Initial windows support (#940)

## Summary

First batch of changes for windows support. Notable changes:

* Fixes all compile errors and added windows specific paths.
* Working venv creation on windows, both from a base interpreter and
from a venv. This requires querying `stdlib` from the sysconfig paths to
find the launcher.
* Basic url/path conversion handling for windows.
* `if cfg!(...)` instead of `#[cfg()]`. This should make it easier to
keep everything compiling across platforms.

## Outlook

Test summary: 402 tests run: 299 passed (15 slow), 103 failed, 1 skipped

There are various reason for the remaining test failure:
* Windows-specific colorama and tzdata dependencies that change the
snapshot slightly. This is by far the biggest batch.
* Some url-path handling issues. I fixed some in the PR, some remain.
* Lack of the latest python patch versions for older pythons on my
machine, since there are no builds for windows and we need to register
them in the registry for them to be picked up for `py --list-paths` (CC
@zanieb RE #1070).
* Lack of entrypoint launchers.
* ... likely more

crates/pep508-rs/src/lib.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #![deny(missing_docs)]
 
+use std::borrow::Cow;
 #[cfg(feature = "pyo3")]
 use std::collections::hash_map::DefaultHasher;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
@@ -714,10 +715,32 @@ fn parse_url(cursor: &mut Cursor, working_dir: Option<&Path>) -> Result<Verbatim
         });
     }
 
-    // Create a `VerbatimUrl` to represent the requirement.
+    let url = preprocess_url(url, working_dir, cursor, start, len)?;
+
+    Ok(url)
+}
+
+/// Create a `VerbatimUrl` to represent the requirement.
+fn preprocess_url(
+    url: &str,
+    working_dir: Option<&Path>,
+    cursor: &Cursor,
+    start: usize,
+    len: usize,
+) -> Result<VerbatimUrl, Pep508Error> {
     let url = if let Some((scheme, path)) = split_scheme(url) {
         if scheme == "file" {
             if let Some(path) = path.strip_prefix("//") {
+                let path = if cfg!(windows) {
+                    // Transform `/C:/Users/ferris/wheel-0.42.0.tar.gz` to `C:\Users\ferris\wheel-0.42.0.tar.gz`
+                    Cow::Owned(
+                        path.strip_prefix('/')
+                            .unwrap_or(path)
+                            .replace('/', std::path::MAIN_SEPARATOR_STR),
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    Cow::Borrowed(path)
+                };
                 // Ex) `file:///home/ferris/project/scripts/...`
                 if let Some(working_dir) = working_dir {
                     VerbatimUrl::from_path(path, working_dir).with_given(url.to_string())
@@ -770,7 +793,6 @@ fn parse_url(cursor: &mut Cursor, working_dir: Option<&Path>) -> Result<Verbatim
                 .with_given(url.to_string())
         }
     };
-
     Ok(url)
 }
 
@@ -1004,6 +1026,24 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(Requirement::from_str(input).unwrap_err().to_string(), error);
     }
 
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn test_preprocess_url_windows() {
+        use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+        let actual = crate::preprocess_url(
+            "file:///C:/Users/ferris/wheel-0.42.0.tar.gz",
+            None,
+            &Cursor::new(""),
+            0,
+            0,
+        )
+        .unwrap()
+        .to_file_path();
+        let expected = PathBuf::from(r"C:\Users\ferris\wheel-0.42.0.tar.gz");
+        assert_eq!(actual, Ok(expected));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn error_empty() {
         assert_err(

crates/pep508-rs/src/marker.rs

@@ -731,9 +731,9 @@ impl MarkerExpression {
     /// # use std::str::FromStr;
     /// # use pep508_rs::{MarkerTree, Pep508Error};
     /// # use pep440_rs::Version;
+    /// # use puffin_normalize::ExtraName;
     ///
     /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Pep508Error> {
-    /// use puffin_normalize::ExtraName;
     /// let marker_tree = MarkerTree::from_str(r#"("linux" in sys_platform) and extra == 'day'"#)?;
     /// let versions: Vec<Version> = (8..12).map(|minor| Version::new([3, minor])).collect();
     /// assert!(marker_tree.evaluate_extras_and_python_version(&[ExtraName::from_str("day").unwrap()].into(), &versions));