diff --git a/docs/getting-started/installation.md b/docs/getting-started/installation.md
index a507a3ade..bfd16f499 100644
--- a/docs/getting-started/installation.md
+++ b/docs/getting-started/installation.md
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@ If you need to remove uv from your system, follow these steps:
 
     !!! tip
 
-        Before removing the binaries, you may want to remove any data that uv has stored.
+        Before removing the binaries, you may want to remove any data that uv has stored. See the
+        [storage reference](../reference/storage.md) for details on where uv stores data.
 
 2.  Remove the uv and uvx binaries:
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/index.md b/docs/reference/index.md
index 5ed6bec56..e848f5920 100644
--- a/docs/reference/index.md
+++ b/docs/reference/index.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ The reference section provides information about specific parts of uv:
 
 - [Commands](./cli.md): A reference for uv's command line interface.
 - [Settings](./settings.md): A reference for uv's configuration schema.
+- [Storage](./storage.md): Information about where uv stores data on your system.
 - [Resolver](./resolver-internals.md): Details about the internals of uv's resolver.
 - [Policies](./policies/index.md): uv's versioning policy, platform support policy, and license.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/installer.md b/docs/reference/installer.md
index b6bb34df9..f738987ca 100644
--- a/docs/reference/installer.md
+++ b/docs/reference/installer.md
@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ To change the installation path, use `UV_INSTALL_DIR`:
     PS> powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c {$env:UV_INSTALL_DIR = "C:\Custom\Path";irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex}
     ```
 
+!!! note
+
+    Changing the installation path only affects where the uv binary is installed. uv will still store
+    its data (cache, Python installations, tools, etc.) in the default locations. See the
+    [storage reference](./storage.md) for details on these locations and how to customize them.
+
 ## Disabling shell modifications
 
 The installer may also update your shell profiles to ensure the uv binary is on your `PATH`. To
diff --git a/docs/reference/storage.md b/docs/reference/storage.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38d7a7537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/storage.md
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# Storage
+
+uv persists data in several locations on your system.
+
+## Directory Strategies
+
+uv follows platform conventions for determining where to store different types of data.
+
+Generally, it's best to configure these rather than each uv-specific storage location.
+
+### Cache
+
+For temporary files and caches:
+
+- `$XDG_CACHE_HOME/uv` or `$HOME/.cache/uv` on Unix systems
+- `%LOCALAPPDATA%\uv\cache` on Windows
+
+### Data
+
+For persistent application data:
+
+- `$XDG_DATA_HOME/uv` or `~/.local/share/uv` on Unix systems
+- `%APPDATA%\uv\data` on Windows
+- `.uv` in the working directory as a fallback
+
+### Config
+
+For user configuration files:
+
+- `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/uv` or `~/.config/uv` on Unix systems
+- `%APPDATA%\uv` on Windows
+
+For system configuration files:
+
+- `$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS/uv` or `/etc/uv` on Unix systems
+- `%PROGRAMDATA%\uv` on Windows
+
+### Binaries
+
+For executable files:
+
+- `$XDG_BIN_HOME`, `$XDG_DATA_HOME/../bin`, or `~/.local/bin` on all platforms
+
+## Cache
+
+uv uses a local cache to avoid re-downloading and re-building dependencies. The cache contains
+wheels, source distributions, responses from package indexes, Git repositories, and Python
+interpreter metadata.
+
+By default, the cache is stored in the [cache home](#cache).
+
+Use `uv cache dir` to show the current cache directory path.
+
+Use the `--cache-dir` option or set the `UV_CACHE_DIR` environment variable to configure the cache
+location.
+
+For more details, see the [cache documentation](../concepts/cache.md).
+
+## Python versions
+
+uv can download and manage Python versions.
+
+By default, Python versions are stored in the [data home](#data) in a `python/` subdirectory, e.g.,
+`~/.local/share/uv/python`.
+
+Use `uv python dir` to show the Python installation directory.
+
+Use the `UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR` environment variable to configure the installation directory.
+
+For more details, see the [Python versions documentation](../concepts/python-versions.md).
+
+### Python executables
+
+!!! note
+
+    This feature is in preview, and is not enabled without `--preview` or `UV_PREVIEW`.
+
+uv also supports adding Python executables to your `PATH`.
+
+By default, Python executables are stored in the [bin home](#bin).
+
+Use `uv python dir --bin` to show the Python executable directory.
+
+Use the `UV_PYTHON_BIN_DIR` environment variable to configure the executable directory.
+
+## Tools
+
+uv can install Python applications as tools using `uv tool install`. Each tool gets its own isolated
+environment.
+
+By default, tools are installed in the [data home](#data) under a `tools/` subdirectory, e.g.,
+`~/.local/share/uv/tools`
+
+Use `uv tool dir` to show the tool installation directory.
+
+Use the `UV_TOOL_DIR` environment variable to configure the installation directory.
+
+For more details, see the [tools documentation](../concepts/tools.md).
+
+### Tool executables
+
+When installing tools, uv will add tools to your `PATH`.
+
+By default, tool executbales are stored in the [bin home](#bin).
+
+Use `uv tool dir --bin` to show the tool executable directory.
+
+Use the `UV_TOOL_BIN_DIR` environment variable to configure the executable directory.
+
+## Configuration
+
+uv's behavior can be configured through configuration files stored in standard locations.
+
+Configuration files are located in the [config directories](#config).
+
+For more details, see the [configuration files documentation](../concepts/configuration-files.md).
+
+## Project environments
+
+uv creates virtual environments for projects to isolate their dependencies.
+
+By default, project virtual environments are created in `.venv` within the project directory.
+
+Use the `UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT` environment variable to override this location.
+
+For more details, see the
+[projects environment documentation](../concepts/projects/config.md#project-environment-path).
diff --git a/mkdocs.template.yml b/mkdocs.template.yml
index 69a299b5b..20d978fad 100644
--- a/mkdocs.template.yml
+++ b/mkdocs.template.yml
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ plugins:
         Reference:
           - reference/cli.md
           - reference/settings.md
+          - reference/storage.md
           - reference/environment.md
           - reference/installer.md
 extra_css:
@@ -225,6 +226,7 @@ nav:
       - Commands: reference/cli.md
       - Settings: reference/settings.md
       - Environment variables: reference/environment.md
+      - Storage: reference/storage.md
       - Installer: reference/installer.md
       - Troubleshooting:
           - reference/troubleshooting/index.md