Upgrade minimum Rust version to 1.83 (#9815)

This reverts commit 6cc7a560f7 to reapply
#9511 since we've disabled ppc64le-musl per #9793

crates/uv-settings/src/lib.rs

@@ -50,14 +50,7 @@ impl FilesystemOptions {
                 Ok(Some(Self(options)))
             }
             Err(Error::Io(err)) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(None),
-            Err(_) if !dir.is_dir() => {
-                // Ex) `XDG_CONFIG_HOME=/dev/null`
-                tracing::debug!(
-                    "User configuration directory `{}` does not exist or is not a directory",
-                    dir.display()
-                );
-                Ok(None)
-            }
+            Err(Error::Io(err)) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotADirectory => Ok(None),
             Err(err) => Err(err),
         }
     }