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76 lines
2.9 KiB
Text
76 lines
2.9 KiB
Text
======================================
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How to customize the ``shell`` command
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======================================
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The Django :djadmin:`shell` is an interactive Python environment that provides
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access to models and settings, making it useful for testing code, experimenting
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with queries, and interacting with application data.
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Customizing the :djadmin:`shell` command allows adding extra functionality or
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pre-loading specific modules. To do this, create a new management command that
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subclasses ``django.core.management.commands.shell.Command`` and overrides the
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existing ``shell`` management command. For more details, refer to the guide on
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:ref:`overriding commands <overriding-commands>`.
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.. _customizing-shell-auto-imports:
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Customize automatic imports
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===========================
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.. versionadded:: 5.2
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To customize the automatic import behavior of the :djadmin:`shell` management
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command, override the ``get_auto_imports()`` method. This method should return
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a sequence of import paths for objects or modules available in the application.
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For example:
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.. code-block:: python
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:caption: ``polls/management/commands/shell.py``
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from django.core.management.commands import shell
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class Command(shell.Command):
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def get_auto_imports(self):
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return super().get_auto_imports() + [
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"django.urls.reverse",
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"django.urls.resolve",
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]
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The customization above adds :func:`~django.urls.resolve` and
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:func:`~django.urls.reverse` to the default namespace, which already includes
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all models from the apps listed in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` plus what is
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imported by default. These objects will be available in the ``shell`` without
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requiring a manual import.
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Running this customized ``shell`` command with ``verbosity=2`` would show:
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.. console::
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13 objects imported automatically:
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from django.db import connection, reset_queries, models
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from django.conf import settings
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from django.contrib.admin.models import LogEntry
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from django.contrib.auth.models import Group, Permission, User
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from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
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from django.contrib.sessions.models import Session
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from django.urls import resolve, reverse
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from django.utils import timezone
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.. versionchanged:: 6.0
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Automatic imports of common utilities, such as ``django.conf.settings``,
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were added.
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If an overridden ``shell`` command includes paths that cannot be imported,
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these errors are shown when ``verbosity`` is set to ``1`` or higher. Duplicate
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imports are automatically handled.
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Note that automatic imports can be disabled for a specific ``shell`` session
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using the :option:`--no-imports <shell --no-imports>` flag. To permanently
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disable automatic imports, override ``get_auto_imports()`` to return ``None``::
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class Command(shell.Command):
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def get_auto_imports(self):
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return None
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