diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 18ed30b45..aaf2ab288 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1720,6 +1720,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "install-wheel-rs",
  "puffin-client",
  "puffin-interpreter",
+ "puffin-package",
  "rayon",
  "tempfile",
  "tokio",
diff --git a/crates/puffin-installer/Cargo.toml b/crates/puffin-installer/Cargo.toml
index 9de4afe01..ae639f1d6 100644
--- a/crates/puffin-installer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/puffin-installer/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ license.workspace = true
 install-wheel-rs = { path = "../install-wheel-rs", default-features = false }
 puffin-client = { path = "../puffin-client" }
 puffin-interpreter = { path = "../puffin-interpreter" }
+puffin-package = { path = "../puffin-package" }
 wheel-filename = { path = "../wheel-filename" }
 
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/crates/puffin-installer/src/lib.rs b/crates/puffin-installer/src/lib.rs
index 5f06d8fcc..12cd6c8d6 100644
--- a/crates/puffin-installer/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/puffin-installer/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,12 +14,15 @@ use zip::ZipArchive;
 use install_wheel_rs::{unpacked, InstallLocation};
 use puffin_client::{File, PypiClient};
 use puffin_interpreter::PythonExecutable;
+use puffin_package::package_name::PackageName;
 use wheel_filename::WheelFilename;
 
 use crate::vendor::CloneableSeekableReader;
 
 mod vendor;
 
+static WHEEL_CACHE: &str = "wheels-v0";
+
 /// Install a set of wheels into a Python virtual environment.
 pub async fn install(
     wheels: &[File],
@@ -27,23 +30,26 @@ pub async fn install(
     client: &PypiClient,
     cache: Option<&Path>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
+    // Create the cache subdirectory, if necessary.
+    if let Some(cache) = cache {
+        tokio::fs::create_dir_all(cache.join(WHEEL_CACHE)).await?;
+    }
+
     // Phase 1: Fetch the wheels in parallel.
     debug!("Phase 1: Fetching wheels");
     let mut fetches = JoinSet::new();
     let mut downloads = Vec::with_capacity(wheels.len());
     for wheel in wheels {
-        let sha256 = wheel.hashes.sha256.clone();
-        let filename = wheel.filename.clone();
-
         // If the unzipped wheel exists in the cache, skip it.
+        let key = cache_key(wheel)?;
         if let Some(cache) = cache {
-            if cache.join(&sha256).exists() {
-                debug!("Found wheel in cache: {:?}", filename);
+            if cache.join(WHEEL_CACHE).join(&key).exists() {
+                debug!("Found wheel in cache: {:?}", wheel.filename);
                 continue;
             }
         }
 
-        debug!("Fetching wheel: {:?}", filename);
+        debug!("Fetching wheel: {:?}", wheel.filename);
 
         fetches.spawn(fetch_wheel(
             wheel.clone(),
@@ -60,14 +66,14 @@ pub async fn install(
     // Phase 2: Unpack the wheels into the cache.
     debug!("Phase 2: Unpacking wheels");
     for wheel in downloads {
-        let sha256 = wheel.file.hashes.sha256.clone();
         let filename = wheel.file.filename.clone();
+        let key = cache_key(&wheel.file)?;
 
         debug!("Unpacking wheel: {:?}", filename);
 
         // Unzip the wheel.
         tokio::task::spawn_blocking({
-            let target = temp_dir.path().join(&sha256);
+            let target = temp_dir.path().join(&key);
             move || unzip_wheel(wheel, &target)
         })
         .await??;
@@ -75,7 +81,11 @@ pub async fn install(
         // Write the unzipped wheel to the cache (atomically).
         if let Some(cache) = cache {
             debug!("Caching wheel: {:?}", filename);
-            tokio::fs::rename(temp_dir.path().join(&sha256), cache.join(&sha256)).await?;
+            tokio::fs::rename(
+                temp_dir.path().join(&key),
+                cache.join(WHEEL_CACHE).join(&key),
+            )
+            .await?;
         }
     }
 
@@ -88,18 +98,33 @@ pub async fn install(
     let locked_dir = location.acquire_lock()?;
 
     for wheel in wheels {
-        let dir = cache
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| temp_dir.path())
-            .join(&wheel.hashes.sha256);
-        let filename = WheelFilename::from_str(&wheel.filename)?;
+        let key = cache_key(wheel)?;
+        let dir = cache.map_or_else(
+            || temp_dir.path().join(&key),
+            |cache| cache.join(WHEEL_CACHE).join(&key),
+        );
+
+        let wheel_filename = WheelFilename::from_str(&wheel.filename)?;
 
         // TODO(charlie): Should this be async?
-        unpacked::install_wheel(&locked_dir, &dir, &filename)?;
+        unpacked::install_wheel(&locked_dir, &dir, &wheel_filename)?;
     }
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Return the cache key for an unzipped wheel. The cache key should be equivalent to the
+/// `.dist-info` directory name, i.e., `<name>-<version>.dist-info`, where `name` is the
+/// normalized package name.
+fn cache_key(wheel: &File) -> Result<String> {
+    let filename = WheelFilename::from_str(&wheel.filename)?;
+    Ok(format!(
+        "{}-{}",
+        PackageName::normalize(filename.distribution),
+        filename.version
+    ))
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct FetchedWheel {
     file: File,