[red-knot] Add 'Format document' to playground (#17217)

## Summary
This is more "because we can" than something we need. 

But since we're already building an "almost IDE" 

## Test Plan



https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3a4bdad1-ba32-455a-9909-cfeb8caa1b28

crates/ruff_python_formatter/Cargo.toml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ doctest = false
 
 [dependencies]
 ruff_cache = { workspace = true }
+ruff_db = { workspace = true }
 ruff_formatter = { workspace = true }
 ruff_macros = { workspace = true }
 ruff_python_trivia = { workspace = true }
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ itertools = { workspace = true }
 memchr = { workspace = true }
 regex = { workspace = true }
 rustc-hash = { workspace = true }
+salsa = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 schemars = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 smallvec = { workspace = true }
@@ -58,7 +60,12 @@ required-features = ["serde"]
 
 [features]
 default = ["serde"]
-serde = ["dep:serde", "ruff_formatter/serde", "ruff_source_file/serde", "ruff_python_ast/serde"]
+serde = [
+    "dep:serde",
+    "ruff_formatter/serde",
+    "ruff_source_file/serde",
+    "ruff_python_ast/serde",
+]
 schemars = ["dep:schemars", "ruff_formatter/schemars"]
 
 [lints]

crates/ruff_python_formatter/src/db.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+use ruff_db::{files::File, Db as SourceDb, Upcast};
+
+use crate::PyFormatOptions;
+
+#[salsa::db]
+pub trait Db: SourceDb + Upcast<dyn SourceDb> {
+    /// Returns the formatting options
+    fn format_options(&self, file: File) -> PyFormatOptions;
+}

crates/ruff_python_formatter/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+use ruff_db::files::File;
+use ruff_db::parsed::parsed_module;
+use ruff_db::source::source_text;
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tracing::Level;
 
@@ -13,6 +16,7 @@ use crate::comments::{
     has_skip_comment, leading_comments, trailing_comments, Comments, SourceComment,
 };
 pub use crate::context::PyFormatContext;
+pub use crate::db::Db;
 pub use crate::options::{
     DocstringCode, DocstringCodeLineWidth, MagicTrailingComma, PreviewMode, PyFormatOptions,
     QuoteStyle,
@@ -25,6 +29,7 @@ pub(crate) mod builders;
 pub mod cli;
 mod comments;
 pub(crate) mod context;
+mod db;
 pub(crate) mod expression;
 mod generated;
 pub(crate) mod module;
@@ -96,7 +101,7 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+#[derive(Error, Debug, salsa::Update, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum FormatModuleError {
     #[error(transparent)]
     ParseError(#[from] ParseError),
@@ -124,6 +129,19 @@ pub fn format_module_ast<'a>(
     source: &'a str,
     options: PyFormatOptions,
 ) -> FormatResult<Formatted<PyFormatContext<'a>>> {
+    format_node(parsed, comment_ranges, source, options)
+}
+
+fn format_node<'a, N>(
+    parsed: &'a Parsed<N>,
+    comment_ranges: &'a CommentRanges,
+    source: &'a str,
+    options: PyFormatOptions,
+) -> FormatResult<Formatted<PyFormatContext<'a>>>
+where
+    N: AsFormat<PyFormatContext<'a>>,
+    &'a N: Into<AnyNodeRef<'a>>,
+{
     let source_code = SourceCode::new(source);
     let comments = Comments::from_ast(parsed.syntax(), source_code, comment_ranges);
 
@@ -138,6 +156,28 @@ pub fn format_module_ast<'a>(
     Ok(formatted)
 }
 
+pub fn formatted_file(db: &dyn Db, file: File) -> Result<Option<String>, FormatModuleError> {
+    let options = db.format_options(file);
+
+    let parsed = parsed_module(db.upcast(), file);
+
+    if let Some(first) = parsed.errors().first() {
+        return Err(FormatModuleError::ParseError(first.clone()));
+    }
+
+    let comment_ranges = CommentRanges::from(parsed.tokens());
+    let source = source_text(db.upcast(), file);
+
+    let formatted = format_node(parsed, &comment_ranges, &source, options)?;
+    let printed = formatted.print()?;
+
+    if printed.as_code() == &*source {
+        Ok(None)
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(printed.into_code()))
+    }
+}
+
 /// Public function for generating a printable string of the debug comments.
 pub fn pretty_comments(module: &Mod, comment_ranges: &CommentRanges, source: &str) -> String {
     let source_code = SourceCode::new(source);