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Detect musl and error for musl pbs builds (#6643)

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As described in #4242, we're currently incorrectly downloading glibc
python-build-standalone on musl target, but we also can't fix this by
using musl python-build-standalone on musl targets since the musl builds
are effectively broken.

We reintroduce the libc detection previously removed in #2381, using it
to detect which libc is the current one before we have a python
interpreter. I changed the strategy a big to support an empty `PATH`
which we use in the tests.

For simplicity, i've decided to just filter out the musl
python-build-standalone archives from the list of available archive,
given this is temporary. This means we show the same error message as if
we don't have a build for the platform. We could also add a dedicated
error message for musl.

Fixes #4242

## Test Plan

Tested manually.

On my ubuntu host, python downloads continue to pass:
```
target/x86_64-unknown-linux-musl/debug/uv python install
```

On alpine, we fail:
```
$ docker run -it --rm -v .:/io alpine /io/target/x86_64-unknown-linux-musl/debug/uv python install
  Searching for Python installations
  error: No download found for request: cpython-any-linux-x86_64-musl
```
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konsti 2024-08-27 02:06:53 +02:00 • committed by GitHub
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18
docs/concepts/python-versions.md
View file

@ -249,16 +249,20 @@ uv supports downloading and installing CPython and PyPy distributions.
### CPython distributions
Python does not publish official distributable CPython binaries, uv uses third-party standalone
distributions from the
[`python-build-standalone`](https://github.com/indygreg/python-build-standalone) project. The
project is partially maintained by the uv maintainers and is used by many other Python projects.
As Python does not publish official distributable CPython binaries, uv instead uses pre-built
third-party distributions from the
[`python-build-standalone`](https://github.com/indygreg/python-build-standalone) project.
`python-build-standalone` is partially maintained by the uv maintainers and is used in many other
Python projects, like [Rye](https://github.com/astral-sh/rye) and
[bazelbuild/rules_python](https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python).
The uv Python distributions are self-contained, highly-portable, and performant. While Python can be
built from source, as in tools like `pyenv`, it requires preinstalled system dependencies and
creating optimized, performant builds is very slow.
built from source, as in tools like `pyenv`, doing so requires preinstalled system dependencies, and
creating optimized, performant builds (e.g., with PGO and LTO enabled) is very slow.
These distributions have some behavior quirks, generally as a consequence of portability. See the
These distributions have some behavior quirks, generally as a consequence of portability; and, at
present, uv does not support installing them on musl-based Linux distributions, like Alpine Linux.
See the
[`python-build-standalone` quirks](https://gregoryszorc.com/docs/python-build-standalone/main/quirks.html)
documentation for details.