Add support for virtual projects (#6585)

## Summary

The basic idea here is: any project can either be a package, or not
("virtual").

If a project is virtual, we don't build or install it.

A project is virtual if either of the following are true:

- `tool.uv.virtual = true` is set.
- `[build-system]` is absent.

The concept of "virtual projects" only applies to workspace member right
now; it doesn't apply to `path` dependencies which are treated like
arbitrary Python source trees.

TODOs that should be resolved prior to merging:

- [ ] Documentation
- [ ] How do we reconcile this with "virtual workspace roots" which are
a little different -- they omit `[project]` entirely and don't even have
a name?
- [x] `uv init --virtual` should create a virtual project rather than a
virtual workspace.
- [x] Running `uv sync` in a virtual project after `uv init --virtual`
shows `Audited 0 packages in 0.01ms`, which is awkward. (See:
https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/pull/6588.)

Closes https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6511.

crates/uv-workspace/src/pyproject.rs

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ pub struct PyProjectToml {
     /// The raw unserialized document.
     #[serde(skip)]
     pub raw: String,
+
+    /// Used to determine whether a `build-system` is present.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing)]
+    build_system: Option<serde::de::IgnoredAny>,
 }
 
 impl PyProjectToml {
@@ -41,6 +45,23 @@ impl PyProjectToml {
         let pyproject = toml::from_str(&raw)?;
         Ok(PyProjectToml { raw, ..pyproject })
     }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the project should be considered a Python package, as opposed to a
+    /// non-package ("virtual") project.
+    pub fn is_package(&self) -> bool {
+        // If `tool.uv.package` is set, defer to that explicit setting.
+        if let Some(is_package) = self
+            .tool
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|tool| tool.uv.as_ref())
+            .and_then(|uv| uv.package)
+        {
+            return is_package;
+        }
+
+        // Otherwise, a project is assumed to be a package if `build-system` is present.
+        self.build_system.is_some()
+    }
 }
 
 // Ignore raw document in comparison.
@@ -100,6 +121,24 @@ pub struct ToolUv {
         "#
     )]
     pub managed: Option<bool>,
+    /// Whether the project should be considered a Python package, or a non-package ("virtual")
+    /// project.
+    ///
+    /// Packages are built and installed into the virtual environment in editable mode and thus
+    /// require a build backend, while virtual projects are _not_ built or installed; instead, only
+    /// their dependencies are included in the virtual environment.
+    ///
+    /// Creating a package requires that a `build-system` is present in the `pyproject.toml`, and
+    /// that the project adheres to a structure that adheres to the build backend's expectations
+    /// (e.g., a `src` layout).
+    #[option(
+        default = r#"true"#,
+        value_type = "bool",
+        example = r#"
+            package = false
+        "#
+    )]
+    pub package: Option<bool>,
     /// The project's development dependencies. Development dependencies will be installed by
     /// default in `uv run` and `uv sync`, but will not appear in the project's published metadata.
     #[cfg_attr(

crates/uv-workspace/src/workspace.rs

@@ -1339,7 +1339,7 @@ impl VirtualProject {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Return the [`PackageName`] of the project, if it's not a virtual workspace.
+    /// Return the [`PackageName`] of the project, if it's not a virtual workspace root.
     pub fn project_name(&self) -> Option<&PackageName> {
         match self {
             VirtualProject::Project(project) => Some(project.project_name()),
@@ -1347,7 +1347,7 @@ impl VirtualProject {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns `true` if the project is a virtual workspace.
+    /// Returns `true` if the project is a virtual workspace root.
     pub fn is_virtual(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self, VirtualProject::Virtual(_))
     }
@@ -1535,6 +1535,7 @@ mod tests {
                         "exclude": null
                       },
                       "managed": null,
+                      "package": null,
                       "dev-dependencies": null,
                       "environments": null,
                       "override-dependencies": null,
@@ -1607,6 +1608,7 @@ mod tests {
                         "exclude": null
                       },
                       "managed": null,
+                      "package": null,
                       "dev-dependencies": null,
                       "environments": null,
                       "override-dependencies": null,