[perflint] Improve docs for try-except-in-loop (PERF203) (#12947)

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/perflint/rules/try_except_in_loop.rs

@@ -15,21 +15,29 @@ use crate::settings::types::PythonVersion;
 /// Exception handling via `try`-`except` blocks incurs some performance
 /// overhead, regardless of whether an exception is raised.
 ///
-/// When possible, refactor your code to put the entire loop into the
-/// `try`-`except` block, rather than wrapping each iteration in a separate
-/// `try`-`except` block.
+/// To optimize your code, two techniques are possible:
+/// 1. Refactor your code to put the entire loop into the `try`-`except` block,
+///    rather than wrapping each iteration in a separate `try`-`except` block.
+/// 2. Use "Look Before You Leap" idioms that attempt to avoid exceptions
+///    being raised in the first place, avoiding the need to use `try`-`except`
+///    blocks in the first place.
 ///
 /// This rule is only enforced for Python versions prior to 3.11, which
-/// introduced "zero cost" exception handling.
+/// introduced "zero-cost" exception handling. However, note that even on
+/// Python 3.11 and newer, refactoring your code to avoid exception handling in
+/// tight loops can provide a significant speedup in some cases, as zero-cost
+/// exception handling is only zero-cost in the "happy path" where no exception
+/// is raised in the `try`-`except` block.
 ///
-/// Note that, as with all `perflint` rules, this is only intended as a
-/// micro-optimization, and will have a negligible impact on performance in
-/// most cases.
+/// As with all `perflint` rules, this is only intended as a
+/// micro-optimization. In many cases, it will have a negligible impact on
+/// performance.
 ///
 /// ## Example
 /// ```python
 /// string_numbers: list[str] = ["1", "2", "three", "4", "5"]
 ///
+/// # `try`/`except` that could be moved out of the loop:
 /// int_numbers: list[int] = []
 /// for num in string_numbers:
 ///     try:
@@ -37,6 +45,16 @@ use crate::settings::types::PythonVersion;
 ///     except ValueError as e:
 ///         print(f"Couldn't convert to integer: {e}")
 ///         break
+///
+/// # `try`/`except` used when "look before you leap" idioms could be used:
+/// number_names: dict[int, str] = {1: "one", 3: "three", 4: "four"}
+/// for number in range(5):
+///     try:
+///         name = number_names[number]
+///     except KeyError:
+///         continue
+///     else:
+///         print(f"The name of {number} is {name}")
 /// ```
 ///
 /// Use instead:
@@ -49,6 +67,12 @@ use crate::settings::types::PythonVersion;
 ///         int_numbers.append(int(num))
 /// except ValueError as e:
 ///     print(f"Couldn't convert to integer: {e}")
+///
+/// number_names: dict[int, str] = {1: "one", 3: "three", 4: "four"}
+/// for number in range(5):
+///     name = number_names.get(number)
+///     if name is not None:
+///         print(f"The name of {number} is {name}")
 /// ```
 ///
 /// ## Options