Respect logged and re-raised expressions in nested statements (#11301)

## Summary

Historically, we only ignored `flake8-blind-except` if you re-raised or
logged the exception as a _direct_ child statement; but it could be
nested somewhere. This was just a known limitation at the time of adding
the previous logic.

Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/11289.

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_blind_except/BLE.py

@@ -129,3 +129,12 @@ try:
     ...
 except Exception as e:
     raise ValueError from e
+
+
+try:
+    pass
+except Exception:
+    if True:
+        exception("An error occurred")
+    else:
+        exception("An error occurred")

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_blind_except/rules/blind_except.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
 use ruff_python_ast::helpers::is_const_true;
+use ruff_python_ast::statement_visitor::{walk_stmt, StatementVisitor};
 use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, Expr, Stmt};
 use ruff_python_semantic::analyze::logging;
+use ruff_python_semantic::SemanticModel;
 use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
 
 use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
@@ -87,87 +89,18 @@ pub(crate) fn blind_except(
     if !matches!(builtin_exception_type, "BaseException" | "Exception") {
         return;
     }
+
     // If the exception is re-raised, don't flag an error.
-    if body.iter().any(|stmt| {
-        if let Stmt::Raise(ast::StmtRaise { exc, cause, .. }) = stmt {
-            if let Some(cause) = cause {
-                if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = cause.as_ref() {
-                    name.is_some_and(|name| id == name)
-                } else {
-                    false
-                }
-            } else {
-                if let Some(exc) = exc {
-                    if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = exc.as_ref() {
-                        name.is_some_and(|name| id == name)
-                    } else {
-                        false
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    true
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            false
-        }
-    }) {
+    let mut visitor = ReraiseVisitor::new(name);
+    visitor.visit_body(body);
+    if visitor.seen() {
         return;
     }
 
     // If the exception is logged, don't flag an error.
-    if body.iter().any(|stmt| {
-        if let Stmt::Expr(ast::StmtExpr { value, range: _ }) = stmt {
-            if let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall {
-                func, arguments, ..
-            }) = value.as_ref()
-            {
-                match func.as_ref() {
-                    Expr::Attribute(ast::ExprAttribute { attr, .. }) => {
-                        if logging::is_logger_candidate(
-                            func,
-                            semantic,
-                            &checker.settings.logger_objects,
-                        ) {
-                            match attr.as_str() {
-                                "exception" => return true,
-                                "error" => {
-                                    if let Some(keyword) = arguments.find_keyword("exc_info") {
-                                        if is_const_true(&keyword.value) {
-                                            return true;
-                                        }
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                _ => {}
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { .. }) => {
-                        if semantic
-                            .resolve_qualified_name(func)
-                            .is_some_and(|qualified_name| match qualified_name.segments() {
-                                ["logging", "exception"] => true,
-                                ["logging", "error"] => {
-                                    if let Some(keyword) = arguments.find_keyword("exc_info") {
-                                        if is_const_true(&keyword.value) {
-                                            return true;
-                                        }
-                                    }
-                                    false
-                                }
-                                _ => false,
-                            })
-                        {
-                            return true;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    _ => {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        false
-    }) {
+    let mut visitor = LogExceptionVisitor::new(semantic, &checker.settings.logger_objects);
+    visitor.visit_body(body);
+    if visitor.seen() {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -178,3 +111,121 @@ pub(crate) fn blind_except(
         type_.range(),
     ));
 }
+
+/// A visitor to detect whether the exception with the given name was re-raised.
+struct ReraiseVisitor<'a> {
+    name: Option<&'a str>,
+    seen: bool,
+}
+
+impl<'a> ReraiseVisitor<'a> {
+    /// Create a new [`ReraiseVisitor`] with the given exception name.
+    fn new(name: Option<&'a str>) -> Self {
+        Self { name, seen: false }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the exception was re-raised.
+    fn seen(&self) -> bool {
+        self.seen
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> StatementVisitor<'a> for ReraiseVisitor<'a> {
+    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
+        match stmt {
+            Stmt::Raise(ast::StmtRaise { exc, cause, .. }) => {
+                if let Some(cause) = cause {
+                    if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = cause.as_ref() {
+                        if self.name.is_some_and(|name| id == name) {
+                            self.seen = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if let Some(exc) = exc {
+                        if let Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { id, .. }) = exc.as_ref() {
+                            if self.name.is_some_and(|name| id == name) {
+                                self.seen = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        self.seen = true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Stmt::Try(_) | Stmt::FunctionDef(_) | Stmt::ClassDef(_) => {}
+            _ => walk_stmt(self, stmt),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A visitor to detect whether the exception was logged.
+struct LogExceptionVisitor<'a> {
+    semantic: &'a SemanticModel<'a>,
+    logger_objects: &'a [String],
+    seen: bool,
+}
+
+impl<'a> LogExceptionVisitor<'a> {
+    /// Create a new [`LogExceptionVisitor`] with the given exception name.
+    fn new(semantic: &'a SemanticModel<'a>, logger_objects: &'a [String]) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            semantic,
+            logger_objects,
+            seen: false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the exception was logged.
+    fn seen(&self) -> bool {
+        self.seen
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> StatementVisitor<'a> for LogExceptionVisitor<'a> {
+    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
+        match stmt {
+            Stmt::Expr(ast::StmtExpr { value, .. }) => {
+                if let Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall {
+                    func, arguments, ..
+                }) = value.as_ref()
+                {
+                    match func.as_ref() {
+                        Expr::Attribute(ast::ExprAttribute { attr, .. }) => {
+                            if logging::is_logger_candidate(
+                                func,
+                                self.semantic,
+                                self.logger_objects,
+                            ) {
+                                if match attr.as_str() {
+                                    "exception" => true,
+                                    "error" => arguments
+                                        .find_keyword("exc_info")
+                                        .is_some_and(|keyword| is_const_true(&keyword.value)),
+                                    _ => false,
+                                } {
+                                    self.seen = true;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Expr::Name(ast::ExprName { .. }) => {
+                            if self.semantic.resolve_qualified_name(func).is_some_and(
+                                |qualified_name| match qualified_name.segments() {
+                                    ["logging", "exception"] => true,
+                                    ["logging", "error"] => arguments
+                                        .find_keyword("exc_info")
+                                        .is_some_and(|keyword| is_const_true(&keyword.value)),
+                                    _ => false,
+                                },
+                            ) {
+                                self.seen = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Stmt::Try(_) | Stmt::FunctionDef(_) | Stmt::ClassDef(_) => {}
+            _ => walk_stmt(self, stmt),
+        }
+    }
+}

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/tryceratops/rules/verbose_raise.rs

@@ -49,29 +49,6 @@ impl AlwaysFixableViolation for VerboseRaise {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-struct RaiseStatementVisitor<'a> {
-    raises: Vec<&'a ast::StmtRaise>,
-}
-
-impl<'a> StatementVisitor<'a> for RaiseStatementVisitor<'a> {
-    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
-        match stmt {
-            Stmt::Raise(raise @ ast::StmtRaise { .. }) => {
-                self.raises.push(raise);
-            }
-            Stmt::Try(ast::StmtTry {
-                body, finalbody, ..
-            }) => {
-                for stmt in body.iter().chain(finalbody.iter()) {
-                    walk_stmt(self, stmt);
-                }
-            }
-            _ => walk_stmt(self, stmt),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// TRY201
 pub(crate) fn verbose_raise(checker: &mut Checker, handlers: &[ExceptHandler]) {
     for handler in handlers {
@@ -108,3 +85,26 @@ pub(crate) fn verbose_raise(checker: &mut Checker, handlers: &[ExceptHandler]) {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct RaiseStatementVisitor<'a> {
+    raises: Vec<&'a ast::StmtRaise>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> StatementVisitor<'a> for RaiseStatementVisitor<'a> {
+    fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'a Stmt) {
+        match stmt {
+            Stmt::Raise(raise @ ast::StmtRaise { .. }) => {
+                self.raises.push(raise);
+            }
+            Stmt::Try(ast::StmtTry {
+                body, finalbody, ..
+            }) => {
+                for stmt in body.iter().chain(finalbody.iter()) {
+                    walk_stmt(self, stmt);
+                }
+            }
+            _ => walk_stmt(self, stmt),
+        }
+    }
+}