diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index bb39453709..094cd15605 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2012,6 +2012,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustc-hash",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "shellexpand",
  "similar",
  "strum",
  "textwrap",
diff --git a/crates/ruff_cli/Cargo.toml b/crates/ruff_cli/Cargo.toml
index 6ac3e3bfa2..81e4bb290b 100644
--- a/crates/ruff_cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/ruff_cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ regex = { workspace = true }
 rustc-hash = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
+shellexpand = { version = "3.0.0" }
 similar = { version = "2.2.1" }
 strum = { version = "0.24.1" }
 textwrap = { version = "0.16.0" }
diff --git a/crates/ruff_cli/src/resolve.rs b/crates/ruff_cli/src/resolve.rs
index c52166c6a5..40d3d809ca 100644
--- a/crates/ruff_cli/src/resolve.rs
+++ b/crates/ruff_cli/src/resolve.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 use path_absolutize::path_dedot;
+
 use ruff::resolver::{
     resolve_settings_with_processor, ConfigProcessor, PyprojectDiscovery, Relativity,
 };
@@ -29,8 +30,12 @@ pub fn resolve(
     // Second priority: the user specified a `pyproject.toml` file. Use that
     // `pyproject.toml` for _all_ configuration, and resolve paths relative to the
     // current working directory. (This matches ESLint's behavior.)
-    if let Some(pyproject) = config {
-        let settings = resolve_settings_with_processor(pyproject, &Relativity::Cwd, overrides)?;
+    if let Some(pyproject) = config
+        .map(|config| config.display().to_string())
+        .map(|config| shellexpand::full(&config).map(|config| PathBuf::from(config.as_ref())))
+        .transpose()?
+    {
+        let settings = resolve_settings_with_processor(&pyproject, &Relativity::Cwd, overrides)?;
         return Ok(PyprojectDiscovery::Fixed(settings));
     }