(self):
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resp = self.sendcmd('PWD')
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return parse257(resp)
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# Quit, and close the connection
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def quit(self):
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self.voidcmd('QUIT')
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self.close()
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# Close the connection without assuming anything about it
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def close(self):
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self.file.close()
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self.sock.close()
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del self.file, self.sock
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# Parse a response type 257
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def parse257(resp):
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if resp[:3] <> '257':
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raise error_reply, resp
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if resp[3:5] <> ' "':
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return '' # Not compliant to RFC 959, but UNIX ftpd does this
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dirname = ''
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i = 5
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n = len(resp)
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while i < n:
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c = resp[i]
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i = i+1
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if c == '"':
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if i >= n or resp[i] <> '"':
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break
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i = i+1
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dirname = dirname + c
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return dirname
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# Default retrlines callback to print a line
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def print_line(line):
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print line
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# Test program.
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# Usage: ftp [-d] host [-l[dir]] [-d[dir]] [file] ...
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def test():
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import marshal
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debugging = 0
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while sys.argv[1] == '-d':
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debugging = debugging+1
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del sys.argv[1]
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host = sys.argv[1]
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ftp = FTP(host)
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ftp.set_debuglevel(debugging)
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ftp.login()
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for file in sys.argv[2:]:
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if file[:2] == '-l':
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ftp.dir(file[2:])
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elif file[:2] == '-d':
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cmd = 'CWD'
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if file[2:]: cmd = cmd + ' ' + file[2:]
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resp = ftp.sendcmd(cmd)
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else:
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ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + file, \
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sys.stdout.write, 1024)
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ftp.quit()
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