Don't warn when dependency is constraint by other dependency (#16149)

Currently, `uv lock --resolution lowest-direct` warns above the setup
below, as we visit the unbounded `anyio[trio]` first.

```toml
[project]
name = "project"
version = "0.1.0"
requires-python = ">=3.12"
dependencies = [
    "anyio[trio]",
    "anyio>=4"
]
```

crates/uv-resolver/src/resolver/mod.rs

@@ -2938,15 +2938,33 @@ impl ForkState {
                     resolution_strategy,
                     ResolutionStrategy::Lowest | ResolutionStrategy::LowestDirect(..)
                 );
+
                 if !has_url && missing_lower_bound && strategy_lowest {
+                    let name = package.name_no_root().unwrap();
+                    // Handle cases where a package is listed both without and with a lower bound.
+                    // Example:
+                    // ```
+                    // "coverage[toml] ; python_version < '3.11'",
+                    // "coverage >= 7.10.0",
+                    // ```
+                    let bound_on_other_package = dependencies.iter().any(|other| {
+                        Some(name) == other.package.name()
+                            && !other
+                                .version
+                                .bounding_range()
+                                .map(|(lowest, _highest)| lowest == Bound::Unbounded)
+                                .unwrap_or(true)
+                    });
+
+                    if !bound_on_other_package {
                         warn_user_once!(
                             "The direct dependency `{name}` is unpinned. \
                             Consider setting a lower bound when using `--resolution lowest` \
                             or `--resolution lowest-direct` to avoid using outdated versions.",
-                        name = package.name_no_root().unwrap(),
                         );
                     }
                 }
+            }
 
             // Update the package priorities.
             self.priorities.insert(package, version, &self.fork_urls);

crates/uv/tests/it/lock.rs

@@ -31969,3 +31969,34 @@ fn collapsed_error_with_marker_packages() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+/// <https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/16148>
+#[test]
+fn no_warning_without_and_with_lower_bound() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = TestContext::new("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(
+        r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = [
+            "anyio[trio]",
+            "anyio>=4"
+        ]
+        "#,
+    )?;
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.lock().arg("--resolution").arg("lowest-direct"), @r"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 10 packages in [TIME]
+    ");
+
+    Ok(())
+}