[FastAPI] Update Annotated fixes (FAST002) (#15462)

## Summary

The initial purpose was to fix #15043, where code like this:
```python
from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/test")
def handler(echo: str = Query("")):
    return echo
```

was being fixed to the invalid code below:

```python
from typing import Annotated
from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/test")
def handler(echo: Annotated[str, Query("")]): # changed
    return echo
```

As @MichaReiser pointed out, the correct fix is:

```python
from typing import Annotated
from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/test")
def handler(echo: Annotated[str, Query()] = ""): # changed
    return echo 
```

After fixing the issue for `Query`, I realized that other classes like
`Path`, `Body`, `Cookie`, `Header`, `File`, and `Form` also looked
susceptible to this issue. The last few commits should handle these too,
which I think means this will also close #12913.

I had to reorder the arguments to the `do_stuff` test case because the
new fix removes some default argument values (eg for `Path`:
`some_path_param: str = Path()` becomes `some_path_param: Annotated[str,
Path()]`).

There's also #14484 related to this rule. I'm happy to take a stab at
that here or in a follow up PR too.

## Test Plan

`cargo test`

I also checked the fixed output with `uv run --with fastapi
FAST002_0.py`, but it required making a bunch of additional changes to
the test file that I wasn't sure we wanted in this PR.

---------

Co-authored-by: Micha Reiser <micha@reiser.io>

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/fastapi/FAST002_0.py

@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ def get_items(
 
 @app.post("/stuff/")
 def do_stuff(
-    some_query_param: str | None = Query(default=None),
     some_path_param: str = Path(),
-    some_body_param: str = Body("foo"),
     some_cookie_param: str = Cookie(),
-    some_header_param: int = Header(default=5),
     some_file_param: UploadFile = File(),
     some_form_param: str = Form(),
+    some_query_param: str | None = Query(default=None),
+    some_body_param: str = Body("foo"),
+    some_header_param: int = Header(default=5),
 ):
     # do stuff
     pass

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/fastapi/FAST002_1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+"""Test that FAST002 doesn't suggest invalid Annotated fixes with default
+values. See #15043 for more details."""
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/test")
+def handler(echo: str = Query("")):
+    return echo
+
+
+@app.get("/test")
+def handler2(echo: str = Query(default="")):
+    return echo
+
+
+@app.get("/test")
+def handler3(echo: str = Query("123", min_length=3, max_length=50)):
+    return echo