Respect release-only semantics of python_full_version when constructing markers (#6171)

## Summary

In the resolver, we use release-only semantics to normalize
`python_full_version`. So, if we see `python_full_version < '3.13'`, we
treat that as `(Unbounded, Exclude(3.13))`. `3.13b0` evaluates as `true`
to that range, so we were accepting pre-releases for these markers.

Instead, we need to exclude pre-release segments when performing these
evaluations.

Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6169.

## Test Plan

Hard to write a test for this because you need a pre-release Python
locally... so:

`echo "sqlalchemy==2.0.32" | cargo run pip compile - --python 3.13 -n`

crates/pep508-rs/src/marker/tree.rs

@@ -380,6 +380,15 @@ pub struct StringVersion {
     pub version: Version,
 }
 
+impl From<Version> for StringVersion {
+    fn from(version: Version) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            string: version.to_string(),
+            version,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl FromStr for StringVersion {
     type Err = VersionParseError;
 

crates/uv-dispatch/src/lib.rs

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ impl<'a> BuildContext for BuildDispatch<'a> {
                 .index_strategy(self.index_strategy)
                 .build(),
             &python_requirement,
-            ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment(markers.clone()),
+            ResolverMarkers::specific_environment(markers.clone()),
             Some(tags),
             self.flat_index,
             self.index,

crates/uv-resolver/src/resolver/resolver_markers.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use std::fmt::{Display, Formatter};
+use tracing::debug;
 
 use pep508_rs::{MarkerEnvironment, MarkerTree};
 
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ use pep508_rs::{MarkerEnvironment, MarkerTree};
 /// Whether we're solving for a specific environment, universally or for a specific fork.
 pub enum ResolverMarkers {
     /// We're solving for this specific environment only.
-    SpecificEnvironment(MarkerEnvironment),
+    SpecificEnvironment(ResolverMarkerEnvironment),
     /// We're doing a universal resolution for all environments (a python version
     /// constraint is expressed separately).
     Universal {
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ pub enum ResolverMarkers {
 impl ResolverMarkers {
     /// Set the resolver to perform a resolution for a specific environment.
     pub fn specific_environment(markers: MarkerEnvironment) -> Self {
-        Self::SpecificEnvironment(markers)
+        Self::SpecificEnvironment(ResolverMarkerEnvironment::from(markers))
     }
 
     /// Set the resolver to perform a universal resolution.
@@ -70,3 +71,46 @@ impl Display for ResolverMarkers {
         }
     }
 }
+
+/// A wrapper type around [`MarkerEnvironment`] that ensures the Python version markers are
+/// release-only, to match the resolver's semantics.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ResolverMarkerEnvironment(MarkerEnvironment);
+
+impl From<MarkerEnvironment> for ResolverMarkerEnvironment {
+    fn from(value: MarkerEnvironment) -> Self {
+        // Strip `python_version`.
+        let python_version = value.python_version().only_release();
+        let value = if python_version == **value.python_version() {
+            value
+        } else {
+            debug!(
+                "Stripping pre-release from `python_version`: {}",
+                value.python_version()
+            );
+            value.with_python_version(python_version)
+        };
+
+        // Strip `python_full_version`.
+        let python_full_version = value.python_full_version().only_release();
+        let value = if python_full_version == **value.python_full_version() {
+            value
+        } else {
+            debug!(
+                "Stripping pre-release from `python_full_version`: {}",
+                value.python_full_version()
+            );
+            value.with_python_full_version(python_full_version)
+        };
+
+        Self(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::ops::Deref for ResolverMarkerEnvironment {
+    type Target = MarkerEnvironment;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}

crates/uv/src/commands/pip/compile.rs

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_compile(
             resolution_environment(python_version, python_platform, &interpreter)?;
         (
             Some(tags),
-            ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment((*markers).clone()),
+            ResolverMarkers::specific_environment((*markers).clone()),
         )
     };
 

crates/uv/src/commands/pip/install.rs

@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_install(
         &reinstall,
         &upgrade,
         Some(&tags),
-        ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment((*markers).clone()),
+        ResolverMarkers::specific_environment((*markers).clone()),
         python_requirement,
         &client,
         &flat_index,

crates/uv/src/commands/pip/sync.rs

@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_sync(
         &reinstall,
         &upgrade,
         Some(&tags),
-        ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment((*markers).clone()),
+        ResolverMarkers::specific_environment((*markers).clone()),
         python_requirement,
         &client,
         &flat_index,

crates/uv/src/commands/project/mod.rs

@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn resolve_environment<'a>(
         &reinstall,
         &upgrade,
         Some(tags),
-        ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment(markers.clone()),
+        ResolverMarkers::specific_environment(markers.clone()),
         python_requirement,
         &client,
         &flat_index,
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn update_environment(
         reinstall,
         upgrade,
         Some(tags),
-        ResolverMarkers::SpecificEnvironment(markers.clone()),
+        ResolverMarkers::specific_environment(markers.clone()),
         python_requirement,
         &client,
         &flat_index,